RESUMO
To investigate the origin and genetic diversity of domestic pigs, the porcine TYR exon 1 in 36 individuals from 12 Chinese indigenous breeds, three European breeds, eight Chinese wild boars and two Vietnamese wild boars was sequenced. Sequence analysis revealed six synonymous mutations, and all the sequences could be sorted into 4 haplotypes. Combining with the published sequences, we constructed a reduced median network (RM network), in which TYR*2 was a haplotype dominated by European domestic pigs and wild boars, plus only three chromosomes from Asian pigs. Most Asian domestic pigs and wild boars shared haplotype TYR*1, demonstrating that TYR*1 was an Asian specific haplotype. Meanwhile, some European domestic pigs and wild boars carried the haplotype TYR*1. TYR*3 and TYR*4 were two haplotypes with low frequencies, containing mainly Chinese indigenous pigs and Asian wild boars, plus some European domestic pigs. Independent domestication of pigs from Asia and Europe was supported by the pattern of RM network. The European commercial breeds had been suffered from introgression from Chinese pigs, and a few Chinese indigenous breeds and Japanese wild boars were also suffered from introgression from European pigs as well.
Assuntos
Éxons , Variação Genética , Suínos/genética , Tirosina/genética , Animais , Ásia , China , Cromossomos de Mamíferos/genética , Europa (Continente) , Evolução Molecular , Fluxo Gênico , Haplótipos , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Suínos/classificaçãoRESUMO
The 1 042 bp control region of mitochondrial DNA from 84 geese of 15 domestic goose breeds was sequenced and genetic differentiation was analysed. Results showed that the interpopulation nucleotide divergence was highest (3.805% -4.067%) between Yili and the other 14 breeds. The average nucleotide diversity variation within different domestic breeds was 0 - 0.116%. Excluding the Yili, the interpopulation nucleotide divergence between Huoyan and the remaining breeds, was 0.211% - 0.272%, which was significantly higher than that between any other two breeds (0 -0.094%). During the formation of domestic breeds in China,there is an association between the genetic differentiation of domestic geese and their geographic distribution. The divergence time of Huoyan breed was relatively earlier and genetic drift may have been the main factor to affect the genetic differentiation of the Huoyan breed (Nm = 0.02 -0.54). On the other hand, gene flow is the main reason for the lack of a clear differentiation among the remaining 13 Chinese domestic geese breeds (Nm = 12.0 - 65.33).
Assuntos
DNA Mitocondrial/genética , Gansos/genética , Variação Genética , Animais , Cruzamento , China , DNA Mitocondrial/química , Feminino , Gansos/classificação , Fluxo Gênico , Deriva Genética , Masculino , Filogenia , Análise de Sequência de DNARESUMO
In this study, random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis was used to estimate genetic diversity and relationship in 134 samples belonging to two native cattle breeds from the Yunnan province of China (DeHong cattle and DiQing cattle) and four introduced beef cattle breeds (Brahman, Simmental, MurryGrey, and ShortHorn). Ten primers were used, and a total of 84 bands were scored, of which 63 bands (75.0%) were polymorphic. The genetic distance matrix was obtained by proportions of shared fragment. The results indicate that the Yunnnan DeHong cattle breed is closely related to the Brahman (Bos indicus), and the Yunnan DiQing cattle breed is closely related to the Simmental, ShortHorn, and MurryGrey (Bos taurus) breeds. Our results imply that Bos indicus and Bos taurus were the two main origins of Yunnan native cattle. The results also provide the basic genetic materials for conservation of cattle resources and crossbreeding of beef cattle breeds in South China.
Assuntos
Bovinos/genética , Variação Genética , Animais , Cruzamento , China , Genética Populacional , Carne , Filogenia , Polimorfismo Genético , Técnica de Amplificação ao Acaso de DNA PolimórficoRESUMO
To investigate the genetic diversity and genetic data of Baoshan pig in Yunnan province,the mitochondrial DNA D-loop hypervariable segment I sequences 15 363 approximately 15 801 (438 bp) in 19 individuals of Baoshan pig were sequenced. Ten mitochondrial haplotypes were identified in the samples, with 8 sites showing polymorphism, which were 5 T/C and 1 G/A transitions, 1 G/C and 1 A/T transversions. The contents of A,T,G and C were 35.4%,26 9%,13.2% and 24.5%,respectively. The content of A+T (62.3%) was significantly higher than that of G+C (37.3%). It will be of importance to conservation and sustainable utilization in Baoshan pig.
