A retrospective study of colonoscopy and monitoring in 1 154 elders aged 75 years and over / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective:To retrospectively analyze the clinical characteristics of elderly patients who received colonoscopy and to explore the clinical value of regular colonoscopy for the elderly.Methods:This was a retrospective cohort study.A total of 1 154 patients aged 75 years and over undergone colonoscopy in Guangdong General Hospital from January 2015 to March 2018 were enrolled and divided into three groups, including 605 cases aged 75-79 years, 527 cases aged 80-89 years and 22 cases aged 90 years and over.Detection rates of colorectal lesions by colonoscopy were recorded.The clinical value of annual colonoscopy on the detection of colorectal lesions in elderly patients 75 years and older were analyzed to assess the necessity for regular monitoring.Results:Overall, 569 cases(49.3%)underwent colonoscopy with sedation and 585 cases(50.7%)underwent colonoscopy without sedation.The total positive detection rate was 83.4%(962/1 154), and the main lesions were polyps(858 cases, 74.4%), including 605(52.4%)cases of adenomas.Among the three groups, gastrointestinal bleeding was the main cause for colonoscopy in the group aged 90 years and over, while abdominal discomfort, elevated immunological tumor markers and history of non-colon cancer were the main reasons for colonoscopy in the group aged 75-79 years( P<0.05). A total of 153 cases underwent annual colonoscopy.The detection rate of polyps and adenomas decreased in the second exam, but still higher than 40.0%. Conclusions:Colonoscopy is a safe and effective method for the elderly population aged 75 years and over.Polyps and adenomas are the most common lesions.Recurrence of polyps after colorectal cancer and polypectomy is common and it is necessary to receive colonoscopy regularly.

Effect of probiotics on intestinal mucosal immunity and ultrastructure of cecal tonsils of chickens.

Sixty chickens were randomly divided into two groups to determine the effect of oral administration of probiotics on the intestinal mucosal immune response and ultrastructure of cecal tonsils. The first group (control) was fed with a basic diet without antibiotic or probiotics. The second group was fed with the same diet as the control, except they received drinking water with probiotics (4 x 10(9) cfu per chicken and day) from posthatch to day 3 of age. The probiotic preparation was composed of Bacillus subtilis Bs964, Candida utilis BKM-Y74 and Lactobacillus acidophilus LH1F. Intestinal fluid, Peyer's Patch and cecal tonsils were taken at day 1, 4, 7, 10 and 18 after administration of probiotics. The results showed: (i) Compared to the control, probiotics enhanced the content of following items: immunglobulin (Ig)A in the intestinal fluid at day 7 (p < 0.01), the IgG-forming cells at day 10 (p < 0.05), IgM-forming cells in the Peyer's Patch at day 7 (p < 0.05), IgA-forming cells at day 7-10 (p < 0.05), IgG-forming cells at day 7 (p < 0.05) and IgM-forming cells in cecal tonsils diffuse area at day 4-7 (p < 0.05). (ii) T lymphocytes in cecal tonsils were enhanced at day 7 (p < 0.01) after orally fed with probiotics. (iii) The density of microvilli and length of cecal tonsils increased after probiotics were administrated at day 3. With chicken ageing, the efficiency of probiotics would decrease. These results suggested that probiotics enhance intestinal mucosal immunity of chicken at the early age.

Study on immunofunction and immunoregulation post newcastle disease vaccination of chickens infected with chicken anemia virus / 中国病理生理杂志

Chickens were infected with chicken anemia virus (CAV) at one-day-old and vaccinated with La Sota vaccine 8 days later. Meanwhile, uninfected chickens were vaccinated as controls. At 7, 14 and 28 days post vaccination, the content of IgG,IgM,IgA and HI titer in serum, the number of T cells, IgG, IgM and IgA antibody producing cells in thymus, bursa and spleen, the proliferative response of T、B cells, the inductive activity of interleukin 2 (IL-2) and interferon (IFN) in thymus and spleen were tested. The results showed that the content of IgG, IgM, IgA and hemoagglutination inhibition (HI) titer in serum, the number of T cells, IgG, IgM and IgA antibody producing cells in thymus, bursa and spleen, the proliferative response of T cells and B cells as well as the inductive activity of IL-2 and IFN in thymus and spleen of infected-vaccinated chickens significantly decreased compared with the control. These results indicated that the immunofunction and immunoregulation were dropped post ND vaccination of CAV-infected chickens.