RESUMO
BRAF V600E mutations are associated with 8-10% of metastatic colorectal cancers (mCRC) and carry a poor prognosis with limited therapeutic options. In contrast to metastatic melanoma, BRAF inhibition alone or in combination with mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) inhibitors has shown little utility in the treatment of BRAF V600E-mutant mCRC. This is secondary to upstream activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) pathway and other escape mechanisms. Combining RAF and MEK inhibitors with inhibition of the EGFR pathway through an anti-EGFR receptor antibody (cetuximab) led to the BEACON clinical trial (binimetinib, encorafenib and cetuximab). Trial patients had undergone at least one prior line of chemotherapy. The trial met all its endpoints and is now included in NCCN (National Comprehensive Cancer Network) guidelines. Herein we provide updates in treatment options for patients with BRAF V600E-mutant mCRC, focusing on the practice-changing BEACON-triplet regimen, the first chemotherapy-free combination regimen for mCRC. This combination is being explored frontline in the ANCHOR clinical trial.
