[Activity dynamics of proteinases and glycosidases of fish chymus with exposure in fresh and brackish water].

Activity of proteinases of the content of intestines (chymus) of the benthos-eater Carassius carassius fed different diets during prolonged exposure to water is studied. In the process of exposure of the chymus to water, the activity of proteinases decreases. Activity of glycosidases may increase, maximally during the first three days of exposure. This phenomenon suggests the important role of enzymes of the enteral microflora in processes of destruction of proteinaceous and carbohydrate components of the suspension and especially of organic detritus.

[Effect of culture conditions on growth and adhesion of Bacillus licheniformis]. / Rost and adgeziia Bacillus licheniformis v zavisimosti ot uslovii kul'tivirovaniia.

Adhesion to glass of actively growing cells of the thermophilic Bacillus licheniformis, isolated from the Medyaginskaya test borehole (Yaroslavl' oblast), was studied. The reversible adhesion (RA) manifests itself in a decline of cell density (short of cell lysis) in the liquid culture over the first 20-40 min of growth followed by normal exponential growth. The RA is minimal under favorable growth conditions but increases when cells are transferred to a new medium, especially one with a pH, temperature, salinity, or concentration of Ca2+ ions nonoptimal for the given species. Under unfavorable growth conditions, the adhesion becomes irreversible. The obtained data suggest that RA represents an adaptation mechanism important for population survival.