RESUMO
The objectives of this randomized controlled trial (RCT) were to compare the mean duration of hospital stay and mean time to relieve severe pneumonia signs and symptoms with or without zinc supplementation in hospitalized young children. This RCT was conducted from Oct 2011 to Mar 2012. in the paediatric department, PGM/Lahore General Hospital. Three hundred children (150 in each group) were randomly allocated to two groups: group A received zinc syrup (20 mg/day q 12 hourly) till discharge and group B received placebo syrup. This in addition to the antibiotic treatment. Data for severe pneumonia signs and symptoms i.e. oxygen saturation, respiratory rate, temperature and chest indrawing were recorded. The mean age of participants was 16.65+4.23 months in Group-A and15.96+5.11 months in Group-B. We found that the mean duration to relieve severe pneumonia signs and symptoms was 44.62+2.56 hours in Group-A and 48.73+3.124 hours in Group-B (p-value 0.023).Duration of hospital stay was 128.31+3.71 hours in Group-A and 137.67+2.56 in Group-B (p-value 0.001). We conclude that zinc supplementation for the treatment of children with pneumonia is an effective therapy along with standard treatment.
RESUMO
CONTEXT: Rosacea is a chronic cutaneous inflammatory disorder with variable presentations. Although primarily considered a skin disease, rosacea may involve the eyes in a significant number of patients leading to ocular complications. It has been recognized that many patients of ocular rosacea in dermatological outpatient department (OPD) go unnoticed as the physicians don't ask about eye symptoms. Same holds true in ophthalmic OPD's where the doctors usually don't consider this diagnosis. The diagnosis of ocular rosacea primarily relies on observation of ophthalmic clinical features but it can be easily missed if accompanying cutaneous features are subtle or inconsistent. The subject diagnosis if not diagnosed and treated promptly, may cause varying degrees of ocular morbidity and may impair vision secondary to corneal involvement. OBJECTIVE: To review published literature and provide an overview on different pathophysiologic mechanisms of ocular rosacea and clinical features required for its diagnosis. As well as to highlight various treatment modalities available for ocular rosacea. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In our study Medline and Google Scholar were the key search engines to find literature using keywords like epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical features, management and complications of ocular rosacea.
