Molecular characteristics and phylogenetic analysis of pigeon paramyxovirus type 1 isolates from pigeon meat farms in Shanghai (2009-2012).

The majority of pigeon paramyxovirus type 1 (PPMV-1) strains are generally non-pathogenic to chickens; however, they can induce severe illness and high mortality rates in pigeons, leading to substantial economic repercussions. The genomes of 11 PPMV-1 isolates from deceased pigeons on meat pigeon farms during passive monitoring from 2009 to 2012 were sequenced and analyzed using polymerase chain reaction and phylogenetic analysis. The complete genome lengths of 11 isolates were approximately 15,192 nucleotides, displaying a consistent gene order of 3'-NP-P-M-F-HN-L-5'. ALL isolates exhibited the characteristic motif of 112RRQKRF117 at the fusion protein cleavage site, which is characteristic of velogenic Newcastle disease virus. Moreover, multiple mutations have been identified within the functional domains of the F and HN proteins, encompassing the fusion peptide, heptad repeat region, transmembrane domains, and neutralizing epitopes. Phylogenetic analysis based on sequences of the F gene unveiled that all isolates clustered within genotype VI in class II. Further classification identified at least two distinct sub-genotypes, with seven isolates classified as sub-genotype VI.2.1.1.2.2, whereas the others were classified as sub-genotype VI.2.1.1.2.1. This study suggests that both sub-genotypes were implicated in severe disease manifestation among meat pigeons, with sub-genotype VI.2.1.1.2.2 displaying an increasing prevalence among Shanghai's meat pigeon population since 2011. These results emphasize the value of developing pigeon-specific vaccines and molecular diagnostic tools for monitoring and proactively managing potential PPMV-1 outbreaks.

Abietane diterpenoids from Caryopteris incana (Thunb.) Miq. And their HIF-2α inhibitory activities in vitro.

Eleven previously undescribed abietane-type diterpenoids, named caryopincanoids A-K (1-11), together with five known compounds, were isolated from the EtOH extract of the aerial parts of Caryopteris incana (Thunb.) Miq. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of comprehensive spectroscopic data, NMR calculations, and ECD calculations. The inhibitory activities of all compounds against HIF-2α gene expression in 786-O cells were tested by luciferase assay. Compounds 7, 9, 15, and 16 showed significant inhibitory effects with IC50 values ranging from 12.73 to 23.80 µM. The preliminary structure-activity relationship of these compounds was also discussed.

Serum sSelectin-L is an early specific indicator of radiation injury.

Objective: It's crucial to identify an easily detectable biomarker that is specific to radiation injury in order to effectively classify injured individuals in the early stage in large-scale nuclear accidents. Methods: C57BL/6J mice were subjected to whole-body and partial-body γ irradiation, as well as whole-body X-ray irradiation to explore the response of serum sSelectin-L to radiation injury. Then, it was compared with its response to lipopolysaccharide-induced acute infection and doxorubicin-induced DNA damage to study the specificity of sSelectin-L response to radiation. Furthermore, it was further evaluated in serum samples from nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients before and after radiotherapy. Simulated rescue experiments using Amifostine or bone marrow transplantation were conducted in mice with acute radiation syndrome to determine the potential for establishing sSelectin-L as a prognostic marker. The levels of sSelectin-L were dynamically measured using the ELISA method. Results: Selectin-L is mainly expressed in hematopoietic tissues and lymphatic tissues. Mouse sSelectin-L showed a dose-dependent decrease from 1 day after irradiation and exhibited a positive correlation with lymphocyte counts. Furthermore, the level of sSelectin-L reflected the degree of radiation injury in partial-body irradiation mice and in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients. sSelectin-L was closely related to the total dose of γ or X ray. There was no significant change in the sSelectin-L levels in mice intraperitoneal injected with lipopolysaccharide or doxorubicin. The sSelectin-L was decreased slower and recovered faster than lymphocyte count in acute radiation syndrome mice treated with Amifostine or bone marrow transplantation. Conclusions: Our study shows that sSelectin-L has the potential to be an early biomarker to classify injured individuals after radiation accidents, and to be a prognostic indicator of successful rescue of radiation victims.

Pan-cancer and single-cell analysis of actin cytoskeleton genes related to disulfidptosis.

Disulfidptosis was recently reported to be caused by abnormal disulfide accumulation in cells with high SLC7A11 levels subjected to glucose starvation, suggesting that targeting disulfidptosis was a potential strategy for cancer treatment. We analyzed the relationships between gene expression and mutations and prognoses of patients. In addition, the correlation between gene expression and immune cell infiltration was explored. The potential regulatory mechanisms of these genes were assessed by investigating their related signaling pathways involved in cancer, their expression patterns, and their cellular localization. Most cancer types showed a negative correlation between the gene-set variation analysis (GSVA) scores and infiltration of B cells and neutrophils, and a positive correlation between GSVA scores and infiltration of natural killer T and induced regulatory T cells. Single-cell analysis revealed that ACTB, DSTN, and MYL6 were highly expressed in different bladder urothelial carcinoma subtypes, but MYH10 showed a low expression. Immunofluorescence staining showed that actin cytoskeleton proteins were mainly localized in the actin filaments and plasma membrane. Notably, IQGAP1 was localized in the cell junctions. In conclusion, this study provided an overview of disulfidptosis-related actin cytoskeleton genes in pan-cancer. These genes were associated with the survival of patients and might be involved in cancer-related pathways.

Leonurus japonicus Houtt. modulates neuronal apoptosis in intracerebral hemorrhage: Insights from network pharmacology and molecular docking.

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Leonurus japonicus Houtt. (Labiatae), commonly known as Chinese motherwort, is a herbaceous flowering plant that is native to Asia. It is widely acknowledged in traditional medicine for its diuretic, hypoglycemic, antiepileptic properties and neuroprotection. Currently, Leonurus japonicus (Leo) is included in the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) recognizes Leo for its myriad pharmacological attributes, but its efficacy against ICH-induced neuronal apoptosis is unclear. AIMS OF THE STUDY: This study aimed to identify the potential targets and regulatory mechanisms of Leo in alleviating neuronal apoptosis after ICH. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study employed network pharmacology, UPLC-Q-TOF-MS technique, molecular docking, pharmacodynamic studies, western blotting, and immunofluorescence techniques to explore its potential mechanisms. RESULTS: Leo was found to assist hematoma absorption, thus improving the neurological outlook in an ICH mouse model. Importantly, molecular docking highlighted JAK as Leo's potential therapeutic target in ICH scenarios. Further experimental evidence demonstrated that Leo adjusts JAK1 and STAT1 phosphorylation, curbing Bax while augmenting Bcl-2 expression. CONCLUSION: Leo showcases potential in mitigating neuronal apoptosis post-ICH, predominantly via the JAK/STAT mechanism.

Preparation and application of curcumin loaded with citric acid crosslinked chitosan-gelatin hydrogels.

While oral administration offers safety benefits, its therapeutic efficacy is hindered by various physiological factors within the body. In this study, a novel approach was explored using a matrix consisting of 2 % chitosan and 2 % gelatin, with citric acid (CA) serving as a green cross-linking agent (ranging from 0.4 % to 1.0 %), and curcumin (Cur) as the model drug to formulate hydrogel carriers. The results showed that a 0.4 % CA concentration, the hydrogel (CGA0.4) reached swelling equilibrium in deionized water within 40 min, exhibiting a maximum swelling index was 539 g/g. The addition of Cur to the CGA hydrogel (CGACur) notably enhanced release efficiency, particularly in simulated intestinal fluid, where Cur release rates exceeded 40 % within 100 min compared to below 8 % in other solutions. Among these hydrogels, CGA0.4Cur exhibited the fastest degradation rate in the combined solution, reaching >90 % degradation after 7 days. Additionally, Cur and CA demonstrated positive effects on the tensile strength, antioxidant activity and antibacterial activity of hydrogels. Compare to the bioaccessibility of CGC (27 %), those of CGACur had increased to over 34 %. These findings offer provide theoretical support for CA-crosslinked chitosan/gelatin gels in delivering hydrophobic bioactive molecules and their application in intestinal drug delivery system.

A role for the cerebellum in motor-triggered alleviation of anxiety.

Physical exercise is known to reduce anxiety, but the underlying brain mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we explore a hypothalamo-cerebello-amygdalar circuit that may mediate motor-dependent alleviation of anxiety. This three-neuron loop, in which the cerebellar dentate nucleus takes center stage, bridges the motor system with the emotional system. Subjecting animals to a constant rotarod engages glutamatergic cerebellar dentate neurons that drive PKCδ+ amygdalar neurons to elicit an anxiolytic effect. Moreover, challenging animals on an accelerated rather than a constant rotarod engages hypothalamic neurons that provide a superimposed anxiolytic effect via an orexinergic projection to the dentate neurons that activate the amygdala. Our findings reveal a cerebello-limbic pathway that may contribute to motor-triggered alleviation of anxiety and that may be optimally exploited during challenging physical exercise.

Prenatal features and postnatal follow-up of congenital ventricular outpouching: A retrospective study of two centers in China.

OBJECTIVES: Congenital ventricular outpouching (CVO) is a rare cardiac malformation that can manifest as congenital ventricular aneurysm (CVA) and/or congenital ventricular diverticula (CVD). In this study, we describe the prenatal features and postnatal follow-up of 27 cases of CVO. METHODS: The clinical data of 27 patients with CVO who attended Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital Affiliated to the Medical College of Zhejiang University (Zhejiang Province, China) and Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University (Zhejiang Province, China) from April 2013 to October 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were also followed up by telephone. The prenatal characteristics and postnatal outcomes of the patients with CVO were evaluated. RESULTS: CVO was detected in 26 cases prenatally, 14 (51.85%) were diagnosed with CVA, nine (33.33%) were diagnosed with CVD, three (11.11%) were equivocal for CVA/CVD, and one (3.70%) was detected with CVA postnatally. Six patients underwent follow-up fetal echocardiography approximately 4 weeks after the initial echocardiography examination, and a significant difference in CVO size was observed between the two examinations (P = .02). Eight patients (29.63%) demonstrated cardiovascular dysfunction, and the median CVO size in fetuses with and without cardiovascular dysfunction was 205 (range: 169-396) mm2 and 124 (range: 92-154.5) mm2 , respectively (P = .01). Correlation was found between CVO size and fetal cardiac dysfunction (p = .000, r = .778). Eight patients (29.63%) had cardiac/extracardiac defects. Thirteen patients were live born, 12 were terminated pregnancies, and two were lost to follow-up. The postpartum size of the CVOs remained stable in six patients, decreased in two patients, dissolved in three patients, and were surgically removed in two patients. With the exception of one patient with CVA complicated with complex congenital cardiac malformation who underwent surgical treatment after birth and who had postoperative left ventricular dysfunction (Case 1), the prognosis of all of the patients was good. CONCLUSION: CVO is often associated with cardiac malformations. The size of prenatal CVOs can increase with gestational development, and cardiovascular dysfunction is significantly related to CVO size. The postpartum prognosis of patients with CVO is good. Echocardiography plays a key role in the diagnosis of congenital ventricular outpouching. Prenatal counseling should be cautious regarding the diagnosis and the prognosis although our cases had a favorable prognosis.

Iodine Excess May Lead to Low Exam Score in Children Aged 8-10 Years.

Recent research has shown that iodine excess may damage children's intelligence. Years of monitoring results in Shanghai show the iodine status has approached the upper limit of the appropriate range for children aged 8-10 years, indicating a risk of iodine excess. We used multi-stage random sampling to select children. Sixteen districts of Shanghai were divided into five units based on geographic location, and one primary school was randomly selected from each unit. In each selected school, about 40 children aged 8-10 years were randomly recruited to measure their urinary iodine concentration (UIC), household salt iodine concentration (SIC), the score of the final unified exam of the last semester, and school canteen salt iodine concentration. The median UIC of 3213 children aged 8-10 years in Shanghai was 195.4 (122.0, 285.8) µg/L and exceeded 200 µg/L in 48.8% of the population. Household and school canteen iodized salt coverage rates were 60.3% and 82.5% respectively, and mean household and school canteen SICs were 21.51 ± 9.30 mg/kg and 25.29 ± 3.40 mg/kg respectively. By correcting for potential confounding factors, logistic regression demonstrated that compared to the adequate iodine status group, students in the slight iodine excess group were less likely to get "A" (score > 90) in math, Chinese, and English exams (Math: OR = 0.775, 95% CI = 0.660-0.911, P = 0.002; Chinese: OR = 0.707, 95% CI = 0.543-0.842, P < 0.001; English: OR = 0.720, 95% CI = 0.610-0.849, P < 0.001). In Shanghai, the iodine status of 8-10-year-old children is approaching the upper limit of the adequate range. Iodine excess in Shanghai may lead to low exam scores for students.

Four new constituents from the fruits of Cyclocodon lancifolius (Roxburgh) Kurz.

Phytochemical analysis of the fruits of Cyclocodon lancifolius led to the isolation of two new phenylpropanoid-derived glycosides (1-2), two new geranyl glucosides (3-4), and nine known compounds (5-13). Their chemical structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic data. The absolute configuration of the sugar moiety was determined by hydrolysis and derivatization. All compounds were evaluated for their xanthine oxidase (XO) and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities, and four compounds showed weak inhibitory activity towards XO.

Central nervous system nocardiosis diagnosed by metagenomic next-generation sequencing: A case series and literature review.

BACKGROUND: Central nervous system (CNS) nocardiosis is a rare suppurative disease caused by the genus Nocardia. It is found most frequently in immunocompromised individuals. OBJECTIVES: In this study, we retrospectively reviewed the clinical presentations, laboratory examination, therapy and outcomes of 9 patients with CNS nocardiosis diagnosed using metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) in our hospital. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We reviewed 9 patients with confirmed diagnosis of CNS Nocardia infection from January 2017 to December 2021 in the Department of Neurology at The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University (Guangzhou, China). In addition, we searched literature related to CNS Nocardia infection on PubMed and included all case reports with proven CNS nocardiosis since 2016. RESULTS: The metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) of CSF can be used for the rapid diagnosis of nocardiosis in CNS and N. farcinica are the most commonly isolated species. Underlying autoimmune diseases, immunosuppressive agents including corticosteroids and organ transplantation are predisposing factors of developing CNS nocardiosis. Single or multiple hyper-enhanced ring lesions indicative of cerebral abscesses are commonly presented in brain imaging. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) is used as the primary agent for the antibacterial therapy and in combination with other antibacterial agents. CONCLUSION: Our study demonstrated that mNGS of CSF can be conducted for definitive and rapid diagnosis for CNS nocardiosis.

A transcriptional atlas identifies key regulators and networks for the development of spike tissues in barley.

Grain number and size determine grain yield in crops and are closely associated with spikelet fertility and grain filling in barley (Hordeum vulgare). Abortion of spikelet primordia within individual barley spikes causes a 30%-50% loss in the potential number of grains during development from the awn primordium stage to the tipping stage, after that grain filling is the primary factor regulating grain size. To identify transcriptional signatures associated with spike development, we use a six-rowed barley cultivar (Morex) to develop a spatiotemporal transcriptome atlas containing 255 samples covering 17 stages and 5 positions along the spike. We identify several fundamental regulatory networks, in addition to key regulators of spike development and morphology. Specifically, we show HvGELP96, encoding a GDSL domain-containing protein, as a regulator of spikelet fertility and grain number. Our transcriptional atlas offers a powerful resource to answer fundamental questions in spikelet development and degeneration in barley.

Oncogene SCARNA12 as a potential diagnostic biomarker for colorectal cancer.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignant tumors of the digestive system, and represents a severe threat to the life and health of individuals. Increasing evidence supports the role of small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) as critical regulatory gene in cancer development. Small Cajal body-specific RNAs (scaRNAs), a subtype of snoRNAs, are named for their subcellular localization within Cajal bodies. SCARNA12, which located at the intronic region of PHB2 in chromosome 12p13.31 with 270 nucleotides (nt) in length. It has been reported function as a diagnostic marker for cervical cancer. However, its biological functions and molecular mechanisms in CRC have yet to be elucidated. In this study, bioinformatics analysis revealed that SCARNA12 was highly expressed in CRC and positively correlated with poor prognosis in CRC patients. Additionally, SCARNA12 showed upregulated expression in CRC cell lines and clinical CRC tissue samples. Moreover, SCARNA12 overexpression in SW620 cells accelerated cell proliferation, suppressed the apoptosis rate, and enhanced tumorigenesis in vivo. The knockdown of SCARNA12 expression in HCT116 and HT29 cells resulted in contrasting effects. The functioning of SCARNA12 is mechanically independent of its host gene PHB2. Notably, the overexpression of SCARNA12 activated PI3K/AKT pathway in SW620 cells, and the malignancy degree of CRC cells was attenuated after treatment with MK2206 (a specific AKT inhibitor). Our findings demonstrated that SCARNA12 plays an oncogenic role in CRC progression and can be used as a potential diagnostic biomarker for CRC.

(-)-Guaiol inhibit epithelial-mesenchymal transition in lung cancer via suppressing M2 macrophages mediated STAT3 signaling pathway.

In the context of cancer expansion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays an essential role in driving invasion and metastasis potential of cancer cells. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs)-derived factors involved in the initiation and progression of EMT. We assess the role of M2 macrophage in suppressing lung tumors of a natural compound (-)-Guaiol by using macrophage depleted model. Bone marrow-derived monocytes (BMDMs) were extracted and induced to M2-like phenotype in vitro. The co-culture of M2 macrophage and lung cancer cells was established to observe that inhibition of lung tumor growth by (-)-Guaiol requires presence of macrophages. This suppressed effect of (-)-Guaiol was alleviated when mice macrophage was depleted. The expression of M2-like macrophages was strongly reduced by (-)-Guaiol treated mice, but not the changes of M1-like macrophages. In vitro studies, we demonstrated that (-)-Guaiol suppressed M2 polarization of BMDMs, as well as migration, invasion, and EMT of lung cancer cells in co-culture. M2 macrophage-derived interleukin 10 (IL-10) was investigated as a critical signaling molecule between M2 macrophage and lung cancer cells. We have also verified that the mechanism of (-)-Guaiol inhibiting the EMT process of lung cancer is related to the activation of IL-10-mediated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). These results suggested that the suppressive effect role of (-)-Guaiol in M2 macrophage promoting EMT of lung cancer, which was associated with inhibition of IL-10 mediated STAT3 signaling pathway.

[Survey on the awareness rate of nutrition and health knowledge among residents aged 18-64 in Shanghai in 2021].

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the nutrition and health knowledge of residents aged 18-64 in Shanghai, and to understand the level of nutrition and health knowledge and its influencing factors. METHODS: The total of 6518 residents aged 18-64 years old in Shanghai were selected by stratified random sampling in 2021. The subjects were grouped by gender, age, education levels, occupations, and regions. The awareness rate of nutrition and health knowledge and its influencing factors were investigated using the questionnaire and scoring standard designed by National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Household survey, face-to-face questioning by surveyors and help to fill in the options. RESULTS: The score of nutrition and health knowledge of residents aged 18-64 in Shanghai was 68.43±12.82, and the awareness rate was 35.78%. The average score(t=-5.04, P<0.01) and awareness rate(χ~2=14.06, P<0.01) of women were significantly higher than men. Significant differences in average scores and awareness rates were found among different groups of ages(F=15.02, P<0.01;χ~2=23.46, P<0.01), education levels(F=191.45, P<0.01;χ~2=210.29, P<0.01), occupations(F=99.17, P<0.01;χ~2=224.12, P<0.01) and regions(F=22.11, P<0.01;χ~2=44.61, P<0.01). The female(OR=1.13, 95%CI 1.02-1.25), high school education and above(OR=1.68-2.85) had better knowledge of nutrition and health. While 18-34 years(OR=0.69-0.74), people engaged in non-medical health institutions(OR=0.46-0.70) and living in non-urban central areas(OR=0.74-0.81) had poorer awareness of nutrition and health knowledge. CONCLUSION: The awareness rate of nutrition and health knowledge among residents aged 18-64 in Shanghai is still upside potential.

Metabolomics unveils the mechanism of Bufei Huayu decoction in combination with cisplatin against non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Introduction: Bufei Huayu Decoction (BFHY) is a clinical prescription with reported efficacy in enhancing the therapeutic outcomes of chemotherapeutic agents for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the underlying metabolic mechanism of BFHY's action remains unexplored. Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the global metabolic effects of cisplatin and cisplatin plus BFHY on NSCLC. Methods: Three groups (NSCLC, cisplatin, and cisplatin + BFHY) underwent a serum metabolomics procedure based on UHPLC-QE-MS. Then, a pathway analysis was carried out using MetaboAnalyst 3.0 to elucidate the therapeutic action routes of cisplatin and cisplatin plus BFHY in NSCLC. Results: In the subcutaneous NSCLC model, both cisplatin and cisplatin + BFHY reduced the tumor volume and caused cell death. In comparison to cisplatin alone, cisplatin + BFHY showed a stronger tumor-suppressing impact. Furthermore, the same 16 metabolic signaling pathways were shared by the cisplatin and cisplatin + BFHY treatments. These typical metabolites are mainly involved in amino acid metabolism, lipid mobilization, nucleic acid metabolism and carbohydrate metabolites. Conclusions: Potential biomarkers and metabolic networks of cisplatin and cisplatin + BFHY's anti-tumor actions are revealed in our investigation.

A high-resolution genotype-phenotype map identifies the TaSPL17 controlling grain number and size in wheat.

BACKGROUND: Large-scale genotype-phenotype association studies of crop germplasm are important for identifying alleles associated with favorable traits. The limited number of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in most wheat genome-wide association studies (GWASs) restricts their power to detect marker-trait associations. Additionally, only a few genes regulating grain number per spikelet have been reported due to sensitivity of this trait to variable environments. RESULTS: We perform a large-scale GWAS using approximately 40 million filtered SNPs for 27 spike morphology traits. We detect 132,086 significant marker-trait associations and the associated SNP markers are located within 590 associated peaks. We detect additional and stronger peaks by dividing spike morphology into sub-traits relative to GWAS results of spike morphology traits. We propose that the genetic dissection of spike morphology is a powerful strategy to detect signals for grain yield traits in wheat. The GWAS results reveal that TaSPL17 positively controls grain size and number by regulating spikelet and floret meristem development, which in turn leads to enhanced grain yield per plant. The haplotypes at TaSPL17 indicate geographical differentiation, domestication effects, and breeding selection. CONCLUSION: Our study provides valuable resources for genetic improvement of spike morphology and a fast-forward genetic solution for candidate gene detection and cloning in wheat.

Pan-cancer and single-cell analysis reveal the prognostic value and immune response of NQO1.

Background: Overexpression of the NAD(P)H: Quinone Oxidoreductase 1 (NQOI) gene has been linked with tumor progression, aggressiveness, drug resistance, and poor patient prognosis. Most research has described the biological function of the NQO1 in certain types and limited samples, but a comprehensive understanding of the NQO1's function and clinical importance at the pan-cancer level is scarce. More research is needed to understand the role of NQO1 in tumor infiltration, and immune checkpoint inhibitors in various cancers are needed. Methods: The NQO1 expression data for 33 types of pan-cancer and their association with the prognosis, pathologic stage, gender, immune cell infiltration, the tumor mutation burden, microsatellite instability, immune checkpoints, enrichment pathways, and the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) were downloaded from public databases. Results: Our findings indicate that the NQO1 gene was significantly upregulated in most cancer types. The Cox regression analysis showed that overexpression of the NQO1 gene was related to poor OS in Glioma, uveal melanoma, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, kidney renal papillary cell carcinoma, and adrenocortical carcinoma. NQO1 mRNA expression positively correlated with infiltrating immune cells and checkpoint molecule levels. The single-cell analysis revealed a potential relationship between the NQO1 mRNA expression levels and the infiltration of immune cells and stromal cells in bladder urothelial carcinoma, invasive breast carcinoma, and colorectal cancer. Conversely, a negative association was noted between various drugs (17-AAG, Lapatinib, Trametinib, PD-0325901) and the NQO1 mRNA expression levels. Conclusion: NQO1 expression was significantly associated with prognosis, immune infiltrates, and drug resistance in multiple cancer types. The inhibition of the NQO1-dependent signaling pathways may provide a promising strategy for developing new cancer-targeted therapies.

The Joint Effects of Bisphenols and Iodine Exposure on Thyroid during Pregnancy.

The aim of this research was to study the combined effects of bisphenols and iodine exposure on the thyroid gland during pregnancy. We included 162 pregnant women from a cohort established in Shanghai. Urinary concentrations of bisphenol A, bisphenol B(BPB), bisphenol C(BPC), bisphenol F, bisphenol S, and bisphenol AF(BPAF) were examined. Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) and quantile g-computation models were used. The geometric means of BPA, BPB, BPC, BPF, BPS, BPAF, and ΣBPs levels in urine were 3.03, 0.24, 2.66, 0.36, 0.26, 0.72, and 7.55 µg/g creatinine, respectively. We observed a positive trend in the cumulative effects of BPs and iodine on serum triiodothyronine (FT3) and free thyroxine (FT4), as well as a U-shaped dose-response relationship between BPs and the probability of occurrence of thyroperoxidase autoantibody positivity in women with low urinary iodine concentration. In addition, a synergistic effect on the probability of occurrence of thyroid autoantibody positivity was observed between BPF and BPB, as well as between BPC and BPAF in this study. There were adverse health effects on the thyroid after co-exposure to BPs and iodine. Even if pregnant women were exposed to lower levels of BPs, women with iodine deficiency remained vulnerable to thyroid autoimmune disease.