Resultados perinatales entre macrosomas hijos de madre diabética y macrosomas hijos de madre no diabética / Perinatal outcome of macrosomic infants born to diabetic versus non-diabetic mothers

Antecedentes y objetivo: Determinar la incidencia y las complicaciones perinatales de los recién nacidos macrosomas hijos de madre diabética y macrosomas hijos de madre no diabética. Pacientes y método: Estudio retrospectivo de 6 años de los macrosomas nacidos en nuestro hospital. Se encontraron 996 macrosomas. Se estudiaron características maternas, tipo de parto y resultados perinatales. Resultados: De 18.005 neonatos, 996 fueron macrosomas (5,53%), siendo 103 hijos de madre diabética (10,3%). La madres diabéticas tenían mayor paridad (1,89 vs. 1,35; p<0,000), porcentaje de cesáreas (52,4 vs. 31,1%; p<0,05), porcentaje de reanimación (5,8 vs. 1,8%; p<0,006; RR: 2,9; IC 95%: 1,42-5,9), mayor necesidad de ingreso hospitalario (19,4 vs. 9,6%; p<0,002; RR: 2; IC 95%: 1,3-3,2) y en cuidados intensivos (5,8 vs. 0,7%; p<0,000; RR: 5,3; IC 95%: 2,8-10); mayor cantidad de ingresos por hipoglucemia (7,8 vs. 1%; p<0,000; RR: 5; IC 95%: 2,8-8,3), ictericia (8,7 vs. 2,1%; p<0,000; RR: 3,1; IC 95%: 1,9-5,9), distrés respiratorio (4,9 vs. 1,3%; p<0,009; RR: 2,9; IC 95%: 1,4-6,7) y asfixia (2,9 vs. 0,4%; p<0,005; RR: 4,3; IC 95%: 1,8-11,1). No existieron diferencias en cuanto a traumatismos obstétricos. Conclusiones: Los recién nacidos macrosomas hijos de madre diabética tienen mayor riesgo de ingreso en el periodo neonatal, incluidos los ingresos por hipoglucemia, ictericia, asfixia, distrés respiratorio y mayor necesidad de cuidados intensivos. Los traumatismos obstétricos son similares (AU)

Objective: To assess the incidence and perinatal complications of macrosomic infants born to diabetic and non-diabetic mothers. Patients and methods: A six-year retrospective study of newborns at our hospital. A total of 996 macrosomic newborns were found. Maternal characteristics, mode of delivery, and perinatal outcomes were studied. Results: Of 18005 newborns, 996 were macrosomic infants (5.53%). Of these, 103 (10.3%) were born to diabetic mothers. Diabetic mothers had higher parity (1.89 vs. 1.35; P<0.000), cesarean section rate (52.4 vs. 31.1%; P<0.05), and resuscitation rate (5.8 vs. 1.8%; P<0.006; RR: 2.9; 95% CI: 1.42-5.9), and greater need for hospitalization (19.4 vs. 9.6%; p<0.002; RR: 2; 95% CI: 1.3-3.2) and intensive care (5.8 vs. 0.7%; P<0.000; RR: 5.3; 95% CI: 2.8-10) mostly for hypoglycemia (7.8 vs. 1%; P<0.000; RR: 5; 95% CI: 2.8-8.3), jaundice (8.7 vs. 2.1%; P<0.000; RR: 3.1; 95% CI: 1.9-5.9), respiratory distress (4.9 vs. 1.3%; P<0.009; RR: 2.9; 95% CI: 1.4-6.7), and asphyxia (2.9 vs. 0.4%; P<0.005; RR: 4.3; 95% CI: 1.8-11.1). No differences were found in birth trauma. Conclusions: Macrosomic infants born to diabetic mothers have an increased risk of hospital admission in the neonatal period for hypoglycemia, jaundice, respiratory distress, and asphyxia, and a greater need of intensive care. Obstetric trauma rates were similar in both groups (AU)

Perinatal outcome of macrosomic infants born to diabetic versus non-diabetic mothers. / Resultados perinatales entre macrosomas hijos de madre diabética y macrosomas hijos de madre no diabética.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the incidence and perinatal complications of macrosomic infants born to diabetic and non-diabetic mothers. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A six-year retrospective study of newborns at our hospital. A total of 996 macrosomic newborns were found. Maternal characteristics, mode of delivery, and perinatal outcomes were studied. RESULTS: Of 18005 newborns, 996 were macrosomic infants (5.53%). Of these, 103 (10.3%) were born to diabetic mothers. Diabetic mothers had higher parity (1.89 vs. 1.35; P<0.000), cesarean section rate (52.4 vs. 31.1%; P<0.05), and resuscitation rate (5.8 vs. 1.8%; P<0.006; RR: 2.9; 95% CI: 1.42-5.9), and greater need for hospitalization (19.4 vs. 9.6%; p<0.002; RR: 2; 95% CI: 1.3-3.2) and intensive care (5.8 vs. 0.7%; P<0.000; RR: 5.3; 95% CI: 2.8-10) mostly for hypoglycemia (7.8 vs. 1%; P<0.000; RR: 5; 95% CI: 2.8-8.3), jaundice (8.7 vs. 2.1%; P<0.000; RR: 3.1; 95% CI: 1.9-5.9), respiratory distress (4.9 vs. 1.3%; P<0.009; RR: 2.9; 95% CI: 1.4-6.7), and asphyxia (2.9 vs. 0.4%; P<0.005; RR: 4.3; 95% CI: 1.8-11.1). No differences were found in birth trauma. CONCLUSIONS: Macrosomic infants born to diabetic mothers have an increased risk of hospital admission in the neonatal period for hypoglycemia, jaundice, respiratory distress, and asphyxia, and a greater need of intensive care. Obstetric trauma rates were similar in both groups.