Comparison of Lateral Tooth Volume and Morphology Between Buccally and Palatally Localised Unilateral Impacted Maxillary Canine Cases on Cone-Beam Computed Tomography.

ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to compare the lateral tooth volume and morphology differences between buccally and palatally localized unilateral impacted maxillary canine (IMC) patients with volumetric and linear measurements on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) records. CBCT records of 48 individuals with 24-buccally and 24-palatally localized unilateral IMCs were included to the study. The patients comprised 34 females, 14 males, with a mean age of 17.71 (±SD 6.63 years). This split-mouth, retrospective case-control, study consisted of buccally and palatally IMC group, and each group was categorized into 2 sub-groups as impacted and erupted side. Lateral tooth volume, tooth length, mesiodistal-buccolingual crown widths, mesiodistal- buccolingual root widths at cemento-enamel junction (CEJ), at 4 mm apical to CEJ, at 8 mm apical to CEJ, mesiodistal crown-root angle, arch perimeter measurements were performed on CBCT images. The data were analyzed by factorial design repeated measures ANOVA. Bonferroni test was used for post-hoc analysis. The total volume, mesiodistal - buccolingual crown widths, buccolingual root width of lateral incisor at CEJ were statistically smaller in palatally IMC group. The lateral incisor's length, and arch perimeter were statistically shorter, mesiodistal, buccolingual root widths at 8 mm apical to CEJ, and crown-root angle of the lateral were narrower on impacted side than erupted side. The volume and crown widths of lateral incisor are effective in sagittal localization of IMC. The shorter length, narrower apical root morphology and mesially inclined crown-root angle of lateral incisor are noteworthy on impacted sides, regardless of sagittal position of IMC.

Evaluation of the Efficacy of Different Cleaning Methods for Orthodontic Thermoplastic Retainers in terms of Bacterial Colonization.

OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the antimicrobial efficacy of three different cleaning methods on Streptococcus mutans (SM) and Lactobacillus (LB) bacteria colonization in vivo. The three different cleaning methods were applied by volunteers on clear vacuum formed retainers (VFRs). METHODS: In this prospective, cross-over study, a total of 21 volunteers were included. All VFRs used by the volunteers were cleaned using three different cleaning methods in a sequence. These methods were peroxide-based cleanser tablets (PBCTs) plus brushing, control (only brushing), and vinegar plus brushing, respectively. The obtained salivary, VFR material, and periodontal data were statistically compared by factorial design repeated measures analysis of variance. RESULTS: The SM and LB bacteria counts on VFRs after using both PBCTs and vinegar were statistically similar (p>0.05), but bacteria counts were statistically lower than the control method (p<0.01). There were no statistically significant differences between the SM and LB bacteria counts in saliva samples taken before and after the application of the cleaning methods (p>0.05). Similarly, there were no significant differences between periodontal data obtained from plaque and bleeding indices at all study times. The periodontal pocket depth gradually decreased in the successively performed cleaning applications (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: The application of PBCTs and vinegar to VFRs at sequential time intervals resulted in similar bacteria counts. The higher LB counts and similarly higher SM counts on the VFR samples indicate that mechanical cleaning only (control method) is not adequate to obtain hygiene. Salivary flora was not correlated with bacteria counts of VFRs.

Evaluation of the alignment efficiency of nickel-titanium and copper-nickel-titanium archwires in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment over a 12-week period: A single-center, randomized controlled clinical trial.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this trial was to compare the alignment efficiency and intermaxillary arch dimension changes of nickel-titanium (NiTi) or copper-nickel-titanium (CuNiTi) round archwires with increasing diameters applied sequentially to the mandibular arch. METHODS: The initial alignment phase of fixed orthodontic treatment with NiTi or CuNiTi round archwires was studied in a randomly allocated sample of 66 patients. The NiTi group comprised 26 women, 10 men, and the CuNiTi (27℃) group comprised 20 women, 10 men. The eligibility criteria were as follows: anterior mandibular crowding of minimum 6 mm according to Little's Irregularity Index (LII), treatment requiring no extraction of premolars, 12 to 18 years of age, permanent dentition, skeletal and dental Class I malocclusion. The main outcome measure was the alignment of the mandibular anterior dentition; the secondary outcome measure was the change in mandibular dental arch dimensions during 12 weeks. Simple randomization (allocation ratio 1:1) was used in this single-blind study. LII and mandibular arch dimensions were measured on three-dimensional digital dental models at 2-week intervals. RESULTS: No statistically significant difference was observed between NiTi and CuNiTi according to LII (p > 0.05). Intercanine and intermolar arch perimeters increased in the CuNiTi group (p < 0.001). Inter-first premolar width showed a statistically significant interaction in week × diameter × application (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The effects of NiTi and CuNiTi round archwires were similar in terms of their alignment efficiency. However, the intercanine and intermolar arch perimeters, and the inter-first premolar width changes differed between groups.

Comparison of the treatment effects of different rapid maxillary expansion devices on the maxilla and the mandible. Part 1: Evaluation of dentoalveolar changes.

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to compare the dentoalveolar treatment effects of 3 rapid maxillary expansion (RME) appliances, supported by different tissues, on the maxilla and the mandible. METHODS: Patients were assessed for eligibility, and those who met the requirements and agreed to participate were enrolled in the study. Participants were randomly allocated into 3 groups, depending on the type of expansion. The tooth-borne group (n = 16; ages, 12.63 ± 1.36 years) had RME with a tooth-borne appliance; the bone-borne group (n = 16; ages, 12.92 ± 1.07 years) had RME with a bone-borne appliance; and the hybrid group (n = 15; ages, 13.41 ± 0.88 years) had RME with hybrid appliances. Dentoalveolar effects were evaluated by digitally superimposed 3-dimensional scans of maxillary dental casts on a coordinate system and linear interdental width measurements of mandibular dental casts in the pretreatment, posttreatment, and postretention periods. For intragroup and intergroup comparisons, 1-way analysis of variance for repeated measures and multivariate analysis of variance were performed, respectively. RESULTS: Similar dentoalveolar treatment effects were achieved in all groups with the exception of a small amount of expansion on the right side in the bone-borne group. CONCLUSIONS: All 3 expanders led to the expansion of maxillary dentoalveolar structures with mild relapse. However, the amount of expansion of the bone-borne expander on the right side was statistically lower. Spontaneous interdental expansion was observed in the mandibular dentitions in all groups.

Ankylosed maxillary incisor with severe root resorption treated with a single-tooth dento-osseous osteotomy, vertical alveolar distraction osteogenesis, and mini-implant anchorage.

Dentoalveolar ankylosis interferes with the vertical growth of the alveolar process, which can lead to an open bite, an unesthetic smile, and occlusal disharmony. This case report presents a new treatment protocol for an ankylosed tooth with severe root resorption using a combined surgical orthodontic management protocol involving a single-tooth dento-osseous osteotomy and vertical alveolar distraction osteogenesis with intraoral elastics and mini-implant anchorage. After distraction and active orthodontic treatment, the patient's anterior open bite was corrected. A Class I dental relationship was achieved, overjet was decreased, and a normal incisor relationship was obtained.

Treatment effects of intrusion arches and mini-implant systems in deepbite patients.

INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this study was to compare the skeletal and dental effects of 2 intrusion systems involving mini-implants and the Connecticut intrusion arch in patients with deepbites. METHODS: The study sample consisted of 45 adults (26 women, 19 men) with deepbites. They were divided into 3 groups: 2 treatment groups and 1 untreated control group (15 subjects in each group). The Connecticut intrusion arch and the implant groups underwent maxillary incisor intrusion with Connecticut intrusion arches and a mini-implant system, respectively. During the 7-month study period, no other treatment was performed with the exception of maxillary incisor intrusion. RESULTS: The mean amounts of genuine intrusion were 2.20 mm (0.31 mm per month) in the Connecticut intrusion arch group and 2.47 mm (0.34 mm per month) in the implant group. No statistically significant differences were found in the extent of maxillary incisor intrusion between the 2 intrusion systems (P >0.05). Both systems led to protrusion and intrusion of the maxillary incisors (P <0.05), and protrusion and extrusion of the mandibular incisors (P <0.05). In the Connecticut intrusion arch group, the maxillary molars were extruded by moving the crown distally and the root mesially. The 2 intrusion systems were statistically different in the extent of alterations in the axial inclinations of the maxillary molars (P <0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Both the Connecticut intrusion arch and the mini-implant intrusion systems successfully intruded the 4 maxillary incisors. Although the movement of the maxillary molars led to the loss of sagittal and vertical anchorages during intrusion of the incisors in the Connecticut intrusion arch group, these anchorages were maintained in the implant and control groups.