Nonlinear analysis of scalp EEGs from normal and brain tumour subjects.

Measurement of features from the chaos theory or as popularly known, the concept of nonlinear dynamics, as indicatives of several pathological conditions and cognition states using the electroencephalography (EEG) signal is very popular. In this paper, the analysis of scalp EEG signals of normal subjects and brain tumour patients using the nonlinear dynamic features has been presented. The nonlinear dynamic features that represent the dimensional and waveform complexities of the signal being analyzed have been considered. The statistical analysis of the selected nonlinear dynamic features has been presented. The results show that the nonlinear dynamic features significantly discriminate the brain tumour group from the normal group.

A Novel Sutureless Scleral-Fixated Lens That Eliminates Extra Ocular Haptic Manipulation: The CM-T Flex Lens.

The authors present their experience with an innovative model of scleral-fixated intraocular lens (SFIOL): the CM-T Flex intraocular lens (IOL). By its unique design, the CM-T Flex IOL simplifies the process of SFIOL fixation by limiting the process to simply exteriorizing and releasing the haptic. This retrospective cohort study included nine eyes with surgical aphakia. The CM-T Flex IOL was used in these nine aphakic eyes that had completed a 3-month follow-up. Improvement in visual acuity (0.34 ± 0.25 logMAR [range: 0.2 to 1] to 0.22 ± 0.32 logMAR [range: 0 to 0.77]) was recorded with no major complications. IOL stability and centration was established. The authors concluded that the CM-T Flex IOL was effective for refractive rehabilitation in aphakic eyes. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina. 2020;51:648-650.].

Railway anaesthesiologists and Indian railway COVID-19 management system.

Ever since the outbreak of novel Corona Virus 2019 pandemic, Anaesthesiologists are among the frontline leaders in not only the prevention of and control over the spread of the pandemic but also planning, organizing and coordinating the deployment and utilization of the medical and all other resources effectively and efficiently in order to minimize the losses and sufferings of human lives and recouping the global wellbeing at large. This article briefly highlights the prompt, optimal and effective contributions of the Indian Railways, Indian Railway Health Services and the Railway Association of ISA (RAISA) towards the provision of safe and scientific health services to maximum number of our fellow citizens.

Diurnal and seasonal patterns of soil CO2 efflux from the Pichavaram mangroves, India.

The diurnal and seasonal variation of soil carbon dioxide (CO2) flux was measured in the Pichavaram mangrove forest, the Southeast coast of India from February 2016 to October 2016 using an automated soil CO2 flux chamber system. Maximum soil CO2 efflux reached at 14:00 h and minimum at 00:00 h. The surface soil CO2 concentration ranged from 375 to 532 ppm with the mean 405 ± 18 ppm. The daily soil CO2 flux varied from near zero to about 7 µmol m-2 s-1 with a mean value of 2.4 ± 1.3 µmol m-2 s-1. The highest seasonal CO2 efflux from soil was during the summer and premonsoon seasons, whereas low flux values were recorded during the monsoon season. Soil CO2 efflux values were highly correlated with soil temperature. Tidal inundation during monsoon season, extreme drought condition in summer, and unusual precipitation are the major factors controlling the soil CO2 flux.

Central retinal vein occlusion in a patient with breast carcinoma.

Purpose: Systemic malignancies may have ocular manifestations in the form of metastatic tumors, carcinoma associated retinopathy or central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO). Although CRVO has been mentioned in association with renal, lung, prostatic and ovarian malignancies, the association of CRVO with breast carcinoma is unreported. We report a patient with one such rare association. Methods: We describe a patient with breast carcinoma who was diagnosed to have CRVO. The history, ocular examination, retinal optical coherence tomography scan, ocular ultrasound scan, hematological profile, mammogram details and aspiration cytology description of the malignant breast lesion are reported in this article. Results: The retina showed extensive hemorrhages and dilated retinal veins. Complete hematologic evaluation revealed the presence of microcytic hypochromic anemia and increased hematocrit. These changes are possibly related to the malignant disease and might contribute to the pathogenesis of CRVO. Coclusion: This case report demonstrates the rare association between breast malignancy and CRVO.

Photocatalytic degradation of organic contaminants by g-C3N4/EPDM nanocomposite film: Viable, efficient and facile recoverable.

The original metal free graphitic carbon nitride/ethylene propylene diene monomer nanocomposite film (g-C3N4/EPDM NCF) was fabricated by facile solution cast method. g-C3N4/EPDM NCF with diameter (50mm) and thickness (4mm) was investigated towards the photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) and methyl orange (MO) dye solution under visible light irradiation. The as synthesized g-C3N4/EPDM NCF was exhibited high crystalline nature with the crystalline size of 21.53nm, the smooth surface nature and the particle size was observed from the TEM analysis is 20nm. Furthermore, the influence of operational parameters was carried out which demonstrated that 100mg photocatalyst and 25µM of dye concentration were obtained as an optimized condition for the best photocatalytic degradation results. As a result of scavenger experiment, it was concluded that the hydroxyl radical (OH) was actively involved in the photocatalytic degradation. The g-C3N4/EPDM NCF were recoverable from the photocatalytic reaction system and the present find findings may open up a new platform for the simple handpicked photocatalyst.

A selective electrochemical sensor for caffeic acid and photocatalyst for metronidazole drug pollutant - A dual role by rod-like SrV2O6.

In the present study, well-defined one-dimensional (1D) rod-like strontium vanadate (SrV2O6) was prepared by simple hydrothermal method without using any other surfactants/templates. The successful formation of rod-like SrV2O6 was confirmed by various analytical and spectroscopic techniques. Interestingly, for the first time the dual role of as-prepared rod-like SrV2O6 were employed as an electrochemical sensor for the detection of caffeic acid (CA) as well as visible light active photocatalyst for the degradation of metronidazole (MNZ) antibiotic drug. As an electrochemical sensor, the SrV2O6 modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) demonstrated a superior electrocatalytic activity for the detection of CA by chronoamperometry and cyclic voltammetry (CVs). In addition, the electrochemical sensor exhibited a good current response for CA with excellent selectivity, wide linear response range, lower detection limit and sensitivity of 0.01-207 µM, 4 nM and 2.064 µA µM-1cm-2, respectively. On the other hand, as-synthesized rod-like SrV2O6 showed highly efficient and versatile photocatalytic performances for the degradation of MNZ, which degrades above 98% of MNZ solution under visible light irradiation within 60 min. The obtained results evidenced that the improvement of rod-like SrV2O6 might be a resourceful electrocatalyst and photocatalyst material in the probable applications of environmental and biomedical applications.

Evaluation of a new electrochemical sensor for selective detection of non-enzymatic hydrogen peroxide based on hierarchical nanostructures of zirconium molybdate.

The construction and characterization of selective and sensitive non-enzymatic hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) electrochemical sensor based on sphere-like zirconium molybdate (ZrMo2O8) nanostructure are reported for the first time. The sphere-like ZrMo2O8 were prepared via a simple hydrothermal route followed by annealing process. The structural and morphological properties were investigated by various analytical and spectroscopic techniques such as XRD, Raman, SEM, EDX, TEM, and XPS analysis. Furthermore, the electrochemical properties were investigated by cyclic voltammetry and amperometric techniques. The obtained results displayed that the prepared ZrMo2O8 materials hold excellent-crystallinity, well-defined sphere-like formation and demonstrated superior electrochemical properties. Interestingly, the electrochemical H2O2 sensor was constructed based on ZrMo2O8 nanostructure on the glassy carbon electrode exhibited wide linear response ranges, good sensitivity and lower detection limit (LOD). The estimated sensitivity, wide linear ranges and LOD of the fabricated electrochemical sensor was 2.584µAµM-1cm-2, 0.05-523, 543-3053µM and 0.01µM respectively. The proposed sensor had excellent selectivity even in the presence of biologically co-interfering substances such as uric acid, dopamine, ascorbic acid and glucose. This effortless, fast, inexpensive technique for constructing a modified electrode is a gorgeous approach to the growth of new sensors.

Brain tumor detection using scalp eeg with modified Wavelet-ICA and multi layer feed forward neural network.

Use of scalp EEG for the diagnosis of various cerebral disorders is progressively increasing. Though the advanced neuroimaging techniques such as MRI and CT-SCAN still stay as principal confirmative methods for detecting and localizing brain tumors, the development of automated systems for the detection of brain tumors using the scalp EEG has started attracting the researchers all over the world notably since 2000. This is because of two important facts: (i) cheapness and easiness of methods of recording and analyzing the scalp EEG and (ii) lower risk and possible early detection. This paper presents a method of detecting the brain tumor using the first, second and third order statistics of the scalp EEG with a Modified Wavelet-Independent Component Analysis (MwICA) technique and a multi-layer feed-forward neural network.