TROPHY registry - status report.

INTRODUCTION: The TROPHY registry has been established to conduct an international multicenter prospective data collection on the surgical management of neonatal intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH)-related hydrocephalus to possibly contribute to future guidelines. The registry allows comparing the techniques established to treat hydrocephalus, such as external ventricular drainage (EVD), ventricular access device (VAD), ventricular subgaleal shunt (VSGS), and neuroendoscopic lavage (NEL). This first status report of the registry presents the results of the standard of care survey of participating centers assessed upon online registration. METHODS: On the standard of treatment forms, each center indicated the institutional protocol of interventions performed for neonatal post-hemorrhagic hydrocephalus (nPHH) for a time period of 2 years (Y1 and Y2) before starting the active participation in the registry. In addition, the amount of patients enrolled so far and allocated to a treatment approach are reported. RESULTS: According to the standard of treatment forms completed by 56 registered centers, fewer EVDs (Y1 55% Y2 46%) were used while more centers have implemented NEL (Y1 39%; Y2 52%) to treat nPHH. VAD (Y1 66%; Y2 66%) and VSGS (Y1 42%; Y2 41%) were used at a consistent rate during the 2 years. The majority of the centers used at least two different techniques to treat nPHH (43%), while 27% used only one technique, 21% used three, and 7% used even four different techniques. Patient data of 110 infants treated surgically between 9/2018 and 2/2021 (13% EVD, 15% VAD, 30% VSGS, and 43% NEL) were contributed by 29 centers. CONCLUSIONS: Our results emphasize the varying strategies used for the treatment of nPHH. The international TROPHY registry has entered into a phase of growing patient recruitment. Further evaluation will be performed and published according to the registry protocol.

Gas-phase treatment of polyethylene terephthalate waste in nitrating atmosphere for recycling purposes.

The paper describes a new method of waste polyethylene terephthalate (PET) recycling based on gas-phase treatment of the material in nitrating atmosphere. It was found that PET samples kept in the nitrating atmosphere (obtained by vaporizing 12 mol L-1 HNO3) at a temperature of 403-463 K (130-190 °C) for 5-24 h dissolve in 0.5 mol L-1 NaOH, in contrast to the untreated PET samples. Ozonation of the obtained alkaline solutions leads to a complete decomposition of the organic compounds present in the solutions. The resulting PET decomposition degree is higher than 99.9 % irrespective of the plastic color. In addition, the possibility of terephthalic acid recovery from the alkaline solutions of the conversion products was shown.

[Protein families specific for plastoms in small taxonomy groups of algae and protozoa].

Protein clustering is useful for refinement of protein annotation as well as cluster finding by its phylogenetic profile. We performed clustering of plastid encoded proteins from Rhodophyta as well as other plastid containing species related to Rhodophyta branch on species tree. Data base for cluster finding by its phylogenetic profile is available on http://lab6.iitp.ru/ppc/redline. By means of the database distinctive proteins for plastoms from small taxonomy groups of algae and protozoa were found. We performed finding and analysis of RNA polymerases encoded in Apicomplexa nuclei.

[Attenuation regulation of amino acid and amino acyl-tRNA biosynthetic operons in bacteria: comparative genomics analysis].

We performed a large-scale search for attenuation regulation in bacteria based on two original computer programs modeling attenuation regulation and multiple alignment along a phylogenetic tree. The programs are available from http://lab6.iitp.ru. Candidate attenuations are predicted in many bacteria from alpha-, beta-, gamma-, delta-proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes/Chlorobi, Firmicutes and Thermotogae; in Cloroflexi--upstream genes hisG, hisZ, hisS, pheA, pheST, trpEG, trpA, trpB, trpE, trpS, thrA, thrS, leuA, leuS, ilvB, ilvI, ilvA, ilvC, ilvD, ilvG. Other bacterial taxa were not predicted to have attenuation; searches were conducted across all bacterial genomes contained in GenBank, NCBI. Evolution of attenuation is discussed.

[Mechanism of manganese transport regulation based on the long RNA helix in Brucella].

It has been found that divalent cation transporters of the Nramp family in cell phagosomes and bacteria that parasitize on the cell compete for metals, which is crucial for bacterial survival. Long helices were determined by means of our algorithm for each mRNA in the 5'-untranslated region in Brucella. Conserved long RNA helices were found in mRNA that encode manganese transporters as well as Ni-dependent Glyoxalase I. We suggest that long helices in these regions are involved in the regulation of RNA stability.

[Model of genes expression regulation in bacteria by means of formation of secondary RNA structures].

In this article a model, first, classical attenuation RNA regulation of gene expression by means of transcription termination is offered. The model bases on representation about a macrostate of secondary structure in RNA regulatory region between a ribosome and a RNA polymerase, on the formulas of a resonant type defining the value of deceleration of a RNA polymerase by a set of hairpins in the same region. The special attention is given to selection of parameters of model. To check of model the computer simulation is carried out and the dependences of transcription termination probability from the value of concentration charged tRNA are obtained, in particular, and from concentration of amino acid for many regulatory regions in genomes of bacteria (here data are presented for trpE genes in Streptomyces spp., Bradyrhizobium japonicum and Escherichia coli) and at various values of three parameters, which authors consider as the main. The obtained dependences are compounded with the accessible experimental data; including, under the form of the graphs concerning to activity of an enzyme depending on concentration of amino acid (for example, anthranilate synthase from tryptophan in S. venezuela). One possible usage: now attenuation is predicted usually by means of multiple alignment, it needs some sequences; the obtaining with the help of model on an individual sequence characteristic for attenuation or its absence of a curve at approaching parameters could be considered as argument for the benefit of presence or absence of attenuation.

Sonolysis of metal beta-diketonates in alkanes.

The kinetics of metal beta-diketonates sonolysis was studied in hexadecane solutions using a UV/VIS spectrophotometric technique. The following complexes were prepared and studied: Cu(HFAA)(2), Cu(DPM)(2), Fe(ACAC)(3), Ni(DPM)(2), Er(DPM)(3), Nd(DPM)(3), Th(DPM)(4), UO(2)(BTFA)(2).TOPO, and Np(HFAA)(4), where HHFAA is hexafluoroacetylacetone, HDPM is dipivaloylmethane, HACAC is acetylacetone, HBTFA is benzoyltrifluoroacetone, and TOPO is trioctylphosphine oxide. Sonolysis was performed under the following conditions: ultrasonic frequency 22 kHz, intensity of ultrasound 3-5 Wcm(-2), temperature 70-92 degrees C, Ar atmosphere. The kinetic behavior of the studied complexes are interpreted using a two-site model of the sonochemical processes. In the case of metal beta-diketonates with high vapor pressure the sonochemical reactions tend to occur in the gaseous phase of the cavitating bubbles. The sonolysis of less volatile complexes first occur in the liquid reaction zone surrounding the bubbles. Sonication of the studied complexes results in the formation of X-ray amorphous products consisted of a mixture of metal beta-diketonates partial degradation products. Heating of as-prepared sonication products in air yields nanocrystalline oxides of corresponding metals.

[Use of an automated classifying system for the dispensary system of the population]. / Ispol'zovanie avtomatizirovannoi klassifitsiruiushchei sistemy dlia dispanserizatsii naseleniia.

While processing blood values by an automatic classifying system, human beings can be divided into healthy (normal) and unhealthy (ill) persons. In so doing, one can evaluate the status of the body's individual systems (gastrointestinal tract, respiratory organs, locomotor apparatus, heart and vessels, urinary, endocrine, hemopoietic, and female genital organs, the central nervous system), which allows a physician to find a source of poor health from the very onset of disease.

[The flowmetric assessment of the adequacy of carotid endarterectomy]. / Floumetricheskaia otsenka adekvatnosti karotidnoi éndarteréktomii.

The authors made an analysis of ultrasonic flowmetry in 36 operations of carotid endarterectomy in 22 patients with stenosis of brachiocephalic arteries. After removal of atherosclerotic plaques the volumetric blood flow in carotid arteries increased from 65-260 ml/min up to 210-400 ml/min. No substantial difference was noted between the increase of blood flow after classical endarterectomy and after the formation of a new carotid bifurcation. Flowmetry allows the estimation of adequacy of vascular reconstruction and the choice of correct management of the patients at the postoperative period.

[The shaping of radiation doses and of dose-effect curves for patients undergoing x-ray studies]. / Formirovanie dozovykh nagruzok i krivykh doza--éffekt dlia patsientov, podvergaiushchikhsia rentgenologicheskim issledovaniiam.

Human peripheral blood values are used to define an effective dose at X-ray study. Processing is made on a technical unit comprising a blood analyzer and a computer supplied by a so-called automatic classifying system. The program is based on the recognition of images with nonstatistical assessment. A dose-effect could be first plotted in the range of effective single radiation doses of 0.8-25 mZv.

[Monitoring the changes of the lesion and of the patient's health condition in the course of radiotherapy]. / Kontrol' za izmeneniem patologicheskogo ochaga i sostoianiia zdorov'ia bol'nogo v protsesse vypolneniia luchevoi terapii.

The effect of therapy of malignancies is at present monitored by X-ray procedures on the basis of the dynamics of the size of lesion. Since such approach fails to provide data on the structure of lesion changes and response to treatment, it is suggested that structural changes in cells of exposed tissues can by monitored by using densitometric data obtained from mammograms and (computed) tomograms, to assess density changes in tumor and adjacent normal tissues. Recovery involves certain systemic changes which can be identified using certain peripheral blood indices; the latter are evaluated using non-statistical applications of the theory of pattern recognition and cluster analysis.

[The surgical treatment of patients with uterine myoma by using endoscopic methods and laser technics]. / Khirurgicheskoe lechenie bol'nykh miomoi matki s ispol'zovaniem éndoskopicheskikh metodov i lazernoi tekhniki.

The advantages and shortcomings of endoscopic and laser myomectomies in comparison with conventional myomectomy using laparotomy are discussed. A total of 279 patients with uterine myoma were subjected to myomectomy using laparotomy with CO2 laser (n = 109), laparotomy without laser (n = 45), laparoscopy (n = 120), and hysteroscopic removal of submucosal fibroids (n = 5). Comparative statistic analysis of the major intraoperative and early postoperative clinical parameters indicated that laparoscopic myomectomies are associated with an appreciable reduction of blood loss, its duration is the same as that of traditional operation, and the postoperative period runs a more benign course than after conventional surgery.

[The determination of CA-125, CA-19-9 and CEA antigens in gynecologic patients for differential diagnosis and the assessment of the efficacy of surgical treatment and subsequent monitoring]. / Opredelenie antigenov CA 125, CA 19-9 i REA u ginekologicheskikh bol'nykh dlia differentsial'noi diagnostiki i otsenki éffektivnosti operativnogo lecheniia i posleduiushchego monitoringa.

Tumor markers CA 125, CA 19-9, and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) were measured in the blood sera of 396 inpatients of different age. In 139 patients the measurements were carried out over time. Hoffman La Roche enzyme immunoassay test kits were used. Eight groups of women were tested: controls without gynecological diseases, women in need of plastic repair of the genitals, patients with inflammatory diseases, with cervical endometriosis, internal endometriosis, ovarian endometriosis, uterine myoma, benign ovarian tumors, and malignant tumors of the ovaries. The results indicate a relatively high diagnostic value of measuring CA 125 in gynecological patients, particularly in those with endometriosis. Parallel measurements of three markers in the blood serum (CA 125, CA 19-9, and CEA) are more informative for the differential diagnosis of endometriosis and malignant tumors. Follow-up of CA 125 concentration may be used to assess the efficacy of therapy and help early detect the disease recurrences.

[Intraoperative dynamics of the regional function of the myocardium during aortocoronary bypass]. / Intraoperatsionnaia dinamika regional'noi funktsii miokarda vo vremia aortokoronarnogo shuntirovaniia.

From the results of intraoperative examination of 50 patients with ischemic heart disease it is shown that the collateral blood flow has an essential effect on the detection of the signs of myocardial ischemia. Aortocoronary shunting leads to positive dynamics of regional myocardial function. The test with compression of the shunt may be used for indirect appraisal of the efficacy of myocardial revascularization.