[Role of modern diet therapy in the prevention of visceral complications in patients with dietary obesity]. / Rol' svoevremennoi dietoterapii v preduprezhdenii oslozhnenii so storony vnutrennikh organov u bol'nykh alimentarnym ozhireniem.

The examination and treatment of 547 patients with alimentary obesity revealed in them significant impairments of myocardial contractility, manifest hemodynamic disorders (in 65.5% of patients), marked changes in lipid metabolism (hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, hyperlipacidemia, hyperlipoproteinemia type IIa in 26,5%, type IIb in 14,5%, type IV in 32,5% of patients), as well as reduced activity of the T-immunity system, all these changes being prerequisites for the development of atherosclerosis, ischemic heart disease and essential hypertension. During examination of the patients' liver, fatty hepatosis was detected in 91.4%, chronic nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in 14% of patients, manifest shifts were found in their bile biochemical composition, leading to the development of cholelithiasis. The incretory dysfunction of the pancreas led to carbohydrate imbalance in 43%, and to diabetes mellitus in 7.5% of patients. Under the effect of the treatment (diet, exercise therapy, oxygenotherapy, hydrotherapy) conducted in the alimentary obesity patients, lessening of the pathologic process was observed in the heart, liver and pancreas, their functions being significantly improved. It has been concluded that normalization of the body weight in obese subjects is a measure preventing atherosclerosis, ischemic heart disease, essential hypertension, fatty hepatosis, steatohepatitis, cholelithiasis and diabetes mellitus.

[Dynamics of changes in the lipid composition of bile in patients with alimentary obesity during treatment]. / Dinamika izmenenii lipidnogo sostava zhelchi u bol'nykh alimentarnym ozhireniem pod vliianiem lecheniia.

In the bile of patients with alimentary obesity, the content of primary (cholic) bile acids is reduced, that of secondary (deoxycholic) acids is increased, and the quota of glycine-bound cholates is lowered. This points to the distress of the cholate-synthesizing, glyco-conjugating, and hydroxylating function of liver cells. In addition, the bile of obese persons is characterized by a low content of free fatty acids associated with an increase in the amount of total lipids, glycerides, and phospholipids. The treatment of obesity by the subcaloric diet and graded physical exercise brings about positive changes in the content of cholic and deoxycholic acids in the bile and gives rise to the enhanced excretion of all lipid fractions, cholesterol in particular, with the bile to the intestine, thereby raising the bile lithogenic potential.

[Effects of diet therapy on protein, lipid and carbohydrate metabolism in patients with alimentary obesity]. / Vliianie dietoterapii na obmen belkov, zhirov i uglevodov u bol'nykh alimentarnym ozhireniem.

Lipid, protein and carbohydrate metabolism was studied in patients with alimentary obesity as was the effect on that metabolism of the diets containing horseflesh and beef. The majority of the obese patients showed an increased content of all lipid fractions (phospholipids, cholesterol, free fatty acids, triglycerides), of very low and low density lipids, and a reduced content of high density lipoproteins. Normolipoproteinemia was only ascertained in 26.6% of the patients. Hyperlipoproteinemia (HLP) Ila was detected in 26.6% of the patients. HLP Ilb in 14.5 and HLP IV in 32,3 of the patients. Disorders of the glucose tolerance test (GTT) were revealed in 24% of the patients. Of these, 10% had low curves of the GTT, 6.5% questionable, and 7.5% of the patients manifested diabetic curves. In addition, all the patients had an increased basal level of immunoreactive insulin. Hyperproteinemia was discovered in 61.7, hypoalbuminemia in 74.9, and dysglobulinemia in 50 to 86% of the patients. Apart from an appreciable reduction of the excess body weight, the dietetic management produced the normalization and improvement of the indicators under study in the overwhelming majority of the patients. It should be noted that a more noticeable effect was attained after the dietetic management with the use of horseflesh.

[Effect of diet therapy using horse meat on liver function of patients with metabolic-alimentary obesity]. / Vliianie dietoterapii s primeneniem koniny na funktsional'noe sostoianie pecheni u bol'nykh obmenno-alimentarnym ozhireniem.

The data are provided for the first time about the use of the national food, horse meat, in dietetic management of patients with metabolic-alimentary obesity. Horse meat is characterized by low caloricity, considerable content of full-value protein with an optimally balanced amino acid composition, high content of essential polyunsaturated fatty acids, vitamins, mineral substances. Dietetic management with the use of horse meat, a product that possesses lipotropic and choleretic properties, made in possible to reduce markedly the patients' body mass, with the reduction amounting to 54% of the excess body weight. Furthermore, such a management led to a considerable improvement of liver function. The research data permit the authors to recommend the inclusion of horse meat, a product having a high biological value, into the diets of patients suffering from metabolic-alimentary obesity.