[The role of the "milk" factor in the transmission of Campylobacter infection]. / Izuchenie roli "molochnogo" faktora peredachi kampilobakterioznoi infektsii.

The epidemiological survey of the foci of campylobacteriosis confirmed the activity of the "milk" factor in the transmission of this enteric infection. The proliferation of Campylobacter in milk corresponded to the general regularities of the growth of bacterial population in the closed system. Most of the Campylobacter strains under study retained their viability in cooled boiled milk for a longer time.

[Current parameters of the epidemiological process in campylobacteriosis]. / Nekotorye sovremennye parametry épidemiologicheskogo protsessa kampilobakterioza.

Data on some parameters of the epidemic process of campylobacteriosis in the Ukraine are presented. Campylobacteriosis patients were found to constitute 1.9 +/- 0.095% of all examined patients with acute enteric infections (AEI). No statistically significant difference in the proportion of campylobacteriosis among child and adult AEI patients was established. The proportion of sick persons at the period of the spring-summer rise in morbidity was 71.5%. A definite relationship between the epizootic and epidemic processes in campylobacteriosis was noted. In the Ukraine the predominant infective agent was Campylobacter jejuni belonging mainly to serotype Lio and biotype 1. Quite frequently campylobacteriosis was found to be accompanied by mixed infections.

[The cytopathogenic activity of Campylobacter isolated from different sources]. / Tsitopatogennaia aktivnost' kampilobakterii, vydelennykh iz razlichnykh istochnikov.

The data on the cytopathogenic activity of campylobacteria isolated from different sources are presented. 84.7 % of the isolated campylobacteria have been shown to possess cytopathogenicity with respect to Hep-2 cell cultures. The greatest number of highly cytopathogenic strains (52.6 %) has been registered among clinical isolates of campylobacteria. At the same time 44.1 % of highly cytopathogenic strains have been isolated from chickens, which is indicative of the potential danger of poultry as the source of Campylobacter infection. In the course of the epidemiological surveillance of campylobacteriosis the determination of cytopathogenically active Campylobacter strains is necessary.

[The characteristics of the epidemiology of campylobacteriosis under modern conditions]. / Osobennosti épidemiologii kampilobakterioza v sovremennykh usloviiakh.

The results of the clinico-epidemiological study of campylobacteriosis in a concrete area (Kiev and the Kiev region) are presented. The proportion of campylobacteriosis cases was found to be 6.4% among patients hospitalized in connection with acute enteric infections. Hens were most frequently the source of human infection. Thus, at the local poultry farm the proportion of hens contaminated with bacteria of the genus Campylobacter was 44.8%. The possible routes of the spread of Campylobacter infection and the factors of its transmission were established. The most important element of the epidemiological marking of Campylobacter bacteria is the determination of their species and serotype.

[The antibiotic resistance of strains of Campylobacter of different origins]. / Izuchenie antibiotikorezistentnosti shtammov kampilobakterii razlichnogo proiskhozhdeniia.

Antibioticograms of different campylobacteria strains have been analyzed. It is shown possible to develop a system of epidemiological marking on this basis. With this purpose sensitivity of campylobacteria to gentamycin, canamycin, carbenicyllin, tetracylin and erythromycin has been studied. No statistical difference in the average markers of resistance in the studied groups of strains was observed. This permitted supposing that R-plasmids in "human" strains may be isolated not only from the human intestine microflora, but also from other sources (animals, birds, environmental objects) as well. There are found common R-spectra in different groups of strains (Gm Kb Tc Er; Kb and Kb Tc), which confirms the same infection source. The study of antibioticograms of campylobacteria which circulate among people, animals, birds and environmental objects permits revealing regularities of epidemic process in case of campylobacteriosis.

[The fatty acid composition of the total lipids in bacteria of the genus Campylobacter]. / Zhirnokislotnyi sostav summarnykh lipidov bakterii roda Campylobacter.

Composition of fatty acids of total lipids in home strains of campylobacteria has been studied. Lipids of all the strains of C. jejuni and C. coli mainly consist of saturated fatty acids (from 75.7 to 78.7%) with predominance of tetradecanoic and hexadecanoic fatty acids. The level of unsaturated fatty acids is considerably lower (from 21.0 to 22.5%); These acids are mainly presented by hexadecene acid. Qualitative composition of fatty acids of total lipids in C. jejuni and C. coli does not permit using it for differentiation within these species.

[The epidemiological and clinical characteristics of campylobacteriosis in Ukraine]. / Epidemiologicheskie i klinicheskie osobennosti kampilobakteroza v Ukraine.

Clinical course and epidemiological features of campylobacteriosis in Ukraine are described. The disease accounts for 11.2% of the total number of acute enteric infectious cases. Ratio of bacterial contamination of hens and their role in spread of campylobacteriosis have been established. Possible ways of transfer of the infection are discussed.

[Current methods for the laboratory diagnosis of campylobacteriosis]. / Sovremennye metody laboratornoi diagnostiki kampilobakterioza.

An analytical review of recent publications of home and foreign authors on the problem of laboratory diagnosis of campylobacteriosis is presented. The commercial nutrient media, methods of creation of the microaerophilic conditions for cultivation of campylobacter are presented. The filtration method is preferable for isolation of these agents from the studied material highly contaminated by accompanying microflora. A special attention is paid to immunodiagnosis of campylobacteriosis: agglutination reaction, coagglutination reaction, passive hemagglutination reaction, immunoenzyme and radioimmune analyses. Seroepidemiological examination of the staff at one of meat-packing factories in the Republic carried out by the method of indirect immunoenzyme analysis has revealed high levels of anticampylobacteriosis antibodies in 17.9% of examinees. The promising trends in perfection of the methods for laboratory diagnosis of campylobacteriosis are outlined.

[Echinococcosis in the Ukrainian SSR]. / Ekhinokokkoz v Ukrainskoi SSR.

Various types of echinococcosis foci were detected in the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic: steppe zone foci with sheep pattern circulation dominating, where invasion is transmitted according to scheme: sheep--dogs attached to flocks; forest lowland and forest-steppe zones with pig pattern of echinococcosis circulating, where invasion is transmitted according to scheme: pigs--dogs. In steppe zone foci cases of echinococcosis in humans are regularly recorded and a large stratum of seropositive subjects was revealed by the indirect hemagglutination and latex agglutination tests. In second type foci only single cases of human echinococcosis were observed and low seropositive stratum was detected. Complex of antiechinococcosis measures conforming to different foci types was developed.

[Activation of Rickettsiae prowazekii in the composition of immune complexes by antiglobulin serum]. / Aktivatsiia rikketsii provacheka v sostave immunnykh kompleksov antiglobulinovoi syvorotkoi.

The antiglobulin serum (AGS) against spotted fever immunoglobulin of guinea pigs was studied for its effect on the in vitro created immune complex rickettsiae + antibody in experiments using the procedure of laboratory cultivation of Rickettsiae prowazekii according to Weigl. The biological activity of the pathogen is shown to be restored under the action of AGS. This fact may be used for detecting the antigen + antibody complexes in case of the spotted fever and for studying their role in the relapsive forms of the disease.

[Circulation of the influenza virus on poultry-raising farms]. / Tsirkuliatsiia virusa grippa v ptitsevodcheskikh khoziaistvakh.

The results of examinations for immunity to influenza in chickens and the personnel handling them at the permanently observed farm are presented. Antibodies mainly to the same antigenic variants of human influenza viruses were found in chicken and human blood sera. Alongside with antihemagglutinins to influenza A (H3N2) virus strains, chicken in 1983-1984 were found to have antibodies to influenza B virus epidemically important in those years. Thus, in poultry farms human influenza viruses are introduced into poultry populations. The strains circulating among fowls may probably be potentially dangerous for man.

[Effect of florenal on reproduction of influenza virus]. / Vliianie florenalia na reproduktsiiu virusa grippa.

The antiviral, viricidal, and interferon-inducing activities of florenal (bisulphite derivative of 2-flourenylglyoxal) and its influence on RNA and protein synthesis were studied. The drug inhibited replication of A/WSN and A/Englang/42/72 influenza viruses in chick embryos infected with low doses of the viruses (10--1000 EID50), induced interferon production in cell culture and in chick embryos (16 and 32 units/ml, respectively) and showed viricidal activity in vitro. Florenal in concentrations 50 microgram/ml or higher reduced the level of RNA and protein synthesis both in non-infected and infected cells within the first 4--5 hours after its administration. It was not effective against influenza infection of white mice caused by A/England/42/72 virus.

[Study of the effect of rimantadine on the course of mixed viral-bacterial infection in albino mice]. / Izuchenie vliianiia rimantadina na techenie smeshannoi virusno-bakterial'noi infektsii belykh myshei.

The results of the study of rimantadine effectiveness in a viral-bacterial infection in white mice caused by a mixture of influenza A2 virus (10 LD50) and hemolytic streptococcus group A (350 million bacteria). The drug showed no prophylactic or therapeutic effect in the mixed infection, whereas in influenza infection in the animals which served as a positive control rimantadine had marked antiviral activity (P less than 0.001). It is assumed that the lack of the drug effectiveness against the mixed infection is due to the formation in the animals of virus-microbe complexes which are conducive to an increase of infectious virus titers and virus resistance to various treatments.