Correction: An indenocarbazole-based host material for solution processable green phosphorescent organic light emitting diodes.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1039/D1RA04855D.].

An indenocarbazole-based host material for solution processable green phosphorescent organic light emitting diodes.

We designed and synthesized a new host material with a highly soluble and thermally stable indenocarbazole derivative (7,7-dimethyl-5-phenyl-2-(9-phenyl-9H-carbazol-3-yl)-5,7-dihydro-indeno[2,1-b]carbazole) that can make green phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes (PHOLEDs) in a solution process. In particular, these are used in a blue common layer structure in which green and red-emitting layers are formed by a solution process and blue common layers are thermally evaporated. The new host material possesses excellent hole transport capability and high triplet energy (T1). Mainly we designed the hole dominant material to keep the exciton forming area away from the hole transport layer (HTL) and emitting layer (EML) interface, an interfacial mixing area to improve device performance. As a result, the greatest lifetime of 1300 hours was achieved and a high current efficiency of up to 66.3 cd A-1 was recorded when we used the optimized device structure of a 5 nm thick bipolar exciton blocking layer (B-EBL). It may be a good agreement of exciton confinement and reduced electron accumulation at the HTL and EML interface.

Effect of Lactobacillus sakei, a Probiotic Derived from Kimchi, on Body Fat in Koreans with Obesity: A Randomized Controlled Study.

BACKGROUND: The increased prevalence of obesity has led to increases in the prevalence of chronic diseases worldwide. There is interest whether probiotics have an effect on obesity, but the effectiveness and safety of only a few probiotics for the treatment of obesity have been reported. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether ingestion of Lactobacillus sakei (CJLS03) derived from kimchi causes weight loss in people with obesity. METHODS: This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, clinical trial involved 114 adults with a body mass index (BMI) ≥25 kg/m2 who were assigned randomly to a CJLS03 or placebo group. The groups received two allocations of either 5×109 colony-forming units of CJLS03/allocation or the equivalent vehicle for 12 weeks. Demographic and biochemical parameters, and body composition including fat and muscle mass were measured at baseline and after 12 weeks. Changes in body fat, weight, and waist circumference were compared between the two treatment groups. Adverse events were monitored during study period. RESULTS: Body fat mass decreased by 0.2 kg in the CJLS03 group and increased by 0.6 kg in the placebo group (0.8 kg difference, P=0.018). After the 12 weeks, waist circumference was 0.8 cm smaller in the CJLS03 group than in the placebo group (P=0.013). BMI and body weight did not change after the 12 weeks. Adverse events were mild and did not differ between the two groups. CONCLUSION: These data suggest that L. sakei (CJLS03) might help people with obesity reduce body fat mass without serious side effects (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03248414).

Synthesis and electroluminescent properties of new conjugated bithiazole-containing polymers.

Three new bithiazole-based conjugated copolymers were synthesized and characterized. The EL device using PNBTV as the emitting layer showed red electroluminescence at 641 nm with a peak luminance of ca. 160 cd/m2 (0.008 cd/A). The red electroluminescence was attributed to the formation of excimers between the polymer chains. An EL device using PNBTV6 as the emitting material, which had two n-hexyl groups introduced to the phenylene in the main chain of PNBTV, showed a reddish orange emission that was blue shifted by approximately 52 nm compared with that observed with PNBTV. This observation was attributed to the significant decrease in interactions between the chains of the polymers due to the two bulky n-hexyl groups. On the other hand, PNBTV6 was found to have superior hole transporting ability compared with its electron transporting ability.

New hole transporting materials based on di- and tetra-substituted biphenyl derivatives for organic light-emitting diodes.

This study aimed to synthesize novel hole transporting materials (HTMs) with biphenyl derivatives that are di- or tetra-substituted with naphthylphenyl amine groups and/or methoxy groups, and to examine systematically the variations of the properties of the HTMs with the number and location of the substituents. The tetranaphthylphenyl amine-substituted biphenyl-based HTMs T1N and T2N were observed to have better thermal properties than the commercial HTM NPB, with decomposition temperatures above 500 degrees C, and a 10 degrees C higher T(g). In EL devices with ITO/2-TNATA-(60 nm)/HTM(15 nm)/Alq3(70 nm)/LiF(1 nm)/Al structures, the disubstituted biphenyl-based HTMs with an asymmetric molecular structure D1N and D2N were found to have inferior luminescence efficiencies when compared to NPB, which has a symmetric molecular structure. However, M1N, which is substituted with a further two methoxy groups, was found to exhibit excellent luminance and power efficiencies, 4.88 cd/A and 1.36 Im/W respectively at 100 mA/cm2, which are higher by about 147% and 127% respectively than those of NPB (3.30 cd/A and 1.07 Im/W at 100 mA/cm2), due to better charge balance.