Public management of public healthcare under the COVID-19 outbreak: experience of Ukraine.

OBJECTIVE: Aim: The research is aimed to study certain aspects and experience of functioning of the Ukrainian Public Healthcare public management mechanisms during an outbreak of the acute respiratory disease COVID19. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and Methods: The studied materials include personal observations and accumulated practical material, as well as generalization of the collected data and their empirical treatment, conducted by the scientists, according to the present legislation requirements. The study was held using general scientific methods, including observation, description of results, specification and statistical data generalization. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: Generalization, arrangement and analysis of the Ukrainian experience of the Public Healthcare public management during the outbreak of the acute respiratory disease COVID19, provides exchange of experience between all subjects of the process. This helps to produce certain practical decisions, aimed at effective responding of the state healthcare system onto management of the COVID19 outbreak. Such activities are also directed at detection of flaws in the whole system, with their subsequent correction, and elimination or neutralization of possible negative outcomes. To adopt the priority activity directions within public relations, which make the subject of the study, the authors have studied a complex of activities against spread of the COVID19 in 2019-2020. These activities include issues, related to prompt responding onto the infection spread and approving quick professional decisions; fulfilling epidemiological supervision and introducing anti-epidemic activities; providing diagnostics, and accessibility of the safe and high-quality vaccine.

Tuning the Cerium-Based Metal-Organic Framework Formation by Template Effect and Precursor Selection.

The novel metal-organic framework [(CH3)2NH2]2[Ce2(bdc)4(DMF)2]·2H2O (Ce-MOF, H2bdc-terephthalic acid, DMF-N,N-dimethylformamide) was synthesized by a simple solvothermal method. Ce-MOF has 3D connectivity of bcu type with a dinuclear fragment connected with eight neighbors, while three types of guest species are residing in its pores: water, DMF, and dimethylammonium cations. Dimethylamine was demonstrated to have a decisive templating effect on the formation of Ce-MOF, as its deliberate addition to the solvothermal reaction allows the reproducible synthesis of the new framework. Otherwise, the previously reported MOF Ce5(bdc)7.5(DMF)4 (Ce5) or its composite with nano-CeO2 (CeO2@Ce5) was obtained. Various Ce carboxylate precursors and synthetic conditions were explored to evidence the major stability of Ce-MOF and Ce5 within the Ce carboxylate-H2bdc-DMF system. The choice of precursor impacts the surface area of Ce-MOF and thus its reactivity in an oxidative atmosphere. The in situ PXRD and TG-DTA-MS study of Ce-MOF in a nonoxidative atmosphere demonstrates that it eliminates H2O and DMF along with (CH3)2NH guest species in two distinct stages at 70 and 250 °C, respectively, yielding [Ce2(bdc)3(H2bdc)]. The H2bdc molecule is removed at 350 °C with the formation of novel modification of Ce2(bdc)3, which is stable at least up to 450 °C. According to the total X-ray scattering study with pair distribution function analysis, the most pronounced local structure transformation occurs upon departure of DMF and (CH3)2NH guest species, which is in line with the in situ PXRD experiment. In an oxidative atmosphere, Ce-MOF undergoes combustion to CeO2 at a temperature as low as 390 °C. MOF-derived CeO2 from Ce-MOF, Ce5, and CeO2@Ce5 exhibits catalytic activity in the CO oxidation reaction.