[The diagnostic value of different test systems for the screening determination of antibodies to the human immunodeficiency virus]. / Diagnosticheskaia tsennost' razlichnykh test-sistem dlia skriningovogo opredeleniia antitel k virusu immunodefitsita cheloveka.

Evaluation of the quality of enzyme immunoassay (EIA) systems by their sensitivity and specificity is inadequate, mainly due to the impossibility of detecting early or latent HIV infection in humans as it manifests by seroconversion only to a few HIV proteins. The additional evaluation criterion (confirmation rate) has been introduced, and an original method for the integral evaluation of the quality of assay systems intended for the diagnosis of HIV infection by EIA techniques has been proposed.

[Dynamics of the antihemagglutinin level in annual human immunization with inactivated influenza vaccines]. / Dinamika urovnia antigemaggliutininov v usloviiakh ezhegodnoi immunizatsii liudei grippoznymi inaktivirovannymi vaktsinami.

Inactivated influenza vaccines are classified according to the types of antihemagglutinin response after annual revaccination of people with inactivated influenza vaccines carried out for 3 successive years. The results of analysis show that in response to annual revaccination with inactivated vaccine up to 80% of the vaccinees develop no positive changes in antihemagglutinin titres. An experiment using a liver moderately attenuated vaccine after a single immunization with an inactivated vaccine demonstrated that 64.7% vaccinees would not be involved in the epidemic process at all and 11.5% would be involved at the level of asymptomatic infection. The remaining portion (23.8%), also involved in the epidemic process after immunization with inactivated vaccine, apparently requires additional immunological protection. The results of the above study indicate the inefficacy of annual vaccination of the same subjects with the same inactivated influenza vaccine.

[Effect of repeated immunization with inactivated influenza vaccine on the formation of specific and nonspecific immunity factors]. / Vliianie povtornoi immunizatsii inaktivirovannoi grippoznoi vaktsinoi na formirovanie spetsificheskikh i nespetsificheskikh faktorov immuniteta.

A group of young people, totaling 1160 persons, was immunized annually with influenza inactivated chromatographic divaccine prepared from influenza viruses A (H1N1 +/- H3N2) for 3 years. Only in persons immunized once or twice direct correlation between the number of immunizations and their immunological effectiveness was observed. Repeated immunization produced no stimulating effect on the level of systemic humoral and secretory immunity. The innocuity of repeated vaccinations is substantiated by the absence of such effect on the somatic morbidity of the vaccinees and the levels of complement, lysozyme and beta-lysin in the blood serum.

[Effect of accomodation conditions of isolated contingents on the course of the epidemic influenza process]. / Vliianie uslovii razmeshcheniia izolirovannykh kollektivov na techenie épidemicheskogo protsessa grippa.

The influence of accomodation conditions on the intensity of influenza A2 virus spread was studied annually in 1970-1975 during the periods of rises in influenza incidence, November--April, in contingents isolated from the general population. The influence of the main accommodation conditions (number of subjects in a bed-room, the area and air volume of the bed room per person), on the influenza incidence was shown to occur only in the periods of moderate incidence rises which preceede large outbreaks. In the interepidemic period or during large outbreaks no such influence occurs. These results confirm the concept on the epidemiological importance of heterogeneity of two interacting systems, the causative agent population and the contingent composition (V. D. Belyakov, 1975). It is assumed that when the circulating influenza virus population is heterogeneous and contains a certain number of potentially epidemic strains, they are activated most intensively in large groups of human subjects. Therefore, large contingents living under specific accommodation conditions are the likely place of most early emergence of new epidemic influenza virus strains. The lack of influence of the accommodation conditions of the influenza incidence indicates that the epidemic process of this infection in closely communicating contingents occurs intensively and continuously due, to a large extent, to latent, clinically inapparent forms.