RESUMO
Carbon supported palladium (Pd/C) catalyst was prepared by impregnation of palladium chloride using incipient wetness technique, which was followed by liquid phase reduction with formaldehyde. Thereafter, Pd/C catalyst was characterized using X-ray diffractometery, scanning electron microscopy, atomic absorption spectroscopy, thermo gravimetry, differential scanning calorimetry and surface characterization techniques. Catalytic removal of carbon monoxide (CO) over Pd/C catalyst was studied under dynamic conditions. Pd/C catalyst was found to be continuously converting CO to CO(2) through the catalyzed reaction, i.e., CO+1/2O(2)âCO(2). Pd/C catalyst provided excellent protection against CO. Effects of palladium wt%, CO concentration, humidity, space velocity and reaction environment were also studied on the breakthrough behavior of CO.
Assuntos
Poluentes Atmosféricos/isolamento & purificação , Monóxido de Carbono/isolamento & purificação , Carvão Vegetal/química , Paládio/química , Varredura Diferencial de Calorimetria , Catálise , Temperatura Alta , Umidade , Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura , Oxirredução , Espectrofotometria Atômica , Propriedades de Superfície , Termogravimetria , Difração de Raios XRESUMO
A rapid and highly sensitive method for the determination of alverine (ALV) and its metabolite, para hydroxy alverine (PHA), in human plasma using LC-MS/MS in positive ion electrospray ionization (ESI) in multiple reactions monitoring (MRM) mode was developed and validated. The procedure involves a simple solid phase extraction (SPE). Chromatographic separation was carried out on a Hypersil GOLD C(18) column (50 mm x 4.6 mm, 5 microm) with an isocratic mobile phase and a total run time of 1.5 min. The standard calibration curves showed excellent linearity within the range of 0.060-10.051 ng/mL for ALV and 0.059-10.017 ng/mL for PHA (r > or = 0.990). This method was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study after oral administration of alverine citrate 120 mg capsule in Indian healthy male volunteers.