[The virological safety and bacterial sterility of a method for fractionating blood plasma proteins with rivanol]. / Izuchenie virusologicheskoi bezopasnosti i bakterial'noi steril'nosti metoda fraktsionirovaniia belkov plazmy krovi s rivanolom.

The bacterial and virological safety of the method of rivanol fractionation of blood plasma proteins has been evaluated in experiments with samples of donor blood plasma mixed with the suspension of viruses and Escherichia coli used as models. The bacteriostatic action of rivanol and the elimination of bacteriophage and influenza virus from the end product at the stages of rivanol precipitation and adsorption on carbon have been established.

[Leukocyte glycosaminoglycans in various forms of myelo- and lymphoproliferative blood diseases]. / Glikozaminoglikany leikotsitov pri raznykh formakh mielo- i limfoproliferativnykh zabolevanii sistemy krovi.

The level and composition of glycosaminoglycans (GAG) were studied in leukocytes of healthy donors and patients with different forms of leukemia. GAG level was found to increase in chronic myeloproliferative disorders. This parameter was far below the norm in most cases of acute leukemia. An evaluation of GAG profile established a relationship between cell GAG level variation, the type of proliferating cells and leukemic transformation. Peculiarities of GAG profile in myeloid and lymphoid cells were identified. It was shown that a study of GAG in leukocytes of leukemic patients may contribute to identification of blast elements and differential diagnosis between leukemia types.

[Patterns of Gd- allele distribution in ethnic groups of the Soviet Union]. / Zakonomernosti rasprostraneniia allelei Gd- v nekotorykh étnicheskikh gruppakh Sovetskogo Soiuza.

The rate and the spectrum of Gd- alleles have been determined in representative groups of schoolchildren and students from three populations (Russians, Ashkenazi Jews and Azerbaijhanians). The Gd- frequency is 0,36% in Russians (Kostroma region). 0.91% in Ashkenazi (Gomel region), these being 10.5% in Azerbaijhanians (Sheki region) and 3.6% for Kobi settlement of Apsheron region. G6PD-deficiency in Russians is represented by family forms, while in Ashkenazi it is II class alleles Kirovograd and Zhitomir and in Azerbaijhanians--a wide spectrum of II and III class alleles. Genetic factors involved in Gd- spectrum formation in these three populations are discussed.

[Glycosaminoglycans in leukocytes in myeloproliferative disorders]. / Glikozaminoglikany leikotsitov pri mieloproliferativnykh zabolevaniiakh.

Content and composition of glycosaminoglycans (GAG) was studied in leukocytes of 30 healthy persons and of patients with different types of myeloproliferative disorders: 32 patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), 10 patients with polycythemia vera (PV), 5 patients with idiopathic myeloid fibrosis (IMF) and 10 patients with acute myelo blast leukemia (AML). The total content of GAG in healthy persons was 97.7 +/- 3.9 micrograms of uronic acid per 100 mg of dry cells, in CML and IMF it was 2-4-fold increased, in PV it was elevated by 20%, in AML it was diminished 3-5-fold. The elevated level of GAG in CML and IMF was due to presence of basophils and considerable quantity of immature cell forms: promyelocytes and myelocytes. In these cells changes in GAGs composition and their properties were shown: an increase of chondroitins deficient in sulfate groups and of heparan sulfate content, especially in basophils. The observed changes in GAG content and composition may be important for biological activity of the leukemic cells.

[Gd- allele distribution patterns in Azerbaijan. III. The identification of mutant forms of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase]. / Zakononmernosti raspredelemiia allelei Gd- v Azerbaidzhane. Soobschenie III. Identifikatsiia mutantnykh form gliukozo-6-fosfatdegidrogenazy.

In 28 families with G6PD deficiency living in 3 settlements of Shekii district of Azerbaijan 11 G6PD variants of II and III classes differing by kinetic properties were identified according WHO program. 9 of them are characterized with the same electrophoretic mobility. Comparison of G6PD spectra in two subpopulations and in a mixed group permits to make a conclusion about existence of common and rare G6PD alleles in examined population. They distribute by gene drift supported by natural selection. Among 7 samples of G6PD with normal and increased activity two new variants of IV class -- Nukha and Bash-Kungut -- were found.

[Genetic heterogeneity of G6PD deficiency: mutant alleles of G6PD in the Shekii district of Azerbaijan]. / Geneticheskaia geterogennost' G6FD-nedostatochnosti: issledovanie mutantnykh allelei G6FD v Shekinskom raione Azerbaidzhanskoi SSR.

Examination on G6PD deficiency in 349 patients of Shekii district hospital (Azerbaijan) revealed 16 hemi-, 4 homo- and 9 heterozygotic carriers of the defect. Gd- frequency, calculated from the data obtained (7.7%), may be compared to neighbouring regions' frequencies (6-30%). Carriers of G6PD deficiency are residents of 11 villages located in Alasani-Aphtalan valley, highly endemic with malaria in the past; nearly all marriages are endogamic. Physico-chemical and kinetic study of 10 mutant forms of G6PD, according to WHO program, led to identification of 5 variants of the II class (Shekii, Bideiz, Shirin-Bulakh, Okhut I and Zakataly) and 2 variants of the III class (Okhut II and Martinique-like). Resemblance of the majority of variants in electrophoretic mobility and the level of erythrocyte enzyme activity permit to suggest the existence of a common parental mutant G6PD allele distributed in this area.

[New variant of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD "Kaluga") from erythrocytes of a patient with chronic nonspherocytic hemolytic anemia]. / Opisanie novogo varianta gliukozo-6-fosfatdegidrogenazy eritrotsitov (G-6-FD "Kaluga"), soprovozhdaiushchegosia khronicheskoi nesferotsitarnoi gemoliticheskoi anemiei

Properties of a new form of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) from erythrocytes, called "Kaluga", are described. The enzyme was isolated from erythrocytes of a patient with chronic non-spherocytic hemolytic anemia; in the blood cells 20% of the G6PD activity was maintained as compared with normal state. The partially purified enzyme was shown to be unstable in electrophoresis, it possessed a biphase type of pH-optima; Km value for NADP was decreased for glucose-6-phosphate Km value was normal. The thermostability of G6PD was normal at 46 within 1 hr.

[Characteristics of two new mutant forms of erythrocyte glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase: "Kirovograd" G6PD and "Zhitomir" G6PD]. / Kharakteristika dvukh novykh mutantnykh form gliukozo-6-fosfatdegidrogenazy éritrotsitov: G6PD "Kirovograf" i G6PD "Zhitomir"

The paper comprises the description of properties of three mutant forms of glucoso-6-phosphate dehydrogenase characterized according the WHO program. Preparations of the enzymes were isolated from erythrocytes of patients with G6PD deficiency from three unrelated to one another Ashkenasi families coming from the Ukraine and from Byelorussia. Two new variants of G6PD hitherto never described in the literature were discovered. These variants were designated as "Kirovograd" and "Zhitomir" after the towns the probands came from. The properties of purified enzymes revealed by the methods of the WHO program were as follows: the variant "Kirovograd" has a normal electrophoretic mobility in tris and TEB buffers and 98% of the normal in phosphate buffer. KM for G6P is 6,54; KM for NADP--2,19. It is characterized by a reduced thermostability and by an acute peak of activity at pH 8,5. The variant "Zhitomir" has 90-98% of the normal electrophoretic mobility in TEB buffer and 78-84% in phosphate buffer. KM for G6P is 5,4-8,3. KM for NADP is 1,4-3,1; with deoxyG6P is 50% and with deaminoNADP is 35%. It is also characterized with a reduced thermostability, while the curve of the dependence of its activity on pH has two peaks. Both variants are perfectly inactive with erythrocytes and thus should be assigned to the second group of the mutants variants of G6PD. The comparison of these variants to other variants encountered in the same national group revealed that they resemble certain quantitative variations.

[Description of new mutant forms of erythrocyte glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in man]. / Opisanie novykh mutantnykh form gliukoze-6-fosfatdegidrogenazy éritrotsitov u cheloveka

9 variants of human erythrocyte glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) were isolated from erythrocytes of patients with G6PD deficiency and partially purified according to WHO program for stanartization of methods for studying G6PD. The results of physico-chemical study of these enzymes (determination of electrophoretic mobility, kappaM for G6P and NADP, pH optimum and thermostability) permit tu consider 5 of them to be new mutations of G6PD previously not described in literature. The observed high geterogeneity of variants of G6PD in Azerbaijan is discussed.