Comparison Of Soft Tissue Chin And Lower Lip Thickness In Adult Patients With Various Mandibular Divergence Patterns.

BACKGROUND: The influence of hard tissue discrepancies on soft tissue cannot be ignored. The divergence or angle of the mandible can influence the lower lip and chin (soft tissue), similar to the influence of incisors inclinations on the pro/ retrusion of the lips. Hence this study was carried out to find out the impact of mandibular divergence patterns on the contour and thickness of lower facial soft tissues. METHODS: Using the Lateral cephalograms of 105 subjects, Lip thickness was measured between the protruding endpoint of the maxillary incisors (U1) to the stomion point (St) and between the infra dentale (Id) and labrale inferius (Li). Soft tissue chin thickness was measured between the landmarks at hard tissue bony pogonion (Pog) to its opposite point on soft tissue (Pog'), hard tissue gnathion (Gn) to soft tissue gnathion (Gn') and hard tissue menton (Me) to its opposite point on ST menton (Me'). RESULTS: Lower lip thickness from Id-Li (infradentale labrale inferius) was greater in subjects with mandibular hyperdivergent pattern (p-value 0.097) while soft tissue chin thickness was decreased in hyperdivergent and increased in individuals with mandibular hypodivergence in both genders (p-value at gnathion was 0.596, menton was 0.023, and pogonion was 0.004, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Lower lip thickness was increased in the individuals with mandibular hyperdivergence measured from infradentale to labrale inferius. While increased soft tissue thickness was observed at points gnathion and menton in patients with mandibular hypodivergence with no obvious difference at pogonion point.

Use of Preoperative Submucosal Dexamethasone in Third Molar Surgery: A Step towards Improvement in Quality of Life.

BACKGROUND: Surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molaris one of the most common procedures performed by Oral surgeons globally. The objective of the study was to ascertain theefficacyof pre-operative administration of submucosal dexamethasone on post-operative sequelae insurgically extracted impactedmandibular third molar.It was adouble-blind randomized controlled clinical trialthat wasperformed inthe Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery at Abbottabad International Dental Hospital, Abbottabad from March 2019 to March 2020. METHODS: A total of 150 patientsweredivided into two groups,each having 75 patients. Group A received a placebo after administrationof local anesthesia whereas,group B received 4mg submucosaldexamethasone. A post-operative visit was scheduled after 48 hours to evaluate pain, facial swelling,and Trismus. RESULTS: On the second postoperative day, the patients in the experimental group presented with significantly reduced pain, facial swelling,and trismus in comparison to the control group. CONCLUSION: Pre-operativeadministration of 4mg dexamethasone through the submucosal route is efficacious inthe reduction of post-operative pain, swelling,and trismus in mandibular third molarsurgerythus enabling the patient to return to daily life activities earlier.