RESUMO
Objectives: This study assessed the effect of chlorhexidine (CHX) and isopropyl alcohol (IA) on immediate and late pushout bond strength (PBS) of fiber posts to dentin. Materials and Methods: In this in vitro study, 54 single-canal premolars were endodontically treated, and randomly assigned to 3 groups (N=18) for root dentin conditioning with distilled water (control), 2% CHX, and 70% IA after post space preparation. Fiber posts were cemented with TheraCem self-adhesive cement, and each group was subdivided into two subgroups (N=9) for PBS measurement immediately after bonding, and after 5000 thermal cycles (5-55°C). The roots were then sectioned, and their PBS was measured. The mode of failure was evaluated under a stereomicroscope at ×40 magnification. Data were analyzed by repeated measures ANOVA and Tukey's test (alpha=0.05). Results: The highest PBS was noted in the IA group (21.12 MPa) after 24 hours and the lowest PBS belonged to the control group after thermocycling (7.48 MPa). The immediate and post-thermocycling PBS were significantly lower in the control group than the CHX group (P<0.05). The PBS in both the control and CHX groups was lower than that in the IA group (P<0.001). Regardless of the type of detergent, a significant reduction in PBS was observed after thermocycling (P<0.003). The PBS significantly decreased from the cervical towards the apical region in all groups (P<0.001). Conclusion: According to the results, application of IA before the self-adhesive cement effectively improved the immediate and late PBS, and was significantly more effective than CHX.
RESUMO
OBJECTIVES: Oral candidiasis has increased in recent years because of the increasing number of high-risk populations. The prevalence of Candida species is different worldwide because of the difference between population characteristics, sampling protocols, and geographic regions. Therefore, determining the more prevalent Candida species in different geographic regions seems essential. This study aimed to determine the more prevalent Candida species in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients in comparison with healthy individuals in Iran in 2016. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty-one patients with AML and 62 healthy controls participated in this cross-sectional study. Samples were collected using a swab rubbed softly on the dorsal surface of the tongue and the oropharynx. The samples were cultured on CHROMagar Candida for 2 to 4 days. For differentiation between albicans and non-albicans species, positive samples were linearly inoculated on Corn Meal Agar with Tween-80. Candida species were identified using a microscope. Data were analyzed using chi-square and Fisher's exact tests. RESULTS: Candida colonization was more frequent in AML patients (41.2%) in comparison with healthy participants (38.7%). Candida glabrata (C. glabrata; 27.5%) and Candida albicans (C. albicans; 32.3%) were the most common isolated species in the AML patients and the controls, respectively. There was a significant decrease in the frequency of C. albicans (P=0.022) and a significant increase in the frequency of C. glabrata (P=0.002) in the AML patients in comparison with the controls. CONCLUSION: AML patients are more susceptible to candidiasis. C. glabrata is the dominant Candida species in AML patients.
