RESUMO
Gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors are rare neoplasms. Currently, incidence of gastric neuroendocrine tumors (gNETs) is being significantly increased. There are 3 groups of gNETs: types I, II and III. Each type has important features regarding clinical picture, prognosis and treatment strategy. Type I is the most common (70-80%) and associated with chronic atrophic gastritis including autoimmune gastritis and Helicobacter associated atrophic gastritis. Type II (5-6%) is associated with multiple endocrine neoplasia type I and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (MEN I - ZES). Both types are characterized by hypergastrinemia and small tumor dimension. These neoplasms are multiple and mostly benign. On the contrary, NETs type III (10-15%) is not associated with hypergastrinemia and represented by single large neoplasms. Tumors are malignant as a rule. Therefore, surgical resection and chemotherapy are preferred for these tumors. Endoscopic surgery followed by observation is acceptable for almost all NETS type I and II. At the same time, this approach is advisable only for small and highly differentiated neoplasms type III.
Assuntos
Tumores Neuroendócrinos/classificação , Tumores Neuroendócrinos/cirurgia , Neoplasias Gástricas/classificação , Neoplasias Gástricas/cirurgia , Gastrite Atrófica/complicações , Gastrite Atrófica/cirurgia , Humanos , Neoplasia Endócrina Múltipla Tipo 1/complicações , Neoplasia Endócrina Múltipla Tipo 1/cirurgia , Tumores Neuroendócrinos/complicações , Prognóstico , Neoplasias Gástricas/complicações , Síndrome de Zollinger-Ellison/complicações , Síndrome de Zollinger-Ellison/cirurgiaRESUMO
Literature data devoted to transplantation of Langerhans cells have been analyzed. The main stages, indications, dissection of islets, immunosuppressive therapy, complications and data of the latest clinical trials were discussed.