INFLUENCE OF VASCULAR STENT SURFACE TREATMENT WITH AN ADAPTIVE COMPOSITION FOR IMPROVING ITS BIOCOMPATIBILITY AND RESTENOSIS PREVENTION.

AIM: the article describes a method of implant surface treatment that reduces the risk of an inflammatory reaction to vascular implants. The research was conducted on 34 male rabbits of the "Flemish Giant" breed weighing 2.5-3.0 kg, following the standards of bioethical principles. The blood vessels of the experimental animals were previously provoked by the administration of endogenous pyrogenic solution according to a predetermined protocol. Under general anesthesia, the animals were endovascularly (via femoral access into the abdominal aorta) implanted with standard Z-shaped stents made of 316L stainless steel. To obtain indicative results, 10 rabbits were implanted with non-treated stents, while another 12 rabbits had stents pre-treated with the adapting composition (AdC) implanted. After 8 weeks, the animals were withdrawn from the experiment. Vessel wall morphometry revealed that the treatment of stents with AdC before their placement into the vessel resulted in a reduction of vessel wall thickness at the site of their implantation. The clinical application of AdC aimed at improving the biocompatibility properties of implants with respect to the recipient's body is characterized by a 100% (95% CI 78.2% - 100%) likelihood of absence of complications.

THE EFFECT OF ADEMOL ON THE DNA FRAGMENTATION OF CEREBRAL CORTEX CELLS IN RATS WITH EXPERIMENTAL TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY.

THE AIM OF THE STUDY: To determine the effect of Ademol on the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) fragmentation of the cerebral cortex cells (apoptosis) of rats with traumatic brain injury (TBI). MATERIALS AND METHODS: An experimental model of severe trauma was created in male rats using an air pistol. The therapeutic effect of Ademol in TBI was evaluated at a dose of 2 mg/kg intravenously at intervals of 2 t/d for 8 days. As a drug for the control group we used 0.9% NaCl at a dose of 2 ml/kg, and as a comparison drug - amantadine sulfate at a dose of 5 mg/kg. On day 8 after TBI and decapitation of animals, the parts of the cerebral cortex were taken to assess further DNA fragmentation in cells by the flow cytometry method. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: The post-traumatic period of model TBI in rats is accompanied by a probable increase in the level of DNA fragmentation in the nucleus of cerebral cortex cells on the 8th day of the experiment. By the antiapoptotic effect in conditions of post-traumatic brain injury, Ademol solution therapy was significantly better than the infusion of 0.9% NaCl and amantadine sulfate at an average of 46.2 and 27.2%, respectively (p<0.05).

EVALUATION OF THE EFFECT OF ADEMOL ON THE DYNAMICS OF NEURON-SPECIFIC ENOLASE IN TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY IN RATS.

The great hopes of modern medicine for neuroprotective therapy have stimulated scientists around the world to actively search for new effective means of influencing the pathophysiological cascades of the development of neuronal damage. Aim. To evaluate the effect of the use of the adamantane derivative 1-adamantylethyloxa-3-morpholino-2-propanol hydrochloride (ademol) compared with amantadine sulfate and 0.9% NaCl solution on the activity dynamics of neuron-specific enolase in rats with acute traumatic brain injury (TBI) . The therapeutic effect of ademol in experimental traumatic brain injury was evaluated using a dose of 2 mg/kg (i/v) every 12 hours for 8 days. The pseudo-operated animals and the control group received a 0.9% NaCl solution at a dose of 2 ml/kg i/v, and the comparison group received amantadine sulfate at a dose of 5 mg/kg in the same mode. To determine the effectiveness of the studied drugs in brain injury, the level of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) was used. The course infusion in rats with TBI of solutions of ademol (2 mg/kg) and amantadine sulfate (5 mg/kg) during the 8 days of the TBI model, significantly reduced the increase in the NSE level in animals of the control pathology group by an average of 52.1 and 38.2%. Thus, the results obtained indicate that when using ademol at a dose of 2 mg/kg i/v and amantadine sulfate (5 mg/kg i/v), powerful neurocytoprotective properties appear against the background of a model head injury. Moreover, the neuroprotective effect of ademol manifested itself more clearly, since in terms of the ability to prevent the increase in NSE levels, it significantly dominated the reference drug by an average of 22.5%.

[INFLAMMATION AND CARDIAC INSUFFICIENCY ASSOCIATED WITH INFECTIOUS ENDOCARDITIS].

The study included 62 patients with uncomplicated primary and secondary infectious endocarditis admitted to S.PBotkin city hospital from 2011 to 2014. The emphasis is laid on diagnostic significance of dynamic measurements of the levels of C-reactive protein, tumour necrosis factor and highly sensitive troponin-1 for the evaluation of activity of the infectious/toxic process, severity of the disease, and detection of complications. The study revealed the relationship of the enhanced level of troponin-1 with changes of inflammation markers, morphofunctional characteristics of myocardium, and circulatory failure. Morphologicl study demonstrated inflammatory and dystrophic changes in myocardium, focal and diffuse cardiofibrosis suggesting development of non-coronarogenic myocardial lesions that play an important role in the progress of cardiac failure associated with infectious endocarditis.

[Clinical and morphological aspects of infectious endocarditis].

Comparative analysis of anamnestic, clinical, laboratory and instrumental data involved 106 patients with infectious endocarditis treated in S.P. Botkin City Clinical Hospital in 2000-2011 and 92 ones admitted in 1985-1977. The results give evidence of ongoing pathomorphosis of infectious endocarditis as is apparent from the growing number of male patients, increased frequency of primary cases and previous invasive or intravascular manipulations, thromboembolic complications including pulmonary thromboembolism, right heart chamber endocarditis. Over half of the patients are socially unadapted C-peptide level is of diagnostic value for the assessment of inflammation activity, precursors of natriuretic peptide can be used to detect preclinical and clinical stages of cardiac failure related to infectious endocarditis. There is correlation between severity of inflammation and myocardial dysfunction. Early surgical intervention in the absence of effect of combined antibacterial therapy improves prognosis. Morphological studies of inflammation-related changes in myocardium, destruction of cardiomyocytes, dystrophic processes, and fibrosis play an important role in the development of cardiac insufficiency and prognosis of infectious endocarditis.

[Diagnostics of inflammation activity in infectious endocarditis].

This work was designed to analyse dynamics of inflammation markers (C-reactive protein, TNF-alpha) and procalcitonin in 66 patients with infectious endocarditis (IE) followed up during 6 months. Comparison of clinical observations and laboratory data revealed specific trends in these parameters in patients with different clinical course of IE and at its different stages. Some of the changes are shown to be responsible for the unfavourable prognosis of IE. TNF-alpha levels are considered to be a sensitive and informative index of the patients" clinical conditions throughout the entire period of IE evolvement.