Transfusion-Related Acute Lung Injury Type I Immediately after Open Surgical Repair for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm.

A 68-year-old man underwent open surgical repair for an abdominal aortic aneurysm. The intraoperative period had no adverse events until postoperative extubation. His SpO2 rapidly dropped, and severe acute lung edema developed. He had cardiopulmonary arrest. Cardiogenic pulmonary edema and other diseases were ruled out. He was finally diagnosed with transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) type I. Intensive care with ventilator management and continuous adrenaline administration was provided. His condition gradually improved, and he was discharged without any sequelae. Surgical cases requiring blood transfusion should be carefully monitored, and prompt action should be taken when TRALI occurs.

Shikinefragalides A-D, new tricyclic macrolides produced by Stachybotryaceae sp. FKI-9632.

Four new tricyclic macrolides, named shikinefragalides A (1), B (2), C (3) and D (4), were isolated by physicochemical (PC) screening from a static culture material of Stachybotryaceae sp. FKI-9632. Their structures were elucidated as new analogs of colletofragarones by MS and NMR analyses. Compounds 1 and 2 showed weak antimalarial activity and cytotoxicity.

Anticoagulation Therapy for Pregnancy-Associated Thrombosis: A Retrospective Observational Study.

Objectives: Pregnancy-associated deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a rare disease, and data on anticoagulation therapy are lacking. The present study examined the treatment outcome with unfractionated heparin (UFH) subcutaneous injection in patients with pregnancy-associated DVT. Methods: This single-center, retrospective, observational study enrolled 15 patients with pregnancy-associated DVT treated from January 2014 to April 2021. Results: The median age was 35 years. The median gestation week at onset was 10 (interquartile range is 8-11). All patients presented with painful symptoms with edema. All patients had proximal DVT. Anticoagulation therapy using UFH was performed in 14 patients. The median continuous dose of heparin was 18,750 U/day, and the median subcutaneous dose was 20,000 U/day. During the outpatient period, the values of activated partial thromboplastin time fluctuated wildly, but the fibrin monomer complex level remained consistently low. There were two mild bleeding complications, but neither prevented the continuation of anticoagulation therapy. During delivery, thrombi were not detected in 10 of 13 patients (77%), whereas three patients (23%) exhibited regression without resolution of the thrombus. Conclusion: Anticoagulation using UFH subcutaneous injection was safely performed in patients with pregnancy-associated DVT without serious complications or progression of thrombosis.

Evaluation of Restorative Techniques for Vertically Fractured Roots.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of combining specific adhesive materials and various surface treatments on bonding durability and microleakage of vertically fractured roots. Adhesive models were prepared using bovine lower incisors. The experiment included the following five groups: SB-G group (control) (10% citric acid with 3% ferric chloride solution (10-3 solution) + an adhesive resin cement (4-META/MMA-TBB; Super-Bond®)), EC group (self-cure bonding agent (UB) + core composite resin (EC)), EC-G group (10-3 solution + UB + EC), EC-P group (40% phosphate solution + UB + EC), and EC-E group (18% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) solution + UB + EC). After applying a load of 50,000 cycles, microleakage, microtensile bond strength (µTBS), and failure modes were examined. Microleakage of the EC, EC-G, and EC-E groups was significantly lower than that of the EC-P group. The µTBS of the EC-G group was significantly higher than that of the other groups. All EC groups showed that mixed (cohesive and adhesive) and adhesive failures were the most prevalent types of failure modes. The EC-G group showed the highest bonding durability and the lowest microleakage results, which indicates a possible alternative to current adhesive and tooth surface treatments.