Highly stable and antifungal properties on the oilseed rape of Cu3(MoO4)2(OH)2 nanoflakes prepared by simple aqueous precipitation.

In the last few decades, nanoparticles have been a prominent topic in various fields, particularly in agriculture, due to their unique physicochemical properties. Herein, molybdenum copper lindgrenite Cu3(MoO4)2(OH)2 (CM) nanoflakes (NFs) are synthesized by a one-step reaction involving α-MoO3 and CuCO3⋅Cu(OH)2⋅xH2O solution at low temperature for large scale industrial production and developed as an effective antifungal agent for the oilseed rape. This synthetic method demonstrates great potential for industrial applications. Infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) results reveal that CM samples exhibit a pure monoclinic structure. TG and DSC results show the thermal stable properties. It can undergo a phase transition form copper molybdate (Cu3Mo2O9) at about 300 °C. Then Cu3Mo2O9 nanoparticles decompose into at CuO and MoO3 at 791 °C. The morphology of CM powder is mainly composed of uniformly distributed parallelogram-shaped nanoflakes with an average thickness of about 30 nm. Moreover, the binding energy of CM NFs is measured to be 2.8 eV. To assess the antifungal properties of these materials, both laboratory and outdoor experiments are conducted. In the pour plate test, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of CM NFs against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (S. sclerotiorum) is determined to be 100 ppm, and the zone of inhibiting S. sclerotiorum is 14 mm. When the concentration is above 100 nm, the change rate of the hyphae circle slows down a little and begins to decrease until to 200 ppm. According to the aforementioned findings, the antifungal effects of a nano CM NFs solution are assessed at different concentrations (0 ppm (clear water), 40 ppm, and 80 ppm) on the growth of oilseed rape in an outdoor setting. The results indicate that the application of CM NFs led to significant inhibition of S. sclerotiorum. Specifically, when the nano CM solution was sprayed once at the initial flowering stage at a concentration of 80 ppm, S. sclerotiorum growth was inhibited by approximately 34%. Similarly, when the solution was sprayed once at the initial flowering stage and once at the rape pod stage, using a concentration of 40 ppm, a similar level of inhibition was achieved. These outcomes show that CM NFs possess the ability to bind with more metal ions due to their larger specific surface area. Additionally, their semiconductor physical properties enable the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Therefore, CM NFs hold great potential for widespread application in antifungal products.

A Comparative Study of Latanoprost and Timolol in Treating Patients With Glaucoma or Ocular Hypertension / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE： To confirm the efficacy and safety of latanoprost in treating glaucoma.METHODS： In a double blind， randomized control clinical trial， we compared the efficacy and adverse drug reactions of once daily topically applied 0.005％ latanoprost with those of twice daily 0.5％ timolol for 12 weeks in patients with open angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension.RESULTS： The study included 46 patients（22 pts.randomized to latanoprost treatment， 24 pts.to timolol） ， 46 patients remained at the end of the study.Comparing with baseline diurnal intraocular pressure（IOP） ， the IOP reduction（mean±standard deviation） achieved with latanoprost（7.86±2.39） mmHg， （31.1％， P<0.001），and timolol（6.24±2.58）mmHg （24.9%，P<0.001），the difference between the two groups（1.62mmHg） being significant（P<0.01）. Two patients treated with latanoprost had foreign body sensation. No other ocular and systemic adverse reactions related to the two drugs were found. CONCLUSION: The results of this study demonstrated that 0.005% latanoprost applied once daily is well tolerated and more effective in reducing IOP than 0.5% timolol applied twice daily. Thus, latanoprost has the potential for becoming one of the ideal antiglaucoma drugs.

The clinical results of a new type of phaco tip：MicroTip / 中华实验眼科杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate the methods of reducing eye injury in phacoemulsification．MethodsPhacoemulsification with intraocular lens（IOL）implantation was performed on 98 cases（98 eyes）of cataract using a new type of phaco tip（MicroTip）with high vaccum and low energy．All the nuclei was harder than Grade Ⅳ．Postoperative visual acuity and eye injury were observed，including corneal edema，anterior chamber in flammation，intraocular pressure，IOL position and retinal condition．ResultsPostoperative visual acuity is 0.5 or better in all cases，1.0 ? or better in 28 cases（28.6％）．The complication during operation，such as anterior chamber hemorrhage，posterior capsule rupture and vitreous loss，did not occur．Postoperative complications were very slight．Two eyes（2％）suffered mild corneal edema that lasted no more than a week．No other complications were found．ConclusionMicroTip is a kind of safe and effective facility for phacoemusification，with which we can reduce the eye injury，especially dealing with the hard nuclei．

The characteristic of vernier acuity on age-related macular degeneration patients / 中华眼底病杂志

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristic of vernier acuity in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) patients. Methods The vernier acuity test soft wear system was developed to detect the 23 cases (39 eyes) of AMD patients. Tweenty-one eyes were atrophic type and 17 eyes were exudative type. Two fixed targets and a movable target are shown on the computer screen. The examinee was asked to adjust the position of the central target and the relationship between it and align them by using a track ball. The computer automatically recorded the deviations of distances between the movable target and the specific one, and then computed and analysed the results of average threshold and variance. Results Both the atrophic and exudative AMD had higher vernier acuity threshold and its variance than normal subjects, and the differences were significant (P

EGCG inhibit rabbit lens epithelial cell growth by regulating PKB phosphorylation / 中国病理生理杂志

AIM: To explore the role of PI3K /PKB pathway in the growth inhibition effect of rabbit lens epithelial cells (LECs) induced by (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG). METHODS: Rabbit LECs were obtained by tissue culture; MTT colormetric assay was used to study growth of LECs; Western blotting was used to study the kinsae phosphorylation- and nonphosphorylation- level of PKB. RESULTS: (1) When LECs were preincubated with 25, 50 ?mol/L LY294002 for 1 h, 50 ?mol/L EGCG had little influence on the proliferation of LECs. It showed significant inhibition when EGCG increased to 100, 200 ?mol/L ( P