Comparison of the efficacy and safety of unilateral and bilateral approach kyphoplasty in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures: A meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVES: The study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of unilateral versus bilateral percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) in treating osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Adhering to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines, three English-language databases were systematically reviewed: PubMed, Web of Science, and the National Library of Medicine. The search was conducted between their inception and January 1, 2023. Studies that were replications or that used regression analysis were excluded. Randomized controlled trials and cohort studies that met the criteria were included, and a meta-analysis was performed. RESULTS: The mean follow-up duration was 17.9±9.7 months for the unilateral group and 18.4±8.3 months for the bilateral group. Eight randomized controlled trials and four cohort studies were included, comprising a total of 1,391 patients (499 males, 697 females; 195 cases did not report sex; mean age: 70.9 years; range, 45 to 82 years). Of these patients, 710 underwent the unilateral surgical approach and 681 the bilateral approach. The meta-analysis revealed that the long-term VAS was marginally higher in the unilateral PKP group (mean difference [MD]=0.09; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.06-0.13; p<0.001). The unilateral group also demonstrated a greater recovery rate in the postoperative kyphosis angle (MD=2.27; 95% CI: 0.67-3.87; p=0.006), shorter operation duration (MD=18.56 min; 95% CI: 8.96-28.17; p<0.001), and a lower bone cement dosage (MD=1.20 mL; 95% CI: 0.39-2.01; p=0.004). CONCLUSION: Unilateral PKP appears equally effective as bilateral PKP for treating osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures but with advantages in terms of procedure time, cement use, and pain reduction.

Coupling of Carboxylic Acids with Ynamides and Subsequent Rearrangement for the Synthesis of Imides/Amides.

A coupling of carboxylic acids with ynamides and subsequent rearrangement for the synthesis of imides and amides is reported. The carboxylic acids could couple with ynamides to form α-acyloxyenamide followed by sulfonyl group migration and Mumm rearrangement to furnish the amides. Additionally, the products could be subjected to further rearrangement to deliver ß-keto amides. This metal-free process represents an interesting method for chemical bonds cleavage and regeneration. Furthermore, divergent transformation of products were conducted to deliver an array of compounds.

Multicomponent Synthesis of Tetrahydroisoquinolines.

A multicomponent synthesis of tetrahydroisoquinolines from carboxylic acids, alkynyl ethers, and dihydroisoquinolines is described. This process features readily available starting materials, simple experimental procedures for achievement of molecule complexity, and structural diversity. The preliminary control experiment and crossover reaction provide important insight into the reaction mechanism. The formed tetrahydroisoquinolines could be transformed to an array of compounds.

Decarbonylative Coupling of α-Keto Acids and Ynamides for Synthesis of ß-Keto Imides.

A novel decarbonylative coupling of α-keto acids and ynamides with extrusion of CO for synthesis of ß-keto imides is reported. This process features mild reaction conditions, a broad substrate scope, and high efficiency. An isotope-labeling reaction and GC analysis were conducted to elucidate a plausible reaction mechanism.

Nickel-catalyzed acetamidation and lactamization of arylboronic acids.

A nickel-catalyzed acetamidation and lactamization of arylboronic acids via a one-pot reaction with ynamides and N-hydroxyphthalimide is described. This protocol features with mild reaction conditions and a broad substrate scope, and has been successfully applied to late-stage functionalization of pharmaceuticals. Moreover, control reactions were conducted to elucidate a plausible mechanism.

Single Reactant Replacement Approach of Passerini Reaction: One-Pot Synthesis of ß-Acyloxyamides and Phthalides.

The Passerini reaction is a classical and well-known multicomponent reaction for accessing α-acyloxy amides. A single reactant replacement (SRR) approach of Passerini reaction is described, which involves aldehydes, carboxylic acids, and ynamides to constitute a one-pot synthesis of ß-acyloxy amides in a convergent manner. When this method was subject to intramolecular reaction, the process would produce phthalide products. The scalability was demonstrated, and a crossover reaction was conducted to elucidate a plausible mechanism.

Csp-Csp3 Bond Formation via Iron(III)-Promoted Hydroalkynylation of Unactivated Alkenes.

An iron(III)-promoted hydroalkynylation of unactivated alkenes toward Csp-Csp3 bond formation has been developed. Various alkenes, including mono-, di-, and trisubstituted alkenes, could all smoothly convert to structural diversified alkynes in this chemoselective protocol. Additionally, the scalability was unraveled and the further divergent transformations of products were conducted to demonstrate the synthetic utility.

One-Pot Multicomponent Synthesis of ß-Amino Amides.

Multicomponent reactions are excellent tools for rapid generation of small molecules with broad chemical diversity and molecular complexity. Herein, a novel one-pot multicomponent synthesis of ß-amino amides from aldehydes, anilines, carboxylic acids and ynamides has been successfully developed. This process is practical and efficient to unravel synthetic utility and scalability. Moreover, an isotope labeling reaction was conducted to elucidate a plausible reaction mechanism.

Synthesis of Amides and Nitriles from Vinyl Azides and p-Quinone Methides.

A divergent synthesis of amides and nitriles from vinyl azides and p-quinone methides (p-QMs) was developed. The p-QMs could be activated by BF3-Et2O and then nucleophilically attacked by vinyl azides, leading to divergent rearrangement toward amides and nitriles.

Metathesis Reaction of Diazo Compounds and para-Quinone Methides for C-C Double Bond Formation: Synthesis of Tetrasubstituted Alkenes and Quinolinones.

The para-quinone methides (p-QMs) are activated by Lewis acid and then attacked by diazo compounds. The following rearrangement leads to nitrogen gas extrusion and C-C double bond formation to constitute a metathesis reaction process. Therefore, the diazoester is transformed into tetrasubstituted alkenes, whereas the diazo-oxindole delivers the quinolinone products. Furthermore, the 13C-labeling experiments were also conducted to elucidate a possible mechanism.

Fe-Catalyzed Hydroalkylation of Olefins with para-Quinone Methides.

A novel Fe-catalyzed hydroalkylation of olefins with para-quinone methides (p-QMs) for accessing phenols has been developed. In this protocol, various olefins could convert to alkyl radicals and undergo addition to para-quinone methides toward C-C bond formation and aromatization. The reaction conditions are mild and the substrate scopes are broad.

[Minimally invasive treatment of intertrochanteric fractures with locking compression plate in the elderly].

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of minimally invasive treatment with the locking compression plate (LCP) in the treatment of intertrochanteric fractures in the elderly age. METHODS: Twenty-eight cases of intertrochanteric fracture were retrospective studied from August 2007 to January 2009, included 13 males and 15 females with an average age of 78.6 years ranging from 70 to 102 years. All the 28 patients were treated with minimally invasive operations with locking compression plates. The time from injury to operation was ranged from 3 to 8 days (with an average of 4.5 days). RESULTS: The operation time was from 40 to 90 minutes (with an average of 55 minutes). The average bleeding volume during the operation was 70 ml (from 50 to 150 ml). One patient died during hospital stay. Twenty-five patients were followed up from 6 months to 2 years with an average of 15 months after operation. The fracture healing time was from 10 to 12 weeks (10.4 weeks in average). According to an evaluation standard of HUANG Gong-yi, the results were excellent in 20 cases,good in 4 cases, poor in 1 case. CONCLUSION: Minimally invasive approaches with LCP could treat the elder intertrochanteric fractures with the advantages such as minimal invasive, stable fixation and less blood loss.