[Peculiarities of treatment with antidepressants in patients with schizoaffective disorder in the interictal period]. / Osobennosti terapii antidepressantami bol'nykh shizoaffektivnym rasstroistvom v mezhpristupnom periode.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of therapy with various classes of antidepressants on the quality of remission and adherence to therapy in patients with schizoaffective disorder (SAD) in remission. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We examined 87 outpatients, including 29 men (33.33%), 58 women (66.67%) diagnosed with SAD according to ICD-10 criteria (item F25), in whom 341 cases of remission were studied. The average age of the patients was 41.40±12.56 years. Cases of remission in patients receiving therapy with nonselective monoamine reuptake inhibitors (NSMRIs) were included in group 1 (n=228), cases of remission formed on therapy with selective neuronal reuptake inhibitors (SNRI) were included in group 2 (n=113). Clinical follow-up and statistical methods were used. RESULTS: In both groups, mood disorders in remission were represented by subdepression. Delusional disorders at the stage of remission were almost 7 times more common in group 1 (12.28%), compared with group 2 (1.77%). The duration of the interictal period in patients treated with NSMRIs was higher (504.0±60.67 days) compared with patients receiving SNRI (176.46±17.88 days). In group 2, residual affective-delusional symptoms in remission were significantly less common. Cases of refusal from therapy in group 2 were 12 times less frequent, which indicates a greater adherence to therapy in patients receiving SNRI. CONCLUSION: It is possible to recommend treatment with NSMRIs for patients with depressive affect in the structure of SAD to increase the duration of the interictal period. At the same time, for patients with SAD in the presence of delusional and affective-delusional symptoms, it is preferable to prescribe SNRI.

[The trial of the efficacy and safety of sequential therapy with Mexidol forte 250 in acute and early recovery stages of hemispheric ischemic stroke]. / Issledovanie effektivnosti i bezopasnosti lekarstvennogo preparata Meksidol FORTE 250 v ramkakh posledovatel'noi terapii u patsientov s polusharnym ishemicheskim insul'tom v ostrom i rannem vosstanovitel'nom periodakh.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of sequential therapy with mexidol (solution for intravenous and intramuscular injections) and mexidol forte 250 (coated tablets) in acute and early recovery stages of hemispheric ischemic stroke. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The changes in scores on the modified Rankin Scale (mRs) (primary endpoint), the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), the Bartel Index (BI), the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCa), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), the EuroQol Quality of Lifes Scale ( EQ-5D) were assessed in the end of treatment (secondary endpoint). RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Prolonged and sequential therapy with mexidol at the dose 500 mg daily during 14 days (saturation phase) and mexidol forte 250 at the dose of 250 mg three times a day during 60 days (maximum therapeutic effect) provides additional opportunities for a more complete recovery in acute and early recovery stages of hemispheric ischemic stroke (increases quality of life, improves movement and cognitive functions).

[Depression and it's treatment in patients with schizoaffective disorder]. / Depressiia i ee lechenie u bol'nykh s shizoaffektivnym rasstroistvom.

AIM: To study the influence of depression on the quality of remission in patients with schizoaffective disorder (SAD) and develop recommendations for anti-relapse therapy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Eighty-nine outpatients with the diagnosis of SAD were examined, in whom 348 remission cases were studied. In accordance with the characteristics of the episodes, the patients were divided into 2 main groups: patients with only depressive manifestations (group 1) and patients with affective disorders of both poles (group 2). Clinical-psychopathological, clinical-anamnestic, clinical-follow-up and statistical methods were used. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The type of SAD did not have a significant effect on the duration of remission and the duration of subsequent hospitalization. Patients of group 2 had residual symptoms in remission almost 2 times less often and the level of affective-delusional disorders in this group was higher compared to group 1. In both groups, affective symptoms are represented by subdepression. Patients without residual symptoms had a longer remission compared to patients with subdepression. Subdepressive disorders are associated with lower treatment adherence. Prescribing anti-relapse treatment of SAD, one should consider not only the current state and features of the last episode, but also the features of previous episodes. Patients with depressive episodes are characterized by subdepressive residual symptoms in remission. For patients with different variants of affective disorders in SAD, emotional disorders in remission are as specific as elements of affective-delusional disorders. Anti-relapse therapy should include neuroleptics and normothymics. In case of residual depressive symptoms, the authors recommend the addition of antidepressants.

Nanocontainer-Based Active Systems: From Self-Healing Coatings to Thermal Energy Storage.

We highlight the development of nanocontainer-based active materials started in 2006 at the Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces under the supervision of Prof. Helmuth Möhwald. The active materials encapsulated in the nanocontainers with controlled shell permeability have been first applied for self-healing coatings with controlled release of the corrosion inhibitor. The nanocontainers have been added to the paint formulation matrix at 5-10 wt % concentration, which resulted in attaining a coating-autonomous self-healing ability. This research idea has attracted the attention of many scientists around the world (>1500 publications during the last 10 years) and has already been transferred to the commercialization level. The current trend in nanocontainer-based active systems is devoted to the multifunctionality of the capsules which can combine self-healing, antibacterial, thermal, and other functionalities into one host matrix. This article summarizes the previous research done in the area of nanocontainer-based active materials together with future perspectives of capsule-based materials with antifouling or thermoregulating activity.

Nanoencapsulation of phase change materials for advanced thermal energy storage systems.

Phase change materials (PCMs) allow the storage of large amounts of latent heat during phase transition. They have the potential to both increase the efficiency of renewable energies such as solar power through storage of excess energy, which can be used at times of peak demand; and to reduce overall energy demand through passive thermal regulation. 198.3 million tons of oil equivalent were used in the EU in 2013 for heating. However, bulk PCMs are not suitable for use without prior encapsulation. Encapsulation in a shell material provides benefits such as protection of the PCM from the external environment and increased specific surface area to improve heat transfer. This review highlights techniques for the encapsulation of both organic and inorganic PCMs, paying particular attention to nanoencapsulation (capsules with sizes <1 µm). We also provide insight on future research, which should focus on (i) the development of multifunctional shell materials to improve lifespan and thermal properties and (ii) advanced mass manufacturing techniques for the economically viable production of PCM capsules, making it possible to utilize waste heat in intelligent passive thermal regulation systems, employing controlled, "on demand" energy release/uptake.

[CLINICAL CASE OF DIROFILARIASIS.]

The paper describes a case of the rare localization of a pregnant Dirofilaria female in a man's genitalia. Patient T born in 1973 was infected in the Krasnoyarsk Territory presumably in the summer of 2012. A migratory mass appeared under the skin of the chest at the beginning of 2016. A dense mass was located beneath the skin in the penis by early April. Histological specimens from the removed tumor, entered the specialized Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory for parasitic diseases. The specimens exhibited transverse and oblique sections of Dirofilaria spp. The body cavity contained nematodes - multiple microfilariae. However, routine studies and PCR could not reveal the microfilariae in the blood.

[Differentiated approach to the therapy of endogenous anxious depression].

The paper presents a study devoted to endogenous depression with a pronounced element of anxiety. The subjects, 66 patients, received antidepresive therapy with either amitriptyline or remeron. The study lasted 6 months, during which the symptoms were assessed using Hamilton Depression and Anxiety Scales. Three variants of anxious depressive conditions were revealed: anxious melancholic, anxious hypochondriac and anxious adynamic ones. Amitriptyline proved to be more efficient in treatment of patients with anxious melancholic depression. No difference in time to and the degree of symptom reduction was observed between amitriptyline and remeron in patients with anxious adynamic depression. Remeron proved to be more efficient in patients with anxious hypochondriac depression.

[Ten-year experience of the postgraduate education for general practitioners]. / Desiatiletnii opyt organizatsii obucheniia vrachei terapevticheskogo profilia v internature.

The article summarizes a 10-year experience of teaching general practitioners in internship. Different kind of teaching in the 1-year term was described as well as given questionnaire design results of internists to be. Intership organization development was considered in the article, it will help the work of general practitioners to be more effective.

[The effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors on left ventricular hypertrophy in patients with chronic glomerulonephritis and pronounced kidney failure]. / Vliianie ingibitorov angiotenzinprevrashchaiushchego fermenta na gipertrofiiu levogo zheludochka serdtsa u bol'nykh khronicheskim glomerulonefritom s vyrazhennoi pochechnoi nedostatochnost'iu.

This study compared the effects of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors captopril versus enalapril on left ventricular (LV) muscle mass and LV systolic and diastolic function in 58 patients with primary glomerulonephritis and moderate chronic renal failure. The design was a 6-8 week titration phase and 6-month maintenance phase. Mean myocardial mass calculated by M-mode echocardiography in the captopril group was 153 +/- 26 g/m2 before, and 130 +/- 14 g/m2 after 6 months of treatment, in enalapril group 147 +/- 22 g/m2 before, and 126 +/- 23 g/m2 after 6 months of treatment (p < 0.05). LV ejection fraction, early and late transmitral flow velocities and early to late LV inflow velocities ratio were not significantly affected by both ACE inhibitors.

[Significance of the studies of urinary syndrome in clinical practice]. / Znachenie izucheniia mochevogo sindroma v klinicheskoi praktike.

The study of urinary sediment is essential in laboratory diagnosis. Conventional clinical methods are now used in line with computer-aided techniques and additional microscopy of the sediment elements. The paper provides a brief analysis of clinical situations characterized by appearance in the urine of abnormal numbers of leukocytes, erythrocytes, casts; provides clinical assessment of additional microscopic methods able to accentuate qualitative characteristics of the urinary syndrome; considers possibilities of application of the urinary sediment data in follow-up to improve diagnosis and control on-going treatment.

[Clinical characteristics of depression in women in forensic- psychiatric practice]. / Klinicheskie osobennosti depressii u zhenshchin v sudebno- psikhiatricheskoi praktike.

A study has been carried out of the post-delivery and involutional depressive states through an analysis of 121 case reports of women with psychogenic depressions, who had committed severe crimes and were under the stationary forensic psychiatric investigation at the Serbsky All-Union Research Institute for General and Forensic Psychiatry. The data have shown that during the post-delivery and involutional periods and under some objectively hard and subjectively valuable psychogenic traumatic conditions, women may develop depressive psychoses which are accompanied by pathologically altruistic motivations for socially dangerous actions that are usually directed towards children, grandchildren and close relatives. The neurosis-like phase in the development of such states was discovered, promoting prevention of crimes in the described population of patients.

[Hydrolysis of acetals and approach to the modeling mechanism of reactions involving lysozyme]. / Gidroliz atsetalei i podkhod k modelirovaniiu fermentativnoi reaktsii s uchastiem lizotsima.

Using quantum chemistry CNDO/2 method the mechanism of reaction of polysaccharides with lysozyme was investigated. The molecule of acetal (H3C-O-CH2-O-CH3) was taken as the simplest substrate model. In the framework of the simple model the influence of interaction of the substrate with Glu-35 and Asp-52 on activation of the substrate is described. It is essential that for the maximum activation of the bond broken the optimum (but not the most energetically advantageous) arrangement of Glu-35 should be realized. The optimum arrangement of the amino acid residues of the enzyme should also be realized for the liberation of the groups which took part in the reaction, only one degree of freedom being actual in this process, and the motion of the system occurs along this degree of freedom. It was shown that substrate distortion could cause its activation.