[Potential of using inertial sensors in high level sports].

The article thoroughly covers development of wireless inertial sensors technology in medicine. The authors describe main criteria of diagnostic value of inertial sensors, advantages and prospects of using these systems in sports medicine, in comparison with other conventional methods of biomechanical examination in sports medicine. The results obtained necessitate further development of this approach, specifically creation of algorithms and methods of biomechanic examination of highly qualified athletes in high achievements sports.

[Extracorporeal shock wave therapy in athletes with degenerative and dystrophic disorders of locomotory system].

Degenerative and dystrophic changes of joints and ligaments are among the most prevalent disorders in professional athletes. Specification of a complex system for these diseases is an important task in sports medicine. Extracorporeal shock wave therapy is a modern and highly effective method of rehabilitation.

[Phezam efficacy in patients with chronic cerebral ischemic disease].

The efficacy of combined medication which comprised compounds with nootropic (piracetam) and vasoactive (cinnarisin) effects, was studied in patients with cerebral blood flow insufficiency. The main inclusion criterion was a diagnosis of chronic brain ischemia (CI). The study consisted of two stages: (1) a randomized comparative trial in neurological clinic (60 patients) and (2) estimation of the drug efficacy in routine practice (60 patients). The clinical examination was accompanied by neuropsychological tasks, kinetic tests and ultrasound investigation of brain vessels. At the first stage, a positive neurological and neuropsychological dynamics was found after 8 weeks of phezam treatment. Also a statistically significant positive dynamics was observed for a number of blood flow velocity parameters in the middle brain artery. In routine medical practice, a positive effect of phezam was seen after 2 months of the treatment for all but CI main symptoms and confirmed by the data of kinetic investigation. The patients reported good tolerability and convenience of the drug intake (one capsule instead of two tablets of nootropic and vasoactive drugs).

[Diurnal dynamics of urinary excretion of potassium during one- and two-shift work]. / Sutochnaia dinamika ékskretsii kaliia s mochoi pri odno- i dvukhsmennoi rabote.

Four groups of constructive and industry workers--men aged 19-20--were examined. Group 1 and 3 subjects (10 subjects in each group) worked for 1 or 2 years, respectively, in the day shift only. Group 2 (5 subjects) and 4 (10 subjects) subjects worked for 1 or 2 years, respectively, in the day and night shifts, with the shift alternating every week. The day shift was from 8.00 a.m. to 5.00 p.m. and the night shift was from 5.00 p.m. to 1.00 a.m. The test subjects were examined in a hospital on the day following the working week. Group 1, 3 and 4 subjects were examined once (Group 4 after the night shift), and Group 2 subjects twice (after the day and night shifts). Urine was collected every odd hour with a two-hour interval from 7.00 a.m. to 7.00 a.m. of the next day. The day shift in both groups was accompanied by an early increase in potassium excretion. The shift transition was attended by a change of the daily maximum toward later hours. As compared to the one-shift work, the two-shift work increased the amplitude of the diurnal potassium excretion. This can be considered as a stressful effect of the two-shift work. This effect was very distinct after a week of the day-shift work. Therefore, when assessing the physiological effects of the two-shift work, with respect to daily variations in renal potassium excretion, it is necessary to carry out pertinent examinations after the day-shift work.

[Effect of double-shift work on the circadian dynamics of rate of heart contraction]. / Vliianie dvukhsmennoi raboty na sutochnuiu dinamiku chastoty serdechnykh sokrashchenii.

Circadian variations of the heart rate of 58 male workers, aged 18-21, were investigated. The builders were from different geographical areas and their work record at the construction site was 2 months, 1 or 2 years. Some of the test subjects worked only in the daytime (8 a.m. to 5 p.m.) and others worked in two shifts (day and night-5 p.m. to 1 a.m.), with the two shifts alternating weekly. Physical examinations were performed next day after the working week (those who worked in two shifts were as a rule examined after night shift). Heart rate was determined from ECGs (recorded in the II standard lead at 2-hour intervals during 24 hours; at night electrode fixation naturally disturbed the test subjects). The builders whose work record was 2 months showed an inverted heart rate: normal increase in the daytime and decrease at night was reversed and night values were greater than daytime values. This can be considered as a manifestation of anxiety due to an early change in the social, geographical and everyday environment. The builders whose work record was 1 or 2 years did not show such changes. The workers who worked in two shifts showed larger amplitudes in the circadian rhythm of heart rate, irrespective of their work record. This can be regarded as a manifestation of stress due to the night shift or continuous changes from one shift to the other.

[Effect of shift work on the circadian dynamics of body temperature]. / Vliianie smennogo truda na sutochnuiu dinamiku temparatury tela.

Two groups of building and manufacturing workers--men of 19-20 years old with a work record of 1 year--were examined. The test subjects of the first group (10 subjects) worked throughout the year during the morning shift only, and the test subjects of the second group (5 subjects) during two shifts (one week--morning shift, another--evening shift). The morning shift was from 8.00 a.m. to 5.00 p.m. and the evening shift from 5.00 p.m. to 1.00 a.m. The test subjects were examined as follows: 1st group subjects once, and 2nd group subjects twice--the first time after one week of the morning shift and the second time after one week of the evening shift. Diurnal variations in the rectal, sublingual and axillary temperatures were recorded continuously, beginning with 7.00 a.m. at 2 h intervals. During the two-shift work the shape of diurnal curves of body temperatures depended on the preceding shift; therefore, they showed rises at certain working hours. The morning-to-evening shift transition was accompanied by an increase in the amplitude of the daily rhythm of the three temperatures (on an average by 0.21 degrees C; P less than 0.05 after White). Unlike the one-shift work, the two-shift work was characterized by a change in the daily temperature minima to the right by 2-4 h. The amplitude and phase changes are viewed as a result of the stressogenic effect of the shift work.