RESUMO
The search for new prognostic and stratification genetic and epigenetic markers in neuroblastoma is an urgent problem in pediatric oncology. The review summarizes recent progress in studying the expression of genes involved in p53â¯pathway regulation in neuroblastoma. Several markers associated with recurrence risk and poor outcome are considered. Among them are MYCN amplification, high MDM2â¯and GSTP1â¯expression and homozygous mutant allele variant of GSTP1â¯gene A313G polymorphism. Prognostic criteria for neuroblastoma based on the analysis of miR-34a, miR-137, miR-380-5p, and miR-885-5p expression involved in regulating p53-mediated pathway are also considered. The authors' research data on the role of the above markers in regulation of this pathway in neuroblastoma are presented. The study of alterations in expression of microRNAs and genes involved in p53â¯pathway regulation will not only expand our understanding of the mechanisms of neuroblastoma pathogenesis but could substantiate new approaches for delineating risk groups and risk stratification of neuroblastoma patients as well as treatment optimization based on the genetic characteristics of the tumor.
