[Cognitive disorders in adolescents with multiple sclerosis: problem and methods].

A possible approach to evaluation of mild cognitive deficits in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) is provided in the article. The results of the approbation of authors' experimental technique for studying cross-modal interactions that was carried out in healthy adolescents and MS patients are presented. Perspectives of its using in further research and some preliminary data on deficits in cross-modal syntheses in adolescents with MS are discussed. The role of impairment of interactions between different cognitive functions in the development of cognitive deficit is emphasized.

[Development of cognitive functions in children with multiple sclerosis: criteria for assessment of current state and prognosis of further development].

The results of neuropsychological and clinical examination of 29 children and adolescents with multiple sclerosis were analyzed. Specifics of cognitive development of patients at the early onset of disease and association between neuropsychological and MRI data as well as peculiarities of disease course were found. The authors emphasized the possibility of using neuropsychological diagnostics in the early stage of disease for prognostic purposes and assessment of treatment efficacy.

[Megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts (van der Knaap disease)].

A history of the discovery, hypotheses of the pathogenesis, neuromorphologic data, clinical appearances, differential diagnostics and an own description of a single case of rare hereditary children leukoencephalopathy, with megalencephaly, changes of myelin structure and formation of subcortical cysts are presented. Taking into account non-specific clinical appearances of this disease and difficulties of genetic analysis, a priority role of MRI-diagnostics revealing typical signs of the disease is emphasized.