[Morphological changes in lungs during chest irradiation]. / Morfologicheskie izmeneniia v legkikh pri obluchenii oblasti grudi.

Morphological characteristics of the lung are presented for rats and hamsters with esophageal and lung damages following chest exposure to 10-100 Gy. A four-month post-exposure follow-up revealed changes in the lung tissue in all cases. Depending on radiation dose, lung damages differed in genesis and time of development. These were either extensive secondary suppurative inflammation in the bronchi and alveolar parenchyma, to the point of empyemas, or radiation injuries proper of alveolar and bronchial epithelia, being degenerative and atrophic in nature. In four months after exposure to 18-42 Gy, the hamsters exhibited a pathological process, i.e. a basis for pulmonary fibrosis and cardiopulmonary insufficiency to be developed.

[Synergism and interference in the combined biological action of ionizing and SHF radiation]. / Sinergizm i interferentsiia pri sochetannom biologicheskom deistvii ioniziruiushchikh i SVCh-izluchenii.

In experiments with 933 (CBA x C57Bl)F1 mice it has been found that with any variant of alternation and sequence of single ionizing and SHF irradiation with lethal doses, the radiation affection caused by gamma quanta is aggravated. Preirradiation with gamma or SHF radiation ameliorates the severity of the affection caused by the subsequent SHF radiation. Parenteral injection of colloidal sulfur 60 min before SHF radiation causes a 2-5-fold increase in the survival rate of exposed and protected mice as compared to unprotected animals.

[Automatic image analysis in the study of the microcirculatory bed]. / Avtomaticheskii analiz izobrazheniia v issledovanii mikrotsirkuliatornogo rusla.

The authors discuss the possibility of efficient morphometric analysis of capillary architectonics and pathological structural changes in microcirculatory bed with computer systems of image analysis using selective histological staining of microvessels. It is suggested that a histochemical method of alkaline phosphatase identification is used for cerebral, cardiac, adrenal, hepatic, splenal, gastrointestinal, sceletal muscle, testes, urine bladder, serosae and other rat organ capillaries computerized analysis. It is recommended to impregnate the microcirculatory bed of bigger omentum of large laboratory animals according to V. Kupriyanov's method, and to stain the labrocytes of the perivascular loose connective tissue of serious membranes in large laboratory animals with alcohol solution of toluidine blue.

[Multivariate statistical analysis of tissue basophils in acute radiation sickness]. / Mnogomernyi statisticheskii analiz tkanevykh bazofilov pri ostroi luchevoi bolezni.

By means of mark scale estimation method, discriminant and factor analyses, changes in integral indices on the state of mast cells in the rat mesentery have been investigated in dynamics of medullary, intestinal and cerebral forms of an acute radiation sickness. The integral indices are calculated basing on the morphometric parameters of the cells, that are obtained after the histological preparations are treated in a special automatic system for analysing images. At the medullary form of the acute radiation sickness, the greatest structural rearrangements of the mast cells take place during the first hours after the radiation, as well as during the climax of the disease, at the intestinal form, the analogous changes are revealed 1-3 days after the effect, and at the cerebral form--3 h after the radiation. The integral indices, calculated by means of the three methods, are well correlated with each other.

[Changes in labrocytes during acute radiation sickness (morphometric study)]. / Izmeneniia labrotsitov pri ostroi luchevoi bolezni (morfometricheskoe issledovanie).

Changes in the morphometric parameters of rat mast cells during acute radiation sickness have been studied. The most significant deviation of the quantitative indices of mast cells from the control values were noted at the height of the bone-marrow, at the terminal stage of the intestinal, and during the first few hours of the cerebral forms of acute radiation sickness.

[Pathology of the rat mesenteric lymphatic bed in acute radiation sickness]. / Patologiia limfaticheskogo rusla bryzheiki krys pri ostroi luchevoi bolezni.

The authors have shown that in the medullary, intestinal and cerebral forms of acute radiation disease pathological changes of the lymphatic microvessels manifested themselves in the form of lymphostasis at the climax of disease in the medullary form of acute radiation disease and at the climax and in the terminal period in the intestinal form. A characteristic feature of the lymphatic channel involvement in the medullary form of acute radiation disease was a large number of erythrocytes in the lumen of the lymphatic vessels at the climax of disease. No changes of the mesenteric lymphatic channel of the rats were noted in the cerebral form. On the other hand, the presence of a large number of newly formed capillaries in the young rats at the climax of disease indicate the persistence of the proliferative ability of the lymphatic microvessel endothelium and its significant radioresistance.

[Changes in the microcirculatory bed of the mesentery in the rat in the intestinal form of acute radiation disease (experimental morphologic study)]. / Izmeneniia mikrososudistogo rusla bryzheiki krys pri kishechnoi forme ostroi luchevoi bolezni (éksperimental'no-morfologicheskoe issledovanie).

Total mesentery preparations of the rat after single total irradiation at the dose levels of 15 and 30 Gy were examined by V. V. Kupriyanov 's method and staining by N.E. Yarigin and S.V. Panchenko . Monotonous pathomorphological changes characteristic of microcirculation disorders were revealed such as blood overdistribution into the venous part of microvasculature prestasis , stasis and lymphostasis. Apart from these qualitative alterations, morphometry of certain parts of microvasculature was performed and some indexes and ratios were calculated. Changes of quantitative parameters were as follows: increase of the capillaries, postcapillaries and venules diameter, increase of their surface and volume, increase of diameter of pericapillary diffusion zone; decrease of the correlation ratio between total arteriolar influx and total venular blood passage within a mesentery segment; decrease of the calculated linear speed of blood in capillaries, postcapillaries and venulas .

[Ultrastructural changes in the hepatocytes of dogs continuously exposed to chronic low-dose gamma irradiation]. / Ul'trastrukturnye izmeneniia gepatotsitov sobak v usloviiakh postoiannogo khronicheskogo gamma-oblucheniia v malykh dozakh.

Electron microscopy of the liver of dogs exposed to chronic 6-year gamma-irradiation from the CO60 source demonstrated early changes in the hepatocyte structure at a relatively low dosage of 63 rad for 3 years. A comparative study of the submicroscopic reaction of hepatocytes of 3 groups of test dogs showed pronounced changes in the endoplasmatic reticulum: vacuolar transformation balloon dystrophy. The heterogeneity of ultrastructural changes of different hepatocytes was probably associated with a simultaneous development of processes of injury, reparation and adaptation of intracellular structures during the long-term gamma-irradiation exposure. Parallel development of these processes assured reparative biosynthesis to maintain the normal hepatic function.

[Ultrastructure of the lymph nodes of dogs under prolonged external gamma irradiation]. / Ul'trastruktura limfaticheskikh uzlov u sobak pri dlitel'nom vneshnem gamma-obluchenii.

The purpose of the present investigation was electron microscopy study of lymph nodes of dogs exposed to chronic gamma-irradiation during 6 years (with a total dose of 125 rad/year). The exposure induced changes in the cell composition of the paracortical regions due to a decrease of the count of small lymphocytes and a predominant increase of young blast cells with an altered ultrastructure. Chronic gamma-irradiation led to an increase of the number of plasma cells and emergence of intermediate cell forms due to "plasmatization" of lymphocytes and reticular cells.