[Structure of the retinal ganglionic layer in mammals]. / Stroenie ganglioznogo sloia setchatki nekotorykh mlekopitaiushchikh.

In total preparations impregnated with silver nitrate after Kampos the ganglionic retinal layer has been studied in some Mammalia. Two types of ganglionic cells are demonstrated. Some occupy the retinal spot. These are small (areal, dwarfish), cells, others--large, multipolar, circularly arranging, in layers around the nervus opticus disc along the remaining part of the retina. Both the former and the latter can be arranged in groups of two cells, their bodies situating near each other and their processes having the same direction. Single ganglionic cells possess special dendrites with terminal enlargements (proper sensitive neurons). Small neural cells situating in the layer of neural fibers are of vegetative nature.

[Double system of ganglionic neurons in the retina]. / Dvoinye sistemy ganglioznykh neironov v setchatke

The work is devoted to an unusual distribution of large neurons of the ganglionic layer of the retina in the cow and horse-in the shape of double systems. The cells forming the double system are referred to the morphological type of alphacells comprising the minority of the total number of all ganglionic cells, being found mainly in peripheral parts of the retina. The methods used were silver impregnation, cytological, histochemical and biometrical techniques. General morphological parameters are established with relatively close disposition of perikaryons from one another. Functional mutual substitution of "twin-cells" of adaptational character is supposed resulting from the necessity of rapid and exact visual analysis.

[Age characteristics of the structure of the human retina]. / K vozrastnym osobennostiam stroeniia setchatki cheloveka

Cytological, histochemical and neurohistological methods were used to study the human retina (27 corpses of people from 60 to 80 years of age). Two retinas from people of 32 and 27 years served as controls. The activity of alkaline phosphatase in neurons was established to increases with age. There were also enlargement of cysts and an increase of the square surface of their distribution in the retina, numerous aneurysmatic swelling along the course of the retinal capillaries. The nerve elements of the retina degenerated more often with age and partly died. Varicosities and excessively growing enlarged terminals were found along the course of dendritic and axonic processes. In the macular zone there were hypertrophicsynapses and circularly running sinuous fine fibres. Solitary ganglionic cells in this region had dendrites directed toward on side-they ere asymmetrical. The astrocytigglia was not changed. The fovea bottom contained may Muller's cells. Possible interpretation of the mechanism of appearance of vaicosities and excrescences in the nerve fibres with age age is presented.