RESUMO
By taking account the recommendations of the International consensus built up by the Committee of the US Endocrinology Association (2007), the 2006 normative documents by the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation and on the basis of the their many years' clinical and pedagogical experience, the authors have prepared a lecture for laboratory study specialists, obstetricians, endocrinologists, and other physicians who are responsible for the management of pregnant women. Concise data on the physiology of the thyroid in healthy pregnant women and in those who reside in the iodine-deficiency areas are given. The updated data on the clinical types of gestational thyroid pathology, the effects of thyroid hormone deficiency and excess on a future mother, the placenta, and fetal growth and development are summarized. There are arguments in favor of and against the expediency of total and selective screening for impaired function of the thyroid and the general principles of the laboratory diagnosis of its diseases during pregnancy. Original algorithms for interpreting the laboratory parameters of the thyroid system during gestation in the routine situations of the primary diagnosis of various diseases of the thyroid in obstetric practice and its further monitoring during treatment are discussed.
