[Hypophyseal-adreno-gonadal system function in myasthenia patients with tumorous and nontumorous pathology of the thymus]. / Sostoianie gipofizarno-adrenogonadnoi sistemy u bol'nykh miasteniei pri opukholevoi i neopukholevoi patologii vilochkovoi zhelezy.

Overall twenty-five patients (all women) who ranged from 16 to 56 years old were examined. They were divided into two groups: group I was formed of subjects with hyperplasia of the thymus gland, group II--thymoma. Blood serum levels of prolactin, progesterone, estriol, estradiol, testosterone hydrocortisone. All patients showed a significant increase in average blood plasma levels of estrogens, testosterone and prolactin. Average levels of progesterone and hydrocortisone in patients with thymus hypertrophy were lower than in controls, while in thymoma patients these were much higher. The data submitted are indicative of substantial differences in the endocrine status of myasthenia patients depending on tumor or nontumor lesion of the thymus gland, which fact may suggest different pathogenetic mechanisms of development of the condition.

[The clinico-immunological characteristics of myasthenia patients]. / Kliniko-immunologicheskaia kharakteristika bol'nykh miasteniei.

Data are submitted of examination of 480 patients with myasthenia. The host protective mechanisms were studied, with the immunodeficiency (both cellular and humoral) having been ascertained. The above event were found out to be associated with severity of myasthenia, being more apparent in gravely ill patients.

[Surgical treatment of goiter in residents of the Kiev district]. / Khirurgicheskoe lechenie zoba u zhitelei Kievskoi oblasti.

The article characterizes the mortality rates of nodular and mixed euthyroid goiter in the Ukraine Republic and discusses the results of surgical treatment of 681 patients with various forms of goiter. In view of the double increase of the number of cases of thyroid carcinoma in the last 4 years, the authors suggest resecting the thyroid gland more extensively than in the previously conducted economical resections. Radioimmunological study of the thyroid hormones and thyrotropin in dynamics showed activation of hypophyseal +thyrotropic function after the operation. The authors, therefore, recommend using thyroidin without fail. Postoperative recurrences-1.5%, stable hypothyroidism-1.8%.

[The surgical treatment of malignant stomach ulcers]. / Khirurgicheskoe lechenie malignizirovannykh iazv zheludka.

The authors analyse the specific features of the clinical picture, diagnosis, pathomorphological changes and surgical treatment in 52 patients with gastric ulcer which underwent malignant degeneration. It is noted that malignancy occurs most frequently in close vicinity to the ulcerative defect and rarely in the mucosa beyond the ulcer. The morphostructural reorganizations are determined to a certain degree by the peculiarities of extension of the tumor along the mucosa and the organ as a whole. The authors discuss the principles of the choice of the method for treatment according to the findings of pathomorphological examination of biopsy material and the results of emergency intraoperative examination. Even if the merest suspicion of malignancy of the ulcer arises, the operation should be conducted with observance of all oncological principles. Postoperative mortality was 3.8%, complications occurred in 7.7% of cases. Five-year survival was 84.6% in the absence of metastases and the presence of carcinoma cells within the limits of the mucosa and 12.5% among cases in which metastases were found during the operation. Attention is drawn to the principles of regular medical surveillance over patients receiving nonoperative treatment for gastric ulcer.

[Prevention of complications during the surgical treatment of myasthenia gravis]. / Profilaktika oslozhennii pri operativnom lechenii miastenii.

The authors observed 298 patients with myasthenia who had been subjected to thymectomy. Complications during operation were as follows: injuries of the mediastinal pleura, pericardium, humerocephalic vein and hemothorax. The improvement of preoperative preparation, methods of thymectomy have decreased complications from 19% to 7%.