RESUMO
The present study to evaluated the effect of different thermal regimes on growth performance, oxidative stress, antioxidant enzymes, and immuno-biochemical responses of endangered golden mahseer, Tor putitora. A total of 144 healthy fingerlings were randomly distributed into four experimental groups (13 °C, 16 °C, 19 °C, 22 ± 0.5 °C) in triplicate rectangular fiberglass reinforced plastics tanks. The highest and lowest Growth rate, Specific growth rate, Daily growth index, Thermal growth coefficient, Viscera-somatic index, and Growth hormone were observed at 19 °C and 13 °C, respectively. The lowest SGR and VSI were observed at 22 °C. The feed conversion ratio was significantly higher in the control group (p < 0.05), whereas there was a significant decrease in all the treatment groups. The highest and lowest hepato-somatic index was observed at a temperature of 13 °C and 16 °C, respectively, while no significant (p > 0.05) impact of temperature regimes were observed on the length-weight relationship. Regarding hematological indices results, the hematocrit, hemoglobin, total erythrocyte count, and total leucocyte count were significantly higher at 13 °C, whereas the lowest was observed in all the treatment groups (p < 0.05). Higher myeloperoxidase activity and lysozyme activity were observed at 13 °C, whereas lowest at 22 °C. Anti-oxidant potential, SOD, and catalase (muscle) were significantly higher in the control group, whereas they gradually decreased with an increasing temperature. Catalase (liver) level was significantly higher at 22 °C. GST content was significantly higher at 22 °C compared to 13 °C, and GST content increased gradually with an increased temperature. The lipid peroxidation level in the liver and muscle was significantly higher at 22 °C and 13 °C, respectively. The present study concluded that the different phenotypic, antioxidative, and immuno-biochemical modulations of golden mahseer fingerlings in response to different temperature regimes could be used for better management and propagation.
Assuntos
Cyprinidae , Animais , Antioxidantes , Catalase , Contagem de Eritrócitos , Peroxidação de Lipídeos , TemperaturaRESUMO
The present investigation was conducted to estimate the acute toxicity of Thymus linearis plant extract, its effect on hemato-biochemical parameters and behavioural response in the golden mahseer (Tor putitora). The phytochemical composition present in T. linearis plant extrat were Alkaloids, Flavonoids, Phenols and Tannin. The fishes were subjected to eight different concentrations of T. linearis leaves extract (8.25, 8.50, 8.75, 9.00, 9.25, 9.50 and 9.75 mg/kg) and the control group without plant extract for 96-h LD50 study. The mortality was recorded every 24 h post-treatment. Minimum mortality was recorded in the 8.25 mg/kg, whereas 100% mortality was recorded in the 9.75 mg/kg T. linearis extract after 96-h periods. The LD50 was estimated by probit analysis, and the value of T. linearis at 96 h was found to be 8.71 mg/kg for golden mahseer. A non-lethal dose of 1/10th of 96-h LD50 value (0.87 mg/kg) was taken for the sublethal study. After 96 h, the red blood cell (RBC), white blood cell (WBC), haemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV) and blood glucose were measured. RBC (×106/mm3), Hb (%) and PCV (%) significantly decreased at 8.25, 8.50, 8.75, 9.00 mg/kg, but WBC and blood glucose significantly increase at 8.25, 8.50, 8.75, 9.00 mg/kg of T. linearis plant extract. The observations on behaviour response of golden mahseer were also recorded. In the present study, the acute toxicity of wild ajwain was more significant than short-term toxicity. The mortality rate was very high during the study period of T. linearis exposure.
