On heterogeneous diffusion processes and the formation of spatial-temporal nonlocality.

Heterogeneous diffusion processes defined as a solution to the overdamped Langevin equation with multiplicative noise, the amplitude of which has a power-law space-dependent form, are studied. Particular emphasis is on discrete analogs of these processes, for which, in particular, an asymptotic estimate of their variance behavior in time is obtained. In addition, a class of processes formed by deformation of the discrete analog of the fractional Brownian motion using the Cantor ladder and its inverse transformation is considered. It is found that such a class turns out to be close in structure to discrete analogs of heterogeneous processes. This class of processes allows us to illustrate geometrically the emergence of sub- and superdiffusion transport regimes. On the basis of discrete analogs of heterogeneous processes and memory flow phenomenology, we construct a class of random processes that allows us to model nonlocality in time and space taking into account spatial heterogeneity.

Hybrid 3D-2D printing for bone scaffolds fabrication.

It is a well-known fact that bone scaffold topography on micro- and nanometer scale influences the cellular behavior. Nano-scale surface modification of scaffolds allows the modulation of biological activity for enhanced cell differentiation. To date, there has been only a limited success in printing scaffolds with micro- and nano-scale features exposed on the surface. To improve on the currently available imperfect technologies, in our paper we introduce new hybrid technologies based on a combination of 2D (nano imprint) and 3D printing methods. The first method is based on using light projection 3D printing and simultaneous 2D nanostructuring of each of the layers during the formation of the 3D structure. The second method is based on the sequential integration of preliminarily created 2D nanostructured films into a 3D printed structure. The capabilities of the developed hybrid technologies are demonstrated with the example of forming 3D bone scaffolds. The proposed technologies can be used to fabricate complex 3D micro- and nanostructured products for various fields.

The antitumor effect of magnetic nanodisks and DNA aptamer conjugates.

Here we describe a method of forming large arrays (up to 10(9) pieces) of free magnetic Ni-nanodisks 50 nm thick coated on both sides with layers of 5 nm thick Au. The antitumor effect of the magnetic nickel gold-coated nanodisks and DNA aptamer conjugates was evaluated in vivo and in vitro. Under the influence of rotating magnetic field, the studied nanodisks can cause the death of Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells.

Extremely high response of electrostatically exfoliated few layer graphene to ammonia adsorption.

Extremely high gas sensing properties of p-type few layer graphene flakes exfoliated from highly oriented pyrolytic graphite have been demonstrated. The current response to ammonia adsorption is strongly dependent on film thickness and is higher than that for graphene by 1-8 orders of magnitude. A maximal response was found for sample thickness ∼ 2 nm. The effect is attributed to the formation of multiple p-n-p junctions at the grain boundaries in the polycrystalline graphene flakes exposed to ammonia-containing ambient.

[Cytochemical lymphocytic markers as criteria suitable for mass and selective hematologic screening of children living in areas contaminated by radionuclides]. / Tsitokhimicheskie markery limfotsitov v kachestve kriteriev, prigodnykh dlia massovogo i selektivnogo gematologicheskogo skrininga detei, prozhivaiushchikh na zagriaznennykh radionuklidami territoriiakh.

A cytochemical lymphocytogram by PAS--reaction and nonspecific esterase test was made using blood smears from 820 children living in different regions of the Bryansk area exposed to radioactive contamination and from 46 matched controls from noncontaminated territories. Most of the children were born before the Chernobyl accident. The cytochemical lymphocytogram was informative enough to evaluate lymphocytic pool and its renewal. The lymphocytogram parameters served criteria for selection of children's groups at relative risk. The groups comprised 25-60% of the examinees depending on the contamination degree and were registered for subsequent follow-up and rehabilitation.

[Effect of a mixed E. coli O-111 (RNA-azopositive and RNA-azonegative strains) and Coxsackie B3 viral infection on oxygen demand and on the succinate dehydrogenase activity of an HEp-2 cell culture according to polarographic study data]. / Vliianie smeshannoi infektsii E. coli O-111 (RNK-azopozitivnyi i RNK-azonegativnyi shtammy) i virusov Koksaki B3 na potreblenie kisloroda i aktivnost' suktsinatdegidrogenazy kul'tury kletok HEp-2 po dannym poliarograficheskogo issledovaniia

The authors determined polarographically the intensity of oxygen consumption and the activity of succinic dehydrogenase of the HEp-2 cell culture infected with the association of the Cocksackie B3 with the RNA-asopositive and RNA-asonegative strains of E. coli O--111, in comparison with the uninfected and separately infected virus or control bacteria. The results were recorded 2, 6, 12, 18 and 24 hours after the infection of the cell cultures. Mixed virus-bacterial infection intensified the oxygen consumption and the activity of succinic dehydrogenase by the HEp-2 cells, followed by a profound respiratory depression. The same effect was produced by the infection of cells by the virus alone. Less pronounced was the action of bacterial component. A change in the cell repiration of the infected cultures was independent of the RNA-ase activity of bacteria. Under conditions of mixed infection the intensity of the changes in oxygen consumption and of the succinic dehydrogenase activity was determined by the viral component of the association.