THE EFFECT OF ADEMOL ON THE DNA FRAGMENTATION OF CEREBRAL CORTEX CELLS IN RATS WITH EXPERIMENTAL TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY.

THE AIM OF THE STUDY: To determine the effect of Ademol on the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) fragmentation of the cerebral cortex cells (apoptosis) of rats with traumatic brain injury (TBI). MATERIALS AND METHODS: An experimental model of severe trauma was created in male rats using an air pistol. The therapeutic effect of Ademol in TBI was evaluated at a dose of 2 mg/kg intravenously at intervals of 2 t/d for 8 days. As a drug for the control group we used 0.9% NaCl at a dose of 2 ml/kg, and as a comparison drug - amantadine sulfate at a dose of 5 mg/kg. On day 8 after TBI and decapitation of animals, the parts of the cerebral cortex were taken to assess further DNA fragmentation in cells by the flow cytometry method. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: The post-traumatic period of model TBI in rats is accompanied by a probable increase in the level of DNA fragmentation in the nucleus of cerebral cortex cells on the 8th day of the experiment. By the antiapoptotic effect in conditions of post-traumatic brain injury, Ademol solution therapy was significantly better than the infusion of 0.9% NaCl and amantadine sulfate at an average of 46.2 and 27.2%, respectively (p<0.05).

EVALUATION OF THE EFFECT OF ADEMOL ON THE DYNAMICS OF NEURON-SPECIFIC ENOLASE IN TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY IN RATS.

The great hopes of modern medicine for neuroprotective therapy have stimulated scientists around the world to actively search for new effective means of influencing the pathophysiological cascades of the development of neuronal damage. Aim. To evaluate the effect of the use of the adamantane derivative 1-adamantylethyloxa-3-morpholino-2-propanol hydrochloride (ademol) compared with amantadine sulfate and 0.9% NaCl solution on the activity dynamics of neuron-specific enolase in rats with acute traumatic brain injury (TBI) . The therapeutic effect of ademol in experimental traumatic brain injury was evaluated using a dose of 2 mg/kg (i/v) every 12 hours for 8 days. The pseudo-operated animals and the control group received a 0.9% NaCl solution at a dose of 2 ml/kg i/v, and the comparison group received amantadine sulfate at a dose of 5 mg/kg in the same mode. To determine the effectiveness of the studied drugs in brain injury, the level of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) was used. The course infusion in rats with TBI of solutions of ademol (2 mg/kg) and amantadine sulfate (5 mg/kg) during the 8 days of the TBI model, significantly reduced the increase in the NSE level in animals of the control pathology group by an average of 52.1 and 38.2%. Thus, the results obtained indicate that when using ademol at a dose of 2 mg/kg i/v and amantadine sulfate (5 mg/kg i/v), powerful neurocytoprotective properties appear against the background of a model head injury. Moreover, the neuroprotective effect of ademol manifested itself more clearly, since in terms of the ability to prevent the increase in NSE levels, it significantly dominated the reference drug by an average of 22.5%.

ULTRASTRUCTURAL CHANGES OF WOUND MACROPHAGES UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF INTRAVENOUS OZONE THERAPY IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETES AND INFLAMMATORY PROCESSES OF SOFT TISSUES.

Investigation of ultrastructural peculiarities of morpho-functional changes of macrophages have been studied with the purpose of determining the dynamics and thrust of destructive-necrotic processes in these cells when the ischemic-gangrenous form of diabetic foot syndrome develops show what under the influence of intravenous ozone therapy stimulant effect on functional activity and beneficial effect on elimination, mainly due to genetically programmed cell death (apoptosis), playing a significant role in the regulatory mechanisms of the inflammatory process. The stimulation of macrophages functional activity under the influence of ozone, as well as the presence of destructive changes in such cells without necrotizing lesions, is explained by the inclusion of the mechanism of apoptosis as a positive factor in the regulation of local homeostasis at the completion of the inflammatory (exudative) stage of the wound process.

TREATMENT OF PYOINFLAMMATORY COMPLICATIONS WITH INDIVIDUALLY SELECTED OZONE DOSE IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETES.

The severity of purulent-inflammatory process in patients with diabetes mellitus is determined by lymphocytotoxic test. The test shows that application of intravenous ozone therapy with individually selected ozone dose significantly decreases the spread of necrotic suppurative focus already on the third day of treatment. Granulation tissue and marginal epithelization in the wound develops on the 6-8th day of hospitalization; normalization of glycemic levels shorten of the period of the hospital stay up to 3-5 days, compared to the control group.

PECULIAIRITIES OF MELATONIN EFFECT ON CHONORHYTMIC ORGANIZATION OF KIDNEY ACID-REGULATING FUNCTION INFLUENCED BY NITROGEN MONOXIDE SYNTHESIS BLOCKADE UNDER CONDITIONS OF PINEAL GLAND HYPOFUNCTION.

The objective of research is to study the peculiarities of melatonin effect on chronorhythmic organization of the kidney acid-regulating function influenced by nitrogen monoxide (NO) synthesis blockade under conditions of pineal gland (PG) hypofunction. The experiments were conducted on 72 mature non-linear albino male rats with their body mass 0,15-0,18 kg. The animals were kept under vivarium conditions at a stable temperature and air humidity fed on a standard dietary intake. The control group included animals (n=36) kept under conditions of usual light regimen (12.00С:12.00Т) during 7 days. The experimental group included animals (n=36) injected with N-nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA) in the dose of 20 mg/kg during 7 days under conditions of continuous light (12.00С:12.00С) and melatonin in the dose of 0,5 mg/kg during 7 days simultaneously. On the 8th day the animals were exposed to 5% water load with heated to room temperature water supplied and the parameters of the kidney acid-regulating function under conditions of forced diuresis were investigated. Kidney functions in the control animals are subordinated to accurate circadian organization. Daily rhythms of the parameters of kidney acid-regulating functions reflect similar changes of the renal processes. Chronorhythmic transformations of the kidney acid-regulating functions in animals with blocked NO synthesis against continuous light and parallel injection of melatonin enable to suggest that NO synthesis blockade under conditions of melatonin correction reduces daily mean pH level as compared to the control. Although, it was higher than that in the animals with blocked NO synthesis against the ground of physiological function of the pineal gland, and animals with PG hypofunction under conditions of NO synthesis blockadeю Therefore, under conditions of L-NNA blockade of NO synthesis and injection of melatonin influenced by PG hypofunction chronorhythmic transformations of architectonics and phase structure of rhythms of the majority of parameters of the kidney acid-regulating function were found, which is an important diagnostic sign of exertion of adaptive possibilities on the border of transmission of adaptation into disadaptation, were detected.

NEW METHOD OF TREATMENT OF PYOINFLAMMATORY SOFT TISSUE COMPLICATIONS IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS.

Our study evaluated the levels of peroxide oxidation of lipids, oxidative modification of proteins, antioxidant protection and dynamic changes in markers of toxicity in patients with diabetes mellitus and purulent-inflammatory complications. In total, 124 patients were enrolled in the study and were divided into two groups according the treatment methods. Study group consisted of 53 patients, who received intravenously ozonized saline in addition to conservative treatment. The control group consisted of 71 patients who received only conventional therapy. The study period was 6-15 days. The results showed that the use of ozone therapy is not accompanied by negative injury responses at the level of hemostasis parameters and blood biochemical characteristics. Furthermore, ozone therapy may have a favorable effect on treatment outcome in patients with purulent-inflammatory complications and daibetes mellitus.

EVALUATION OF THE USE OF OZONE THERAPY IN TREATMENT OF INFLAMMATORY PROCESSES IN DIABETES MELLITUS IN AN EXPERIMENT.

Studying the effect of ozone therapy on the course of pyoinflammatory processes with diabetes mellitus in the experiment, conducted on 30 white 24-30 month rats, weight 300-450 gr with purulent-inflammatory processes, it was found out that diabetes, which was simulated by subcutaneous injection of alloxan, causes mosaic disturbances of hemostasis system in the presence of pyoinflammatory processes. Complicated changes in blood condition were also detected against the background of diabetes mellitus: chronometric hypocoagulation on the intrinsic pathway of blood coagulation in association with chronometric hypercoagulation by the external thrombinogenesis mechanism and fibrinogenesis depression against the background of hypofibrinogenaemia. Thus, the use of ozone therapy in the presence of soft tissues abscesses in old rats with diabetes does not demonstrate significant protective properties with reduced azoalbumin lysis, total non-enzymatic fibrinolytic activity and proteinase activity by Kunitz in blood plasma. Such changes in old rats can be considered as an exacerbation of purulent inflammation, increase in toxicity, reduced protective properties, increase in manifestations of hypercoagulation against the background of chronic course of diabetes, caused by age-related changes.

SPECIFIC FEATURES OF CHRONORHYTH- MOLOGIC CHANGES OF THE ION-REGU- LATING FUNCTION OF THE KIDNEYS UN- DER THE HYPOFUNCTION OF THE PINEAL GLAND.

The paper investigates the specific features of chronorhythmologic changes of the ion-regulating function of the kidneys under the hypofunction of the pineal gland. For the study of hypofunction of the pineal gland, animals were maintained under constant light stimulation during 7 days. It has been established that the hypofunction epiphysis point out disturbances of the phasic structure of the ion-regulating function in relation to chronograms of the intact group of rats. In terms of physiological pinealectomy observed in- crease in the excretion of sodium ions (6,11±0,81 mmol/h) and the concentration of this cation in the blood plasma remained elevated around the clock. The obtained results indicate significant changes of integral characteristics of the rhythms of electrolyte metabolism and the important role of the pineal gland in ensuring physiological homeostasis.