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1.
Nutr Hosp ; 35(4): 874-880, 2018 Aug 02.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30070876

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: obesity has been associated with an increased risk of preeclampsia and gestational hypertension. OBJECTIVE: to determine if overweight and/or maternal obesity at the beginning of the pregnancy are associated with an increased risk of suffering from some hypertensive state of pregnancy in a population of southern Spain. METHODS: retrospective cohort study. We studied 4,711 cases where the IMC had been registered at the beginning of pregnancy. Two study groups were included: overweight/obesity at the beginning of the gestation. CONTROL GROUP: pregnant women with normal BMI at the beginning of gestation. Global risk of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) and the risk of gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, chronic hypertension and preeclampsia superimposed on chronic hypertension were evaluated. RESULTS: maternal overweight was associated with an increased risk of HDP (OR 2.04, 95% CI: 1.43-2.91) and an increased risk of gestational hypertension (OR 1.68, 95% CI: 1.03-2.72) and chronic HT (OR: 3.70, 95% CI: 1.67-8.18). Maternal obesity was associated with an increase in some HDP (OR 3.54, 95% CI: 2.65-4.73), gestational hypertension (OR 2.94, 95% CI: 2-4.33), chronic HT (OR 8.31, 95% CI: 4.23-16.42) and preeclampsia (OR 2.08, 95% CI: 1.12-3.87) In the multivariate analysis (adjusted for parity and maternal age), overweight was associated with an increased risk of gestational hypertension (OR: 1.74, 95% CI: 1.06-2.85), chronic HT (OR 3.76, 95% CI: 1.69-8.35) and preeclampsia (OR 2.12, 95% CI: 1.005-4.48); obesity also increased the risk of gestational hypertension (OR 2.40, 95% CI: 1.39-4.13), chronic hypertension (OR 17.96, 95% CI: 8.78-36.76) and preeclampsia (OR 3, 69; 95% CI: 1.64-8.27). CONCLUSIONS: in conclusion, a significant and independent association was found between maternal overweight/obesity and HDP. The risk is significantly higher as the BMI increases (from overweight to obesity grade 3).


Introducción: la obesidad se ha asociado a un riesgo aumentado de padecer preeclampsia e hipertensión arterial gestacional.Objetivos: determinar si el sobrepeso y/o la obesidad materna al inicio de la gestación se asocian a un incremento del riesgo de padecer algún estado hipertensivo del embarazo en una población del sur de España.Métodos: estudio de cohortes retrospectivo. Se estudiaron 4.711 casos en los cuales se había registrado el IMC al inicio de la gestación. Grupos de estudio: a) sobrepeso; y b) obesidad al inicio de la gestación (desglosada por tipo de obesidad). Grupo control: IMC normal al inicio de la gestación. Se calculó el riesgo de presentar estados hipertensivos del embarazo (EHE) en general, hipertensión arterial (HTA) gestacional, preeclampsia, HTA crónica y preeclampsia sobreañadida a HTA crónica.Resultados: el sobrepeso materno se asoció a un incremento del riesgo de padecer algún EHE (OR 2,04, IC 95%: 1,43-2,91) y a un incremento del riesgo de padecer HTA gestacional (OR 1,68, IC 95%: 1,03-2,72) e HTA crónica (OR: 3,70, IC 95%: 1,67-8,18). La obesidad materna se asoció a un incremento de padecer algún EHE (OR 3,54, IC 95% 2,65-4,73), HTA gestacional (OR 2,94, IC 95% 2-4,33), HTA crónica (OR 8,31, IC 95%: 4,23-16,42) y preeclampsia (OR 2,08, IC 95%: 1,12-3,87). En el análisis multivariante (ajustado por la paridad y edad materna), el sobrepeso se asoció a un riesgo aumentado de padecer HTA gestacional (OR:1,74, IC 95%: 1,06-2,85), HTA crónica (OR 3,76, IC 95% 1,69-8,35) y preeclampsia (OR 2,12, IC 95% 1,005-4,48); la obesidad también incrementó el riesgo de HTA gestacional (OR 2,40, IC 95% 1,39-4,13), HTA crónica (OR 17,96, IC 95% 8,78-36,76) y preeclampsia (OR 3,69, IC 95% 1,64-8,27). Conclusiones: el sobrepeso y la obesidad aumentan el riesgo de padecer EHE. El riesgo es significativamente mayor conforme se incrementa el IMC (desde sobrepeso a obesidad grado 3).


Assuntos
Hipertensão Induzida pela Gravidez/epidemiologia , Obesidade/epidemiologia , Sobrepeso/epidemiologia , Complicações Cardiovasculares na Gravidez/epidemiologia , Adulto , Índice de Massa Corporal , Feminino , Humanos , Pré-Eclâmpsia/epidemiologia , Gravidez , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Espanha/epidemiologia
2.
Nutr. hosp ; 35(4): 874-880, jul.-ago. 2018. graf, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-179880

RESUMO

Introducción: la obesidad se ha asociado a un riesgo aumentado de padecer preeclampsia e hipertensión arterial gestacional. Objetivos: determinar si el sobrepeso y/o la obesidad materna al inicio de la gestación se asocian a un incremento del riesgo de padecer algún estado hipertensivo del embarazo en una población del sur de España. Métodos: estudio de cohortes retrospectivo. Se estudiaron 4.711 casos en los cuales se había registrado el IMC al inicio de la gestación. Grupos de estudio: a) sobrepeso; y b) obesidad al inicio de la gestación (desglosada por tipo de obesidad). Grupo control: IMC normal al inicio de la gestación. Se calculó el riesgo de presentar estados hipertensivos del embarazo (EHE) en general, hipertensión arterial (HTA) gestacional, preeclampsia, HTA crónica y preeclampsia sobreañadida a HTA crónica. Resultados: el sobrepeso materno se asoció a un incremento del riesgo de padecer algún EHE (OR 2,04, IC 95%: 1,43-2,91) y a un incremento del riesgo de padecer HTA gestacional (OR 1,68, IC 95%: 1,03-2,72) e HTA crónica (OR: 3,70, IC 95%: 1,67-8,18). La obesidad materna se asoció a un incremento de padecer algún EHE (OR 3,54, IC 95% 2,65-4,73), HTA gestacional (OR 2,94, IC 95% 2-4,33), HTA crónica (OR 8,31, IC 95%: 4,23-16,42) y preeclampsia (OR 2,08, IC 95%: 1,12-3,87). En el análisis multivariante (ajustado por la paridad y edad materna), el sobrepeso se asoció a un riesgo aumentado de padecer HTA gestacional (OR:1,74, IC 95%: 1,06-2,85), HTA crónica (OR 3,76, IC 95% 1,69-8,35) y preeclampsia (OR 2,12, IC 95% 1,005-4,48); la obesidad también incrementó el riesgo de HTA gestacional (OR 2,40, IC 95% 1,39-4,13), HTA crónica (OR 17,96, IC 95% 8,78-36,76) y preeclampsia (OR 3,69, IC 95% 1,64-8,27). Conclusiones: el sobrepeso y la obesidad aumentan el riesgo de padecer EHE. El riesgo es significativamente mayor conforme se incrementa el IMC (desde sobrepeso a obesidad grado 3)


Introduction: obesity has been associated with an increased risk of preeclampsia and gestational hypertension. Objective: to determine if overweight and/or maternal obesity at the beginning of the pregnancy are associated with an increased risk of suffering from some hypertensive state of pregnancy in a population of southern Spain. Methods: retrospective cohort study. We studied 4,711 cases where the IMC had been registered at the beginning of pregnancy. Two study groups were included: overweight/obesity at the beginning of the gestation. Control group: pregnant women with normal BMI at the beginning of gestation. Global risk of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) and the risk of gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, chronic hypertension and preeclampsia superimposed on chronic hypertension were evaluated. Results: maternal overweight was associated with an increased risk of HDP (OR 2.04, 95% CI: 1.43-2.91) and an increased risk of gestational hypertension (OR 1.68, 95% CI: 1.03-2.72) and chronic HT (OR: 3.70, 95% CI: 1.67-8.18). Maternal obesity was associated with an increase in some HDP (OR 3.54, 95% CI: 2.65-4.73), gestational hypertension (OR 2.94, 95% CI: 2-4.33), chronic HT (OR 8.31, 95% CI: 4.23-16.42) and preeclampsia (OR 2.08, 95% CI: 1.12-3.87) In the multivariate analysis (adjusted for parity and maternal age), overweight was associated with an increased risk of gestational hypertension (OR: 1.74, 95% CI: 1.06-2.85), chronic HT (OR 3.76, 95% CI: 1.69-8.35) and preeclampsia (OR 2.12, 95% CI: 1.005-4.48); obesity also increased the risk of gestational hypertension (OR 2.40, 95% CI: 1.39-4.13), chronic hypertension (OR 17.96, 95% CI: 8.78-36.76) and preeclampsia (OR 3, 69; 95% CI: 1.64-8.27). Conclusions: in conclusion, a signifi cant and independent association was found between maternal overweight/obesity and HDP. The risk is signifi cantly higher as the BMI increases (from overweight to obesity grade 3)


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Gravidez , Adulto , Hipertensão Induzida pela Gravidez/epidemiologia , Obesidade/epidemiologia , Sobrepeso/epidemiologia , Complicações Cardiovasculares na Gravidez/epidemiologia , Índice de Massa Corporal , Pré-Eclâmpsia/epidemiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco
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