Promoter polymorphism in the CD14 gene and concentration of soluble CD14 in patients with in-stent restenosis after elective coronary stenting.

BACKGROUND: Activated monocytes/macrophages, neutrophils, endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells participate in the restenosis processes. Monocytes/macrophages and neutrophils are activated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) via CD14. Endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells are also stimulated by soluble CD14 (sCD14)-LPS complexes. METHODS: We tested the hypothesis that C(-260)-->T polymorphism of the CD14 gene and sCD14 might be predictors for in-stent restenosis. We analyzed 129 consecutive patients who underwent elective coronary stenting. The restenosis was defined as > or =50% diameter stenosis at follow-up angiography. RESULTS: The prevalence of the T/T genotype and the concentration of sCD14 were significantly higher in the restenosis group than in the no-restenosis group. This CD14 polymorphism also affected the levels of sCD14, therefore, we divided the patients into four groups. The loss index was 24.8% in C/C or C/T and < or =50th percentile of sCD14, 35.9% in T/T and < or =50th percentile of sCD14, 44.2% in C/C or C/T and >50th percentile of sCD14, and 49.1% in T/T and >50th percentile of sCD14 (P=0.02). The restenosis rate was 10.0%, 26.7%, 26.2% and 50.0% in each group, respectively (P=0.003). In the multivariate analysis, T/T and >50th percentile of sCD14 was the independent predictor for in-stent restenosis. CONCLUSIONS: This study showed that the T/T genotype with a high level of sCD14 is an independent predictor of in-stent restenosis. The activation of monocytes/macrophages, endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells mediated by CD14 and/or sCD14 may play an important role in the restenosis processes.

Predictive value of the adipocyte-derived plasma protein adiponectin for restenosis after elective coronary stenting.

The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that plasma levels of adiponectin can predict angiographic in-stent restenosis after coronary stenting. We prospectively examined adiponectin levels in 127 consecutive patients undergoing elective coronary stenting. Restenosis was defined as more than 50% stenosis at follow-up study by quantitative coronary angiography. There were no significant differences in the clinical characteristics or angiographical findings between the groups with restenosis and no restenosis. The levels of adiponectin did not differ between the restenosis group and the no restenosis group (5.7 +/- 2.8 vs 5.9 +/- 3.6 microg/mL, p = 0.72). The plasma levels of adiponectin were not related with the late loss index after coronary stenting (r = 0.01, p = 0.89). The levels of adiponectin were significantly lower in men than in women (5.5 +/- 3.2 vs 8.8 +/- 3.7 microg/ mL, p < 0.001), and negatively correlated with body mass index (r = -0.21, p = 0.01). We analyzed adiponectin levels in male, female, obese, non-obese, diabetes, and non-diabetes patients, however, there were no significant differences between the restenosis group and no restenosis group. This study has demonstrated that the measurement of adiponectin could not predict angiographic restenosis after elective coronary stenting, whereas the plasma levels of adiponectin were associated with some coronary risk factors in patients with coronary artery disease.