[Modifying effect of low-intensive electromagnetic radiation on the irradiated cells]. / Modifitsiruiushchee deistvie nizkointensivnogo élektromagnitnogo izlucheniia na obluchennye kletki.

The normalising effect of low-intensive electromagnetic radiation on the viability of cell culture of L929 line, irradiated with gamma-quantums of 137Cs in a wide dose range was demonstrated.

[The cytotoxic effect of heavy metals on an L-cell culture]. / Tsytotoksychnyi vplyv vazhkykh metaliv na kul'turu L-klityn.

The dependence of some parameters of L-cells culture viability on different concentrations of heavy metals was studied. Considerable cytotoxic effect of low concentrations of nickel (0.025 mcg/ml) and lead (0.05 mcg/ml) was shown. Copper and chrome at concentrations of 0.25-0.5 mcg/ml promote cells proliferation between third and fifth days of cultivation. Nickel at concentration 0.025 mcg/ml and lead at all investigated concentrations synchronize cells division in culture. Increasing of giant polynucleas cells level in culture was characteristic for investigated metals. The maximum levels of this type cells were caused by the action of nickel, chrome and copper.

[Protein phosphorylation and activity of insulin and epidermal growth factor receptors in liver plasma membranes of rats kept in the zone of the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power station]. / Fosforyliuvannia bilkiv i aktyvnist' retseptoriv insulinu ta epidermal'noho faktora rostu u plazmatychnykh membranakh pechinky shchuriv za umov zony vidchuzhdennia ChAES.

Disruption in transfer of regulatory signal from insulin and EGF receptors in liver plasma membrane of rats, their 3 generation being kept in the Chernobyl accident 30-km zone has been found. As in case with imbalance in hormone binding and receptor phosphorylation of insulin receptors in experimental diabetes mellitus, an increasing of insulin and EGF binding by appropriate receptors with simultaneous decrease of its protein kinase activity after ligand binding was shown in rats chronically irradiated in the 30-km accident zone.

[The reaction of rat blood plasma to gamma radiation studied by the use of laser photon-correlation spectroscopy]. / Issledovanie reaktsii plazmy krovi krys na gamma-izluchenie pri pomoshchi lazernoi foton-korreliatsionnoi spektroskopii.

Using the method of laser photon correlation spectroscopy it was shown that the typical pattern of distribution of blood plasma (BP) particles according to their sizes, characteristic of intact animals, was asymmetric with regard to a mean value. Gamma irradiation with sublethal doses was shown to change essentially the pattern of BP distribution. For instance, in BP of exposed animals, the number of particles of much smaller sizes increased as compared to that in intact animals. The smaller BP particle size was not the result of the direct effect of radiation on the blood. The in vitro irradiation of BP with various doses results usually in a considerable growth of particle sizes.

[The biological effects in animals related to the accident at the Chernobyl Atomic Electric Power Station. 1. The experimental model. The radiation loads on animals kept continuously under external and internal radiation exposure in the area of the Chernobyl Atomic Electric Power Station]. / Biologicheskie éffekty u zhivotnykh v sviazi s avariei na Chernobyl'skoi AES. Soobshchenie 1. Model' éksperimenta. Radiatsionnye nagruzki u zhivotnykh, postoianno nakhodivshikhsia v usloviiakh vneshnego i vnutrennego radiatsionnogo vozdeistviia v zone ChAES.

Irradiation conditions in which laboratory animals were kept in experimental laboratories of Chernobyl and Kiev after the accident at the Chernobyl A.P.S. are described. The data are presented on the spectral structural and activity of radionuclides in the diet as well as in the organs and tissues of the animals. The radiation loads have been estimated with regard to an external gamma component and the internal one contributed by the incorporated radionuclides. It has been shown that radiation doses received by the animals during their lifetime due to these contributions do not exceed units of cGy.

[The biological effects in animals related to the accident at the Chernobyl Atomic Electric Power Station. 2. The state of bone marrow hematopoiesis in rats]. / Biologicheskie éffekty u zhivotnykh v sviazi s avariei na Chernobyl'skoi AES. Soobshchenie 2. Sostoianie kostnomozgovogo krovetvoreniia u krys.

It has been shown that rats born during the first months after the Chernobyl A.P.S. disaster exhibit essential changes in the peripheral blood and bone marrow haemopoiesis throughout the entire lifetime. Rats brought up in Chernobyl from the age of three months on display even more pronounced changes. It is assumed that the changes in the haemopoiesis develop due to the continuous influence of low-level radiation of different quality and are attributed to the effect of the incorporated radionuclides.

[The biological effects in animals in relation to the accident at the Chernobyl Atomic Electric Power Station. 3. The morphological and ultrastructural changes in the lungs of rats]. / Biologicheskie éffekty u zhivotnykh v sviazi s avariei na Chernobyl'skoi AES. Soobshchenie 3. Morfologicheskie i ul'trastrukturnye izmeneniia legkikh krys.

The morphological and ultrastructural changes revealed in the lungs of rats kept within the Chernobyl accident zone during the period of 6 to 24 months were shown to be uniform and multicomponent. The changes were found both in the respiratory and the vascular connective tissue. The inflammatory processes occurred with formation of pneumonic foci, hypo- and disatelectasis, emphysematous changes, impairment of interalveolar septa, and connective tissue cell proliferation. In the lung tissue, focal and diffuse lymphoid proliferates and, at later stages, lymphomatous changes were revealed.

[The biological effects in animals in relation to the accident at the Chernobyl Atomic Electric Power Station. 5. Longevity and the carcinogenic effects]. / Biologicheskie éffekty u zhivotnykh v sviazi s avariei na Chernobyl'skoi AES. Soobshchenie 5. Prodolzhitel'nost' zhizni i kantserogennye éffekty.

Remote effects in laboratory animals living in conditions of exposure to a mixture of external and internal radiation resulted from the Chernobyl A.P.S. disaster have been investigated. It has been found that the rate of deaths from non-tumor illnesses grows, the incidence of neoplasms increases and their latency time decreases. The redistribution within the spectrum of benign and malignant tumors and the increase in the multiplicity coefficient have been revealed. It is concluded that chronic exposure of animals to low-level radiation from the radionuclides, resulted from the accident, brings about a much larger number of negative stochastic and nonstochastic remote effects as compared to those expected from the extrapolation of the effects produced by high radiation doses.

[The biological effects in animals related to the accident at the Chernobyl Atomic Electric Power Station. 6. The physiological development and cytogenetic indices of the progeny of rats]. / Biologicheskie éffekty u zhivotnykh v sviazi s avariei na Chernobyl'skoi AES. Soobshchenie 6. Fiziologicheskoe razvitie i tsitogeneticheskie pokazateli u potomstva krys.

Certain alterations have been revealed in the postnatal ontogenesis parameters of albino mongrel rats and their descendants constantly kept within the thirty-kilometer zone of the Chernobyl A.P.S. Structural disturbances have been found in bone marrow cell chromosomes.

[The biological effects in animals in relation to the accident at the Chernobyl Atomic Electric Power Station. 11. The ultrastructure of the bone marrow cells in different generations of rats]. / Biologicheskie éffekty u zhivotnykh v sviazi s avariei na Chernobyl'skoi AES. Soobshchenie 11. Ul'trastruktura kletok kostnogo mozga u raznykh pokolenii krys.

In studying the bone marrow cell ultrastructure in male rats (F0-F2 generations) aged 3 months, which were brought up within the thirty kilometer Chernobyl A.P.S. disaster area, considerable submicroscopic changes have been revealed in the cells at all stages of maturation, including undifferentiated blasts and mature forms of cells of the neutrophilic, eosinophilic, monocytic and erythroid haemopoiesis series, as well as stromal elements of the microenvironment, megakaryocytes and endothelium. The severity of these changes increases, as the number of generations grows, displaying frequently a destructive character.

[The biological effects in animals in relation to the accident at the Chernobyl Atomic Electric Power Station. 8. The status of cellular immunity in different generations of rats]. / Biologicheskie éffekty u zhivotnykh v sviazi s avariei na Chernobyl'skoi AES. Soobshchenie 8. Sostoianie keltochnogo immuniteta u raznykh pokolenii krys.

In studying immunity in laboratory rats of different generations (P, F1 and F2) brought up in Chernobyl in 1989-1990 the authors have revealed the development of leuko- and lymphopenia; decrease in the absolute content of immunocompetent cells bearing Fc receptors to IgG; stable and long-lasting suppression of blood NK cell activity; reduction of antibody-dependent cytotoxicity; and changed ability of blood lymphocytes to interact contactly with allogenic mast cells. The most considerable disorders have been found in 6- and 9-month-old F1 rats and in 3- and 6-month-old F2 rats.

[The biological effects in animals in relation to the accident at the Chernobyl Atomic Electric Power Station. 9. The morphofunctional indices of the immunocompetent organs in mice]. / Biologicheskie éffekty u zhivotnykh v sviazi s avariei na Chernobyl'skoi AES. Soobshchenie 9. Morfofunktsional'nye pokazateli nekotorykh immunokompetentnykh organov myshei.

The permanent action of small doses of low-intensity radiation on the immune status of 2.5-3.5 month CC57W mice has been investigated. Total doses of internal and external irradiation were about few cGy. The permanent action of low-level radiation on the experimental animals of the first and fourth generations was shown to change spleen and lymph nodes weights and the count of lymphocytes isolated from these organs. Cellularity and DNA synthesis in the lymph-node lymphocytes and their proliferative response to polyclonal mitogens also changed. The alterations in the parameters that characterized T-lymphocyte population were statistically significant.

[The biological effects in animals in relation to the accident at the Chernobyl Atomic Electric Power Station. 10. Cooperative immune reactions in different generations of mice]. / Biologicheskie éffekty u zhivotnykh v sviazi s avariei na Chernobyl'skoi AES. Soobshchenie 10. Kooperativnye immunnye reaktsii u razlichnykh pokolenii myshei.

The immune status of mice has been assessed by the whole complex of data. The permanent action of low-level radiation has been shown to suppress considerably the rate of reactions of the delayed-type hypersensitivity and "graft versus host" disease, as well as NK and specific cytolytic T-lymphocyte activity. The dynamics of accumulation and the levels of antiviral antibodies in the serum, lung and trachea extracts are virtually invariable. The resistance of experimental animals to influenza is lower than that of non-irradiated mice of the same line and age. The data obtained indicate that the immune disturbances revealed are connected not only with the alteration of lymphoid cell populations, but also with the alteration of the immune regulation mechanisms.

[The biological effects in animals related to the accident at the Chernobyl Atomic Electric Power Station. 4. The morphological and ultrastructural changes in the liver of rats]. / Biologicheskie éffekty u zhivotnykh v sviazi s avariei na Chernobyl'skoi AES. Soobshchenie 4. Morfologicheskie i ul'trastrukturnye izmeneniia pecheni krys.

A study was made of the morphological and ultrastructural changes in hepatic tissue of rats lived within the Chernobyl accident zone during the period of 6 to 25 months. Considerable nonspecific changes in hepatocytes (fatty, vacuolar and parenchymatous degeneration, and hepatocyte necrobiosis) were seen throughout the entire period of observation. Coagulation necrosis of certain hepatocytes, Kupffer and endothelial cells, and the development of microcholangiomas by the end of the second year were the most characteristic alterations.

[Circadian and seasonal rhythms in the radiosensitivity of mongrel white rats]. / Sutochnye i sezonnye ritmy radiochuvstvitel'nosti belykh besporodnykh krys.

From experiments in albino mongrel rats it is shown that the radiosensitivity of gamma-irradiated (60Co) animals follows a daily rhythm. A synchronization of the daily rhythms in radiosensitivity was noted in winter and during the first spring month which was impaired in April. Established were the rhythms of radiosensitivity for three seasons, i. e. winter, spring and summer, with the extremes in the dependence upon mean annual values varying significantly.

[Formation of a fast-neutron beam for radiobiological experiments on the U-240 isochronous cyclotron and a study of its dosimetric characteristics]. / Poluchenie puchka bystrykh neitronov dlia radiobiologicheskikh éksperimentov na izokhronnom tsiklotrone U-240 i issledovanie ego dozimetricheskikh kharakteristik.

The paper submits the description of the channel equipped for radiobiological experiments with fast neutrons at the isochronous cyclotron U-240. A study was made of some dosimetric characteristics of a mixed gamma-and-neutron beam.