Quality of Life and Disability in Patients with Dhat Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Dhat syndrome (DS) is considered a culture-bound syndrome of South East Asia. It is often associated with multiple sexual and psychiatric comorbidities. We aimed to assess the quality of life (QoL) and disability in patients of DS with and without comorbidity. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 117 patients with DS and 117 matched controls. DS was diagnosed based on the International Classification of Diseases, 10 version, Diagnostic Criteria for Research diagnostic criteria. Comorbidities were assessed on MINI 6.0.0, and the patients were divided into two groups (with and without comorbidity). The QoL and disability were estimated and compared between patients with and without comorbidity and their respective control groups consisting of healthy volunteers, using standardized tools. Result: Most of the patients were unmarried males aged 18 to 25 years and from rural backgrounds. Most of the patients (72.64%) had comorbidities (psychiatric/sexual). The QoL of patients with DS was poor compared to healthy individuals. The QoL of patients with comorbidity was worse than that of those without them (P < o.ooo). The disability of patients with DS was more than that of healthy individuals (significant in all domains of the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule [WHODAS]). Conclusion: Patients having DS had poor QoL and higher disability than healthy controls. Patients having psychiatric or sexual comorbidities had less QoL and higher disability compared to healthy controls and those without comorbidities.

Duodenal Eosinophils and Mast Cells in Functional Dyspepsia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Case-Control Studies.

BACKGROUND & AIMS: This study explored the link between duodenal eosinophils and mast cells in patients with functional dyspepsia (FD). METHODS: MEDLINE (PubMed) and Embase electronic databases were searched until June 2021 for case-control studies reporting duodenal eosinophils and mast cells in FD. Pooled standardized mean difference (SMD), odds ratio, and 95% CIs of duodenal eosinophils and mast cells in FD patients and controls were calculated, using a random-effects model. RESULTS: Twenty-two case-control studies with 1108 FD patients and 893 controls were identified. Duodenal eosinophils (SMD, 1.29; 95% CI, 0.85-1.73; P = .0001) and mast cells (SMD, 2.11; 95% CI, 1.14-3.07; P = .0001) were increased in FD patients compared with controls. Substantial heterogeneity was found (I2 = 93.61, P = .0001; and I2 = 96.69, P = .0001, respectively) and visual inspection of funnel plots confirmed publication bias. Degranulation of duodenal eosinophils was significantly higher in FD patients compared with controls (odds ratio, 3.78; 95% CI, 6.76-4.48; P = .0001), without statistically significant heterogeneity. We conducted a sensitivity analysis for duodenal eosinophils, by including only high-quality studies, and the results remained unchanged (SMD, 1.73; 95% CI, 1.06-2.40; P = .0001), with substantial heterogeneity. Postinfectious FD patients had increased duodenal eosinophils compared with controls (SMD, 3.91; 95% CI, 1.32-6.51; P = .001) and FD patients without any history of infection (SMD, 1.42; 95% CI, 0.88-1.96; P = .001). Helicobacter pylori-negative FD patients had significantly higher duodenal eosinophils compared with controls (SMD, 3.98; 95% CI, 2.13-5.84; P = .0001), with substantial heterogeneity. No significant difference in duodenal eosinophils was seen according to FD subtypes. CONCLUSIONS: This meta-analysis suggests a link between duodenal microinflammation and FD. However, the quality of evidence is very low, largely owing to the unexplained heterogeneity and serious risk of publication bias in all comparative analyses. Thus, causality remains uncertain and further studies are required.

Predicting Prognosis of Psychosis in Huntington's Disease: Case Report and Review of Literature.

Huntington's disease (HD) is rare variant of progressive neurodegenerative disorder which follows an autosomal dominant pattern. Psychiatric comorbidities are not uncommon with HD. Mood disorder, cognitive disturbances, anxiety disorders, and psychosis are the psychiatric comorbidities reported with HD. We report here a case of HD, where psychosis developed during illness. Prognosis of psychosis in HD is emphasized in this report with review of literature.