[Neurobiological perspectives of biofeedback-therapy efficiency of migraine in patints with epilesy]. / Neirobiologicheskie aspekty effektivnosti bioupravleniya v terapii migreni pri epilepsii.

AIM: Efficiency of BFB-therapy was studied by EMG and temperature parameters under migraine in patients with epilepsy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 14 patients with epilepsy with different localization of epileptic foci were examined. For the estimation of migraine pain syndrome the clinic-psychological scaled of pain, anxiety and depression were used. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The estimation of compared efficiency of the temperature and EMG BFB therapy showed more advisable using of temperature BFB therapy in the group with migraine-epilepsy seizures in the group with localization in temporal area of the right hemisphere.

[Neurophysiological aspects of maxillofacial pain].

The review of literature presents the contemporary neurophysiological methods of study of pain syndromes in the maxillofacial area (MFA). The authors showed that clinical/neurophysiological features of different variants of chronic headache, the functional state of afferents systems and mechanisms of afferent-efferent interactions in different kinds of chronic headache are been intensively explored. The neurophysiological studies of trigeminal system in the pathogenesis of the pain syndromes have been analyzed as well. Current neurophysiological methods and techniques for estimation of the functional MFA innervation may be used for the diagnosis of different kinds of maxillofacial pain, specification of pathogenetic mechanisms, development of treatment tactics and estimation of treatment efficacy.

[Effectiveness of different biofeedback therapies of tension headache].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effectiveness of treatment using biofeedback (BFB-training) technology in patients with tension headache. METHODS: Respiratory training and EEG-BFB-therapy were used to reduce pain syndrome. Two groups of patients with different characteristics of the autonomic nervous system, according to R.M. Baevsky, during Holter monitoring of heart rate variability in the awakening period, presence of autonomic dysfunction that reflected migraine chronification were studied. RESULTS: The statistically significant difference in the effectiveness of treatment of tension headache using respiratory or EEF parameters of BFB in regard to autonomic nervous system function and the presence of autonomic dysfunction syndrome was demonstrated.

[Use of ozonotherapy (OT) in combined treatment of patients with discirculatory encephalopathy (DEP)].

The purpose of the work was assessment of clinical efficiency of OT and study of cerebral blood flow indices in combined treatment of DEP patients, including OT. It was detected that addition of intravenous OT in a complex of planned therapy of DEP patients at the age about 60 years leaded to more significant and more rapid (vs. control groups) regress of DEP symptoms, in the first place headache, ear noise, sleeplessness, memory reduce. Decrease in objective manifestation of neurological syndromes such as dysmnesic, akineticorigid, asthenic ones. Blood lipid spectrum, blood glucose level, blood coagulant system and cerebral blood flow indices were improved. These effects were more expressive in patients with the age less than 60 years. In control subgroups these changes were less expressed. Thus, of OT in combined treatment of patients with DEP improved efficiency of drug therapy and accelerated regress of various symptoms of this pathology, especially in patients with the age less than 60 years.

[Milnacipran (ixel) in the treatment of anxiodepressive and sexual disorders in patients with noninflammatory syndrome of chronic pelvic pain].

Psychoemotional disorders were studied in 57 patients aged 26-44 years (mean age 36.2 +/- 6.9 years) with noninflammatory chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CPPS). The disease duration varied from 1 to 5 years. Pain syndrome, anxiety, depression, sexual disorders were assessed by Visual Analogue Scale, Spilberger's Scale, Beck's Scale, International Index of Erectile Function, respectively. All the patients received milnacipran in a daily dose 100 mg. The effect was assessed in 54 patients. Pain syndrome regressed moderately (by 26.1%). The degree of anxiety, depression and sexual disorders diminished to mild. Thus, milnacipran (ixel) demonstrated its efficacy in the treatment of anxiodepressive disorders and psychogenic erectile dysfunction in patients with noninflammatory CPPS.

[Neurobiological studies of gamma-band bioelectrical activity in humans].

The modem literature data were observed, which dedicated to the study of neurobiological studies of gamma-rhythm mechanisms, providing the cognitive functions in hymans: state of readiness and attention, providing of sensory indentification, perception and memorizations, decision-making, management of psychomotor response, emotional and semantic processing of an information. It was shown that synchronous gamma-activity is at integrative activity, which in deteriorated in pathology of thinking. Literature data were analysed concerning ot the changes of gamma-activity (spontaneous, evoked, provoked by photostimulation etc.) in a number of neuropsychiatric disorders: epilepsy, schizophrenia, Alzheimer's disease, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, stroke etc. as compared with norm. The data observed testify to high significance of gamma-activity in the brain functioning.

[Neurobiological approach to brain functional asymmetry in depression].

The modern literature data were observed, which dedicated to the study of neurobiological mechanisms of depressive states of different origin. The results of the investigations of structurally functional features of depression in healthy volunteers in experiments and in patients with the neurological diseases were viewed. The data cited confirm the modern concepts of R. Davidson concerning to the role of brain functional asymmetry in depression: i.e., the associations between depression and a decrease of the functional activation of the left prefrontal lobe, and also the involving of amygdale in the processes of the forming of negative emotions and depression. The literature data observed and findings of our investigations allow us to conclude that depressive states are characterized not only by the decrease of the functional activity of the left hemisphere, especially, its prefrontal area, but also reciprocal increase of the physiological activity of the prefrontal area of the right hemisphere combined with right-hemispheric functional insufficiency, especially, of its posterior (parieto-temporal) areas.

[Personal peculiarities of epileptic patients with depersonalization in the interictal period]. / Lichnostnye osobennosti bol'nykh épilepsiei s sostoianiiami depersonalizatsii v mezhpristupnom periode.

Depersonalization states, expressed in interictal period, were analyzed in 23 patients. Depersonalization state occurs only in patients with partial complex seizures with epileptic focus in the temporal areas of the right hemisphere and in the mediobasal frontal areas of the left hemisphere. Also, compared to healthy subjects, schizoid personality features by MMPI and Rorshach psychological tests were found in these patients. The depersonalization states studied were defined as neurotic ones, because they manifested after psychotraumatic situation and did not recur after psychotherapy.

[Neurobiological problems of brain ischemia and post stroke epilepsy]. / Neirobiologicheskie aspekty ishemii mozga i postinsul'tnoi épilepsii.

A review. Current literature data concerning pathophysiological mechanisms of cerebral ischemia and poststroke epilepsy are presented. Results of investigations of structural-functional changes in activity of inhibitory inter neurons, mechanisms of brain plasticity, and main components of neuroprotection in ischemia are also discussed. The presented data confirm the current concept of apoptosis and necrosis as a consequence of injuring action of ischemia, the role of excitotoxicity in pathogenesis of ischemia and poststroke epilepsy, and different kinds of plasticity in recovery of brain functions.

[Impairments of different kinds of memory in patients with ischemic stroke]. / Narushemiia raznykh vidov pamiati u bol'nykh s ishemicheskim insul'tom.

27 patients aged 47-64 years with left hemispheric ischemic stroke with similar cognitive and educational levels were examined. Pharmacotherapy of the stroke directed to improvement of both memory and thinking was taken into consideration. To evaluate both different kinds of memory and a degree of the cognitive functions' impairments in the patients with a local ischemic stroke in anterior, posterior and middle parts of the left hemisphere the following tests were used: evaluation of both the immediate memory of the digits and the short-term audio-verbal memory; short-term trials of the pathological action of interference; Benton test, Meily test; evaluation of the declarative, procedure, semantic, strategic, mediated, long-term kinds of memory. It is shown that remembering of the new information concerning verbal names, digits, was worse in mediobasal, frontal and temporal location of the stroke in the left hemisphere and depended on clinical manifestations of the disorders. The working semantic and strategic kinds of the memory were also damaged, while long-term memory (autobiographic, professional) was impaired in less degree.

Indirect short-term influences of alternating magnetic fields on the brain in epilepsy.

Changes the bioelectrical activity of the cerebral hemispheres were studied in 20 patients with epilepsy and 18 healthy subjects subjected to local alternating magnetic fields (MF) applied to the hand. MF produced increases in epileptic activity in terms of the bioelectrical characteristics of foci and the level of generalization. This suggests that alternating MF can be used to identify the localization of epileptic foci. The most stable changes in response to alternating MF were seen in the posterior parietal parts of the right hemisphere. It is concluded that the effects of alternating MF are produced mainly by processes in the right hemisphere.

[The influence of hypogeomagnetic field on bioelectric activity of the brain in epilepsy]. / Vliianie gipogeomagnitnogo polia na bioélektricheskuiu aktivnost' mozga pri épilepsii.

An influence of geomagnetic field (GMF) on bioelectric activity of the brain was studied in 20 epileptic patients by the use of "hat", which attenuated GMF. A short-term attenuated GMF increased a EEG synchronisation by alpha-rhythm, generalized slow-waves discharges. Some similarities and differences were found in attenuated GMF effects and in the results of hyperventilation trial. The main role in perception of attenuated GMF belongs to the parietal area of the right hemisphere.

[Disorders of speech and imagery functioning in children with epilepsy in the right or left cerebral hemisphere as primary loci of lesions]. / Narushenie rechevykh i obraznykh funktsii u detei s épilepsiei pri preimushchestvennom porazhenii pravogo ili levogo polushariia golovnogo mozga.

The paper presents the relationship between the disorders of speech and a drawing. 40 epileptic 5-12 year-old children as well as 9 healthy children (a control group) were examined. There were analysed the disorders of speech, alterations of drawing in children with epilepsy, mechanisms of participation of the right or the left hemisphere in forming of speech and descriptive activity on different stages of ontogenesis and its compensation in dependence on the severity of the disease. In younger preschool age disorders of a speech and deficiency in drawing were determined by the damages of the right hemisphere, while a role of the left hemisphere in such processes increased later.