Gene signatures of endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitophagy for prognostic risk prediction in lung adenocarcinoma.

Genes associated with endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and mitophagy can be conducive to predicting solid tumour prognosis. The authors aimed to develop a prognosis prediction model for these genes in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Relevant gene expression and clinical information were collected from public databases including Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). A total of 265 differentially expressed genes was finally selected (71 up-regulated and 194 downregulated) in the LUAD dataset. Among these, 15 candidate ERS and mitophagy genes (ATG12, CSNK2A1, MAP1LC3A, MAP1LC3B, MFN2, PGAM5, PINK1, RPS27A, SQSTM1, SRC, UBA52, UBB, UBC, ULK1, and VDAC1) might be critical to LUAD based on the expression analysis after crossing with the ERS and mitochondrial autophagy genes. The prediction model demonstrated the ability to effectively predict the 5-, 3-, and 1-year prognoses of LUAD patients in both GEO and TCGA databases. Moreover, high VDAC1 expression was associated with poor overall survival in LUAD (p < 0.001), suggesting it might be a critical gene for LUAD prognosis prediction. Overall, the prognosis model based on ERS and mitophagy genes in LUAD can be useful for evaluating the prognosis of patients with LUAD, and VDAC1 may serve as a promising biomarker for LUAD prognosis.

Assessment of renal quality with quantitative contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) for differentiating kidney histopathology before procurement.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the use of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) to assess the kidneys' quality before procurement. Methods: This prospective study included 74 donors and 148 recipients of kidneys. 119 kidneys underwent quantitative analysis. Before organ procurement, potential kidney donors underwent CEUS, though organ procurement involved a zero-point puncture biopsy. CEUS parameters of the renal cortex and medulla were evaluated, including rise time (RT), time to peak (TTP), the area under the curve (AUC), wash-in slope (WIS), peak intensity (PI), and mean transit time (MTT). Donors' kidneys were classified based on their pathological. Additionally, short-term clinical indicators of renal recipients were collected and analyzed to determine whether the patients had delayed recovery of renal allograft function. Results: This experiment included 148 cases of kidney information, divided into two groups based on the Remuzzi score of the kidneys. However, 29 kidneys were excluded from the quantitative analysis due to loss or low quality of CEUS images. Comparing the time-intensity curve (TIC) of renal cortical region of interest (ROI), we found that the group with lower pathological scores exhibited higher PI (P=0.002), AUC(P=0.003), and WIS (P=0.009). TIC comparison results for renal medulla ROI revealed that the group with lower pathological scores had higher PI (P=0.010), AUC (P=0.023), and WIS (P=0.024). Conclusions: This study highlighted the potential of CEUS as a non-invasive, safe, and real-time examination method that correlates with the Remuzzi score and renal pathology. Therefore, it can be used as a prospective preoperative non-invasive evaluation method for the donor's kidney.

Sirolimus in combination with low-dose extended-release tacrolimus in kidney transplant recipients.

Introduction: Many challenges remain for long-term survival of renal allografts. Once-daily sirolimus (SRL) combined with low-dose extended-release tacrolimus (LER-TAC) may improve medication adherence and reduce the potential nephrotoxicity of calcineurin inhibitors (CNI) compared with standard immunosuppression regimens, thus potentially improving long-term graft survival. Methods: This retrospective, observational, single-center, propensity score matching (PSM) study compared conversion to SRL combined with low-dose ER-TAC and mycophenolic acid (MPA) combined with standard-dose TAC in kidney transplant recipients. After PSM, there were 56 patients in each group. Efficacy, safety, and medication adherence were evaluated over 12 months. Results: There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of graft and recipient survival and incidence of biopsy-proven acute rejection (p = 1.000), and none of the recipients developed dnDSA after conversion. The mean eGFR improved in SRL + LER-TAC group after conversion compared to before conversion (51.12 ± 20.1 ml/min/1.73 m2 vs. 56.97 ± 19.23 ml/min/1.73 m2, p < 0.05). The medication adherence at 12 months after conversion was superior to before conversion (p = 0.002). Discussion: Our findings suggest that an immunosuppressive regimen of SRL combined with low-dose ER-TAC is no less effective and safe than standard immunosuppressive regimens for renal transplant recipients and may improve graft renal function and medication adherence.

Serum exosomal hsa-circ-0004771 modulates the resistance of colorectal cancer to 5-fluorouracil via regulating miR-653/ZEB2 signaling pathway.

BACKGROUND: Drug resistance is a major obstacle causing chemotherapy failure, and enabling cancer progression. Exosome excreted by cancer cells is participated in cancer progression and chemoresistance, and can be used as an prognostic biomarker. Previous studies have revealed that serum exosomal hsa-circ-0004771 is over-expressed in colorectal cancer (CRC) sufferers and suggested it as a predictive biomarker for early diagnosis and prognosis of CRC. This work will to investigate the role and mechanism of serum exosomal hsa-circ-0004771 in mediating resistance to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in CRC. METHODS: Serum and tissue samples were collected from 60 patients with CRC/ benign intestinal disease, and 60 healthy control. Exosomes were isolated and identified from serum samples and cell cultured media with TEM, WB, NTA, and flow cytometry. qRT-PCR and WB were performed to evaluate mRNA expressions of exosomal has-circ-0004771 and miR-653, and ZEB2 protein expression, respectively. Cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis abilities were assessed with BrdU and colony formation assay, wound-healing assay, and flow cytometry, respectively. RESULTS: Exosomal hsa-circ-0004771 was over-expressed in CRC serum and cell cultured media, while miR-653 was lower-expressed in CRC tissues and cells. Negative correlations existed between exosomal hsa-circ-0004771 in the patients' serum/cell culture media and miR-653 in CRC tissues/cells, and between miR-653 and ZEB2 in CRC cells. Exosomal hsa-circ-0004771 in CRC cell cultured media was positively related to ZEB2 in CRC cells. MiR-653 was associated with poor prognosis of CRC patients, and its upregulation restrained CRC cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and stimulated apoptosis. Exosomal hsa-circ-0004771 was higher-expressed in 5-FU-resistant CRC serum and cell cultured media, miR-653 was downregulated and ZEB2 was overexpressed in 5-FU-resistant CRC cells. In vitro, exosomal hsa-circ-0004771 in cell cultured media may be involved in 5-FU-resistance by modulating miR-653/ZEB2 pathway. CONCLUSIONS: miR-653 plays as a tumour suppressor in CRC progression, and serum exosomal hsa-circ-0004771 may be a predictive biomarker for 5-FU-resistance in CRC patients, potentially through miR-653/ZEB2 axis.

Values of Donor Serum Lipids and Calcium in Predicting Graft Function after Kidney Transplantation: A Retrospective Study.

OBJECTIVE: Delayed graft function (DGF) and early graft loss of renal grafts are determined by the quality of the kidneys from the deceased donor. As "non-traditional" risk factors, serum biomarkers of donors, such as lipids and electrolytes, have drawn increasing attention due to their effects on the postoperative outcomes of renal grafts. This study aimed to examine the value of these serum biomarkers for prediction of renal graft function. METHODS: The present study consecutively collected 306 patients who underwent their first single kidney transplantation (KT) from adult deceased donors in our center from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2019. The correlation between postoperative outcomes [DGF and abnormal serum creatinine (SCr) after 6 and 12 months] and risk factors of donors, including gender, age, body mass index (BMI), past histories, serum lipid biomarkers [cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (DL)], and serum electrolytes (calcium and sodium) were analyzed and evaluated. RESULTS: (1) Donor age and pre-existing hypertension were significantly correlated with the incidence rate of DGF and high SCr level (≥2 mg/dL) at 6 and 12 months after KT (P<0.05); (2) The donor's BMI was significantly correlated with the incidence rate of DGF after KT (P<0.05); (3) For serum lipids, merely the low level of serum HDL of the donor was correlated with the reduced incidence rate of high SCr level at 12 months after KT [P<0.05, OR (95% CI): 0.425 (0.202-0.97)]; (4) The serum calcium of the donor was associated with the reduced incidence rate of high SCr level at 6 and 12 months after KT [P<0.05, OR (95% CI): 0.184 (0.045-0.747) and P<0.05, OR (95% CI): 0.114 (0.014-0.948), respectively]. CONCLUSION: The serum HDL and calcium of the donor may serve as predictive factors for the postoperative outcomes of renal grafts after KT, in addition to the donor's age, BMI and pre-existing hypertension.

Porcine anti-human lymphocyte immunoglobulin depletes the lymphocyte population to promote successful kidney transplantation.

Introduction: Porcine anti-human lymphocyte immunoglobulin (pALG) has been used in kidney transplantation, but its impacts on the lymphocyte cell pool remain unclear. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 12 kidney transplant recipients receiving pALG, and additional recipients receiving rabbit anti-human thymocyte immunoglobulin (rATG), basiliximab, or no induction therapy as a comparison group. Results: pALG showed high binding affinity to peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) after administration, immediately depleting blood lymphocytes; an effect that was weaker than rATG but stronger than basiliximab. Single-cell sequencing analysis showed that pALG mainly influenced T cells and innate immune cells (mononuclear phagocytes and neutrophils). By analyzing immune cell subsets, we found that pALG moderately depleted CD4+T cells, CD8+T cells, regulatory T cells, and NKT cells and mildly inhibited dendritic cells. Serum inflammatory cytokines (IL-2, IL-6) were only moderately increased compared with rATG, which might be beneficial in terms of reducing the risk of untoward immune activation. During 3 months of follow-up, we found that all recipients and transplanted kidneys survived and showed good organ function recovery; there were no cases of rejection and a low rate of complications. Discussion: In conclusion, pALG acts mainly by moderately depleting T cells and is thus a good candidate for induction therapy for kidney transplant recipients. The immunological features of pALG should be exploited for the development of individually-optimized induction therapies based on the needs of the transplant and the immune status of the patient, which is appropriate for non-high-risk recipients.

Successful Unilateral Dual-Kidney Transplant of Discarded Kidneys From Two Expanded Criteria Donors.

In recent years, dual-kidney transplant has become an established method to overcome the inferior quality of donor organs and to allow the recovery of discarded human kidneys. However, in some cases, 1 of the 2 donor kidneys is unsuitable for transplant because of severe pathological changes, and the remaining marginal kidney is often discarded regardless of whether it meets criteria for dual-kidney transplant. Here, we report the use of marginal kidneys from 2 different donors, both of whom had missed kidney donation as a result of the serious pathological changes in their contralateral kidney. We combined the 2 donors' marginal kidneys for dual-kidney transplant, which were implanted into the right iliac fossa of the recipient after cold ischemia times of 13 hours 40 minutes and 30 hours 30 minutes, respectively. The recipient had fully recovered and showed favorable renal function without complications at discharge and at the 1.5-year follow-up. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report of successful unilateral dual-kidney transplant of discarded kidneys from 2 expanded criteria donors.

Six Genes Associated with Lymphatic Metastasis in Colon Adenocarcinoma Linked to Prognostic Value and Tumor Immune Cell Infiltration.

Objective: The aim of the study is to explore the relationship between lymphatic metastasis genes, prognosis, and immune cell infiltration in patients with colon cancer. Methods: Based on the Cancer Genome Atlas Program (TCGA) database, differentially expressed genes and prognostic genes related to colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) lymphatic metastasis were screened and intersected. We used lasso and univariate Cox regression analysis to screen core genes and establish a preliminary prediction model. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis was used for lymphatic metastasis-related genes, and single GSEA was used for the final screening results. Finally, we evaluated the relationship between identified genes and immune cell infiltration. Results: A total of 1727 genes were differentially expressed between COAD patients with TNM stages of N0 and N1. After further screening, six core genes (RNU4-2, ZNF556, RNVU1-15, NSA2P6, RN7SL767P, and RN7SL473P) were obtained, and a preliminary prediction model was established, in which ZNF556 was a risk factor, and the rest were protective factors. Single GSEA showed that pathways such as systemic lupus erythematosus might play an important role in the initial lymphatic metastasis of COAD. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis of 1727 genes supported this result. Immune infiltration analysis showed that six genes were significantly correlated with T cell and NK cell families. Conclusion: Six core genes may affect COAD initial lymphatic metastasis through the systemic lupus erythematosus pathway and immune cell infiltration.

Liraglutide Attenuates Hepatic Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Modulating Macrophage Polarization.

Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a common complication associated with liver surgery, and macrophages play an important role in hepatic IRI. Liraglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analog primarily used to treat type 2 diabetes and obesity, regulates intracellular calcium homeostasis and protects the cardiomyocytes from injury; however, its role in hepatic IRI is not yet fully understood. This study aimed to investigate whether liraglutide can protect the liver from IRI and determine the possible underlying mechanisms. Our results showed that liraglutide pretreatment significantly alleviated the liver damage caused by ischemia-reperfusion (I/R), as evidenced by H&E staining, serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, and TUNEL staining. Furthermore, the levels of inflammatory cytokines elicited by I/R were distinctly suppressed by liraglutide pretreatment, accompanied by significant reduction in TNF-α, IL-1ß, and IL-6 levels. Furthermore, pretreatment with liraglutide markedly inhibited macrophage type I (M1) polarization during hepatic IRI, as revealed by the significant reduction in CD68+ levels in Kupffer cells (KCs) detected via flow cytometry. However, the protective effects of liraglutide on hepatic IRI were partly diminished in GLP-1 receptor-knockout (GLP-1R-/-) mice. Furthermore, in an in vitro study, we assessed the role of liraglutide in macrophage polarization by examining the expression profiles of M1 in bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) from GLP-1R-/- and C57BL/6J mice. Consistent with the results of the in vivo study, liraglutide treatment attenuated the LPS-induced M1 polarization and reduced the expression of M1 markers. However, the inhibitory effect of liraglutide on LPS-induced M1 polarization was largely abolished in BMDMs from GLP-1R-/- mice. Collectively, our study indicates that liraglutide can ameliorate hepatic IRI by inhibiting macrophage polarization towards an inflammatory phenotype via GLP-1R. Its protective effect against liver IRI suggests that liraglutide may serve as a potential drug for the clinical treatment of liver IRI.

Rocaglamide Prolonged Allograft Survival by Inhibiting Differentiation of Th1/Th17 Cells in Cardiac Transplantation.

BACKGROUND: Aglaia (Meliaceae) species are used for treating autoimmune disorders and allergic diseases in Asian countries. Rocaglamide, an extract obtained from Aglaia species, exhibits suppressive effect by regulating the T cell subset balance and cytokine network in cancer. However, whether it can be used in organ transplantation is unknown. In this study, we investigated the antirejection effect and mechanism of action of rocaglamide in a mouse cardiac allograft model. METHODS: Survival studies were performed by administering mice with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) (n = 6) and rocaglamide (n = 8). Heart grafts were monitored until they stopped beating. After grafting, the mice were sacrificed on day 7 for histological, mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and flow cytometric analyses. RESULTS: Rocaglamide administration significantly prolonged the median survival of the grafts from 7 to 25 days compared with PBS treatment (P < 0.001). On posttransplantation day 7, the rocaglamide-treated group showed a significant decrease in the percentage of Th1 cells (7.9 ± 0.9% vs. 1.58 ± 0.5%, P < 0.001) in the lymph nodes and spleen (8.0 ± 2.5% vs. 2.4 ± 1.3%, P < 0.05). Rocaglamide treatment also significantly inhibited the production of Th17 cells (6.4 ± 1.0% vs. 1.8 ± 0.4%, P < 0.01) in the lymph nodes and spleen (5.9 ± 0.3% vs. 2.9 ± 0.8%, P < 0.01). Furthermore, the prolonged survival of the grafts was associated with a significant decrease in IFN-γ and IL-17 levels. Our results also showed that NF-AT activation was inhibited by rocaglamide, which also induced p38 and Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) phosphorylation in Jurkat T cells. Furthermore, by using inhibitors that suppressed p38 and JNK phosphorylation, rocaglamide-mediated reduction in NF-AT protein levels was prevented. CONCLUSION: We identified a new immunoregulatory property of rocaglamide, wherein it was found to regulate oxidative stress response and reduce inflammatory cell infiltration and organ injury, which have been associated with the inhibition of NF-AT activation in T cells.

MiR-873-5p targets THUMPD1 to inhibit gastric cancer cell behavior and chemoresistance.

BACKGROUND: Gastric cancer is one of the most common gastrointestinal tumors. Evidence has pointed to the fact that miRNAs play critical roles in the occurrence, development, and metastasis of gastric cancer by regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and invasion. METHODS: In this study, first the relationship of miR-873-5p level and tissues types/LN(+/-)/metastasis(+/-)/tumor size was analysis, respectively. Second, the CCK8 and Transwell assay was used to determine the proliferation, invasion and migration of GC cells transfected with overexpression-/low expression-miR-873-5p. Third, the cell viability were analysis in the GC cells transfected with overexpression-/low expression-miR-873-5p treatment with different chemotherapy drugs. Fourth, the target gene of miR-873-5p was predicted using bioinformation methods. Fifth, the relationship of miR-873-5p with target gene-THUMPD1 were explored by using Wb and luciferase activity assay, et al. RESULTS: We confirmed that miR-873-5p was negatively correlated with GC including tumor size, LN metastasis, distant metastasis. The miR-873-5p enhanced the sensitivity of Doxorubicin/Fluorouracil and cisplatin. The THUMPD1 was the target gene of miR-873-5p. Moreover, miR-873-5p could target the THUMPD1 axis so as to inhibit gastric cancer cell behavior as well as chemoresistance. CONCLUSIONS: MiR-873-5p plays a role in regulating cell behavior as well as regulating chemoresistance in gastric cancer. In addition, THUMPD1, as a downstream molecule of miR-873-5p, plays an important role in the cell behavior and chemoresistance of gastric cancer. The research first confirmed that miR-873-5p could inhibit gastric cancer cell behavior and chemoresistance by targeting the THUMPD1.

LncRNA ITGB2-AS1 promotes the progression of clear cell renal cell carcinoma by modulating miR-328-5p/HMGA1 axis.

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common histologic subtype of renal cell carcinoma and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in the progression of ccRCC. In this study, we aim to explore the potential function of ITGB2-AS1 in ccRCC progression and its underlying molecular mechanism. We first explored the association between ITGB2-AS1 expression level and ccRCC prognosis. We found that the expression level of ITGB2-AS1 was significantly higher in ccRCC tumor and cell lines, and highly expressed ITGB2-AS1 was also associated with a poorer prognosis. Consistently, silencing ITGB2-AS1 inhibited proliferation, promoted apoptosis in ccRCC cell lines, and curbed the tumorigenesis in the Xenograft model, reduced tumorigenesis in a xenograft tumor growth model. We further identified and confirmed the miRNA miR-328-5p as a target of ITGB2-AS1, and miR-328-5p negatively regulated the expression of HMGA1 protein. The anti-tumor effect of silencing ITGB2-AS1 could be partially rescued by inhibiting miR-328-5p activity or overexpressing HMGA1, indicating that ITGB2-AS1 promotes the survival and progression of ccRCC by modulating miR-328-5p/HMGA1 axis. Collectively, our data demonstrated that ITGB2-AS1 expression level is positively correlated with the survival and tumorigenesis of ccRCC. As a target of ITGB2-AS1, miR-328-5p seems to function as a tumor-suppressor, and the oncogenic effect of ITGB2-AS1 is partially mediated via the miR-328-5p/HMGA1 axis.

HER2 Exon 20 Insertion Mutations in Lung Adenocarcinoma: Case Series and Response to Pyrotinib.

HER2 mutations have emerged as oncogenic driver gene mutations in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which have not been described in detail like other driver gene mutations. Here, 295 patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma were retrospectively screened for HER2 mutations using next-generation sequencing (NGS), and the positive cases were validated by Sanger sequencing. We identified five cases with HER2 exon 20 insertions, representing 1.7% of 295 lung adenocarcinomas. Among them, four different subtypes of HER2 exon 20 insertions were identified, including a rare subtype G778_S779insCPG never reported before with a partial response (PR) to pyrotinib and progression-free survival (PFS) of 12.8 months. Our findings reveal that HER2 exon 20 insertion mutations were detected in a small subset of lung adenocarcinomas. Given the different drug sensitivities, determining the mutation subtype by next-generation sequencing at the time of diagnosis might make sense.

Successful treatment of severe COVID-19 pneumonia in a liver transplant recipient.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic spreads rapidly and may be an increasing challenge for transplant community. Clinical data on COVID-19 infection in transplant population is very limited. Herein we presented the clinical course and outcome of a 50-year-old male post liver transplantation who contracted COVID-19, with subsequent infection of his wife. The process of illness was representative. A therapeutic regime with temporary immunosuppression withdrawal and systemic low-dose corticosteroid as principle was involved in the management of the patient which made him recover from severe COVID-19 pneumonia.

A familial cluster, including a kidney transplant recipient, of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan, China.

In December 2019, an outbreak of COVID-19 occurred in Wuhan, China, and spread to the whole of China and to multiple countries worldwide. Unlike SARS and MERS, where secondary transmission mostly occurred in hospital settings, COVID-19 transmission occurs in large numbers within families. Herein we report three cases of a familial cluster with one family member being a kidney transplant recipient. The initial clinical symptoms of COVID-19 in these three patients were the same, but their progression was different. Based on the severity of clinical symptoms, chest computer tomography findings and SARS-Cov-2 RNA test results, we admitted the husband to the respiratory intensive care unit (RICU) and used a treatment consisting of immunosuppressant reduction/cessation and low dose methylprednisolone-based therapy, and his wife to the respiratory isolation ward. In contrast, the son received in-home isolation and home-based care. All three family members made a full recovery.

Long-term outcome and recurrence of hepatitis B virus following liver transplantation from hepatitis B surface antigen-positive donors in a Chinese population.

Due to the severe shortage of the donor pool in China, a large number of patients are waiting for a suitable liver, or even worse lose the opportunity of transplantation. Reasonable use of hepatitis B surface antigen-positive (HBsAg-positive) donors is one possible strategy to increase the donor pool but the long-term outcome in a Chinese population is unknown. To evaluate the safety of using of HBsAg-positive donor for liver transplantation, we set up a multicentric retrospective study from 1 January 2007 to 31 December 2012. A total of 8632 patients underwent liver transplantation during the period and 282 (2.97%) received a liver from a HBsAg-positive donor. A total of 259 cases in both the case and control groups were matched. The incidence of postoperative liver dysfunction, early-stage and long-term complications and the 1-, 3- and 5-year patient survival (78.92% vs 85.65%, 60.41% vs 69.14%, 58.08% vs 69.14%, respectively) showed no difference between the two groups (P value > 0.05). However, the 1-, 3- and 5-year HBV recurrence for patients received the HBsAg-positive donor was higher compared with controls (5.85% vs 1.97%, 11.63% vs 4.46%, 17.94% vs 4.46%, respectively, P value = 0.016). Our results showed the use of HBsAg-positive donors is feasible and postoperative antiviral therapy should be managed.

Early De Novo Donor Specific Antibody Involvement in Delayed Graft Function After Kidney Transplantation: A Report of 2 Cases.

Kidney tubular damage caused by ischemia-reperfusion injury is considered the major cause of delayed graft function (DGF) after renal transplantation. It is not clear whether early generated de novo donor specific antibodies (DSA) play a role in DGF. Here, we report 2 cases of renal transplant with DGF, which seems to be associated with de novo DSA. When the early produced de novo DSA are not potent enough to mediate acute rejection, they may cause mild intra-graft injury, which has a significant impact on the degree of DGF and its recovery. Antibody-targeted therapy seems to be beneficial to the recovery of patients with DGF.

[Histopathologic analysis of 1500 renal allograft biopsies].

OBJECTIVE: To summarize the histopathological features of posttransplant complications for renal allografts and evaluate the biopsy values. METHODS: Between January 1997 and May 2010, a total of 1712 percutaneous renal allograft biopsies were performed in 1500 kidney transplants and diagnostic procedures for staining, classification and staging had been performed according to the Banff 1997 and 2005 Schema. RESULTS: There were 213 (14.2%) cases of acute T cell-mediated rejection post transplantation in 1500 kidney transplants. Meanwhile there were 36 (2.4%) cases of acute antibody-mediated rejection. Chronic T cell-mediated rejection and chronic antibody-mediated rejection were 251 (16.7%) cases and 45 (3.0%) cases, respectively. Acute CNI-nephrotoxicity and chronic CNI-nephrotoxicity were 106 (7.1%)cases and 251 (16.7%) cases, respectively. Relapsed or new nephropathy were 6 (0.4%) cases. Chronic CNI-nephrotoxicity is the most common cause of allograft dysfunction in the long survival recipients. CONCLUSION: Percutaneous renal allograft biopsy is valuable for the diagnosis of various posttransplantation complications.

[Histopathological study of 268 hepatic allograft biopsies].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the histopathological features of posttransplant complications for hepatic allografts and evaluate their biopsy values. METHODS: From January 1999 to May 2011, a total of 268 percutaneous hepatic allograft biopsies were conducted in 207 recipients and the diagnostic procedures for staining, classification and staging performed according to the Banff schema and Chinese Schema on hepatic allograft rejection. RESULTS: Among them, there were ischemia/reperfusion injury (n = 26, 9.7%), acute T cell-mediated rejection (n = 83, 31.0%), acute antibody-mediated rejection (n = 12, 4.5%), chronic posttransplantation rejection (n = 31, 11.6%), immunosuppressive-induced liver injury (n = 70, 26.1%) and recurrent diseases (n = 18, 6.7%). Acute T cell-mediated rejection and drug-induced liver injury were two most common causes of allograft dysfunctions. CONCLUSION: Percutaneous hepatic allograft biopsy is valuable for the diagnosis and evaluation of various posttransplantation complications.