Effect of Guanxin Danshen Dripping Pills on Coronary Heart Disease Comorbid with Depression or Anxiety: The ADECODE-Real World Study.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of Guanxin Danshen Dripping Pill (GXDSDP) in treating anxiety and depression in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). METHODS: A total of 1,428 patients diagnosed with CHD screened for anxiety, depression, and quality of life (QOL) at baseline received 0.4 g of GXDSDP treatment 3 times per day and returned for monthly reassessment. Patients were recruited after stable treatment for CHD and received assessment of General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ) for evaluating anxiety, depression, and QOL. Patients were followed up 3 times, once every 4 weeks, during outpatient visits for 12 weeks. RESULTS: At the third follow-up (F3), the anxiety symptom of 63.79% (673/1,055) of the patients improved to sub-clinical level, and the GAD-7 score improved significantly (8.11 vs. 3.87, P<0.01); 57.52% (585/1,017) patients' depressive symptoms improved to sub-clinical level, with a significant improvement in PHQ-9 score (8.69 vs. 4.41, P<0.01) at F3. All aspects of QOL significantly improved at the end of treatment compared to those at baseline (all P<0.01) as assessed by SAQ: physical limitation (31.17 vs. 34.14), anginal stability (2.74 vs. 4.14), anginal frequency (8.16 vs. 9.10), treatment satisfaction (13.43 vs. 16.29), and disease perception (8.69 vs. 11.02). CONCLUSIONS: A fixed dosage of GXDSDP may be a potential treatment option for CHD patients comorbid with anxiety or depression. (Registration No. ChiCTR2100051523).

Metabolomic and transcriptomic profiling of three types of litchi pericarps reveals that changes in the hormone balance constitute the molecular basis of the fruit cracking susceptibility of Litchi chinensis cv. Baitangying.

Many Litchi chinensis cv. Baitangying orchards are suffering from a serious fruit cracking problem, but few studies have improved our understanding of the mechanism or the molecular basis of cracking susceptibility in 'Baitangying'. We conducted metabolome and transcriptome analyses of three types of litchi pericarps. To prevent passive progression after fruit cracking from affecting the results, we mainly focused on 11 metabolites and 101 genes that showed the same regulatory status and overlap in pairwise comparisons of cracking 'Baitangying' versus noncracking 'Baitangying' and noncracking 'Baitangying' versus noncracking 'Feizixiao'. Compared with the cracking-resistant cultivar 'Feizixiao', the 'Baitangying' pericarp has higher abscisic acid contents, and the presence of relevant metabolites and genes suggests increased biosynthesis of ethylene and jasmonic acid and decreased auxin and brassinosteroid biosynthesis. The fruit cracking-susceptible trait in 'Baitangying' might be associated with differences in the balance of these five types of hormones between the pericarp of this cultivar and that of 'Feizixiao'. Additionally, combined analyses showed a correspondence between the metabolite profiles and transcript patterns. qRT-PCR validation indicated the reliability of our high-throughput results. The acquired information might help in further studying the mechanisms that mediate fruit cracking susceptibility in 'Baitangying' and other litchi cultivars.

[Taxonomic status of Anopheles yatsushiroensis in Rongcheng City of Shandong Province].

OBJECTIVE: To clarify the taxonomic status of Anopheles yatsushiroensis in Rongcheng City of Shandong Province. METHODS: By the end of August 2009, Anopheles yatsushiroensis were collected in the western suburbs of Wangjia Village of Rongcheng City, and raised for the next generation of various types of adult mosquitoes. Through morphological identification of filial generation various types, mosquito feet of 1-2 mosquitoes of various types were taken for complete DNA extraction, and complete sequence analysis of rDNA-ITS2 alignment was made by PCR. Multiple sequnence comparison was carried out with those previously documented by DNAstar7.1, including An. yatsushiroensis in Shandong Province (YSD, AY306128), An. yatsushiroensis in Sichuan Province (YSC, AY170925), An. yatsushiroensis in Liaoning Province (YLN, AY170923) and An. yatsushiroensis from South Korea (YK, AF146749). RESULTS: 56 An. yatsushiroensis with blood meal were collected in Rongcheng City, of which 7 successfully laid eggs, and received 354 adult mosquitoes of filiar generation, including 240 An. yatsushiroensis (Y type), 8 An. pullus (P type) and 106 hybrid type (H). The rDNA-ITS2 sequence alignment homology between single-parent female offspring of adult mosquitoes and various types of An. yatsushiroensis segments (JN865249, JN865246, JN865247, JN865248) was 98.7-100%, and the rDNA-ITS2 sequence alignment homology to those from Sichuan (YSC), Liaoning (YLN) and Korea (YK) was 98.5%-99.3%, 98.7%-99.6% and 98.7 to 100%, respectively, while to the original An. yatsushiroensis from Rongcheng (YSD), it was only 67.1%-68.5%. CONCLUSION: There are Y, P and H types of An. yatsushiroensis in Rongcheng City, Shandong Province, but the rDNA-ITS2 sequence is close to An. pullus. The local distribution of An. pullus is deduced.