[COVID-19-associated anosmia]. / COVID-19-assotsiirovannaya anosmiya.

The article is a systematic review of the literature data summarizes to date on the issue of COVID-19-associated anosmia. We mainly used full-text and abstract electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science). The paper discusses hypothetical mechanisms of development, clinical features, as well as methods of diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19-associated anosmia.

[Oxidation-reduction potential of tissues of the oral mucosal wound surface under the photodynamic action]. / Okislitel'no-vosstanovitel'nyi potentsial tkanei ranevoi poverkhnosti slizistoi obolochki polosti rta pri fotodinamicheskom vozdeistvii.

The purpose of the study was to examine the condition of the pro-antioxidant balance of the homogenates of tissues of the oral mucosal wound surface in vivo experiment under the photodynamic action of combined two-wave radiation to eliminate its damaging effect on the structures of cell membranes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: On the mucous membrane of the cheeks of sexually mature female autocrats of Wistar rats (n=72) experimental models of wound surfaces with a diameter of 3 mm were formed. The animals were divided into groups: control (n=36) and experimental (n=36). In the experimental group, a single photodynamic exposure was carried out for the 1st postoperative day with a sequential combined light radiation at two wavelengths (660 nm and 405 nm) with a total dose of 15 J/cm2. Wound management was carried out traditionally in the control group of animals. The observation periods were 3, 7 and 14 days. RESULTS: Macroscopic examination of the wound surface indicated complete epithelialization of the wound on the 7th day in the experimental group of animals and on the 14th day in the control group. Significant and sharp decline in free-radical oxidation processes (Imax, S, Z index) intensity was recorded in the experimental animals at earlier periods in comparison with the initial data and control results, when analyzing the results of studies of homogenates of animal tissues. A similar pattern was observed in the evaluation of lipid peroxidation products, especially in the early days of observations. The reported results were supported by the activation of antioxidant enzymes in the experimental group compared to control data and baseline data. CONCLUSION: Thus, a combined photodynamic action using two wavelengths with a combined dose of 15 J/cm2 provides safety and low invasiveness for use on the oral mucous membrane and, may be used to stimulate regeneration of the wound surface, which requires further experimental testing.

A case report of Ramsay Hunt syndrome in a patient with HIV treated by dual-wavelength photodynamic therapy.

In this paper we report on the application of dual-wavelength photodynamic therapy with a topical chlorin-based photosensitizer for treatment of Ramsay Hunt syndrome in a patient with HIV. Traditional treatment approach (combination of acyclovir and a glucocorticosteroid) failed to provide a significant outcome, while photodynamic therapy resulted in fast positive dynamics. No recurrence was observed in a 5-month-long follow-up.

[Decreased collagen stability as a response to the loss of structural integrity of thyroid cartilage].

The thermal behavior, birefringence properties, and the biochemical composition of thyroid cartilage tissues have been studied. The hyaline cartilage, which was visualized as a quasi-isotropic medium, was composed of type II collagen, which did not denature at temperatures up to 100 degrees C. However, in hyaline cartilage digested by trypsin, the denaturation of collagen occured at 60 degrees C. Collagen fibers in the perichondrium were composed of type I and II collagen and formed a highly organized anisotropic structure (birefringence about 4.75 x 10(-3)) with a melting temperature of about 65 degrees C. The temperature of collagen denaturation in perichondrium in the whole system perichondrium-hyaline cartilage increased up to 75 degrees C, indicating the immobilization of perichondrium collagen by the extracellular matrix of the hyaline constituent.