Competition between Langmuir and upper-hybrid turbulence in a high-frequency-pumped ionosphere.

We show how the secondary escaping radiation, also known as stimulated electromagnetic emission (SEE), from the ionosphere irradiated by a high-intensity radio beam, can be used to study both reflection altitude ponderomotive parametric instabilities and upper-hybrid altitude thermal parametric instabilities. This has allowed us to observe the transfer of energy from smaller to higher sideband frequency offsets and to identify a new transient SEE feature.

[Theoretical possibilities of bivalvular prosthesis with moderate (28 degrees C) hypothermic protection]. / O printsipial'noi vozmozhnosti dvukhklapannogo protezirovaniia serdtsa v usloviiakh neglubokoi (28 gradusov C) gipotermicheskoi zashchity.

A method of bivalvular prosthesis of the heart without a perfusion is described. Operations were performed on 6 patients. One patient died. In 5 patients the aortomitral prosthesis was fulfilled, in one patient a mitral-tricuspid prosthesis was created. The article describes the technique of the operation and analyzes some anesthesiological aspects of maintaining a continuous occlusion of main vessels.