[Reconstruction of facial defects with the forehead flap: five case reports].

The authors present several cases of facial defects reconstruction with the forehead flap. They consist of three cases of nasal reconstruction after trauma, one cases of rhinectomy and orbital exenteration for spinocellular cancer of the nasolabial fold, and a case of orbital reconstruction after exenteration for malignant melanoma of the lower eyelid with an island flap. In one of the cases we used a preexpanded forehead flap and in one other a prefabricated flap with a split-thickness skin graft. In four of the cases no complications were observed and the flaps healed uneventfully with with satisfactory results according to the patients. In the case with the island flap we observed a partial flap necrosis. The authors discuss the advantages, disadvantages and results obtained after the facial defect reconstruction with the forehead flap.

[Dynamic rehabilitation in facial paralysis with the surgical flap and temporalis muscle transposition without muscle lengthening: review and case report].

There are various surgical procedures for the reanimation of patients with long-standing facial paralysis. Temporalis muscle transfer is reliable for the reanimation of long-standing facial paralysis often employed when facial nerve reinnervation. It can be used as well for the immediate treatment of complete facial paralysis (more than 1 year) because temporalis muscle transposition does not interfere with neuronal regeneration. During the last few years the techniques employing the tendon of the temporalis muscle for the rehabilitation of the oral commissure gain increasing importance. The authors analyse the different options for reanimation after facial paralysis and report on a case of facial reanimation via temporalis muscle transfer.

[Bowel injuries after blunt abdominal traumas]. / Chrevni uvrezhdaniia pri zakriti koremni travmi.

Authors present 28 cases of bowel injuries after blunt abdominal trauma. Patients were from 14 to 71 years of age, 18 (64%) men and 10 (36%) women. The most common cause for the trauma was the car accident--in 18 cases. In the rest 10 the trauma was result of household activities. The small bowel was injured in 16 patients, the large bowel in 9 and in 3--the duodenum. In 15 cases the trauma was only abdominal and in the rest 13 it was accompanied by other traumas. Three of the 28 patients reported herein died.

[Surgical treatment of chronic nonspecific empyemas]. / Operativno lechenie na khronichnite nespetsifichni empiemi.

Approximately 4% to 20% of all acute empyema turn into chronic empyema despite the up-to-date complex treatment. The authors report their results of the surgical treatment of 38 patients with chronic nontuberculous empyema within a 5 years period. The age of the patients range from 18 to 72 years and they include 26 men and 12 women. Twenty eight were treated by thoracotomy and decortication, 7 underwent video-assisted thoracoscopy and decortication, and 3 thoracoplasty. In one of the patients a latissimus dorsi muscle flap was used.

[Vascularized pedicle muscular flaps used in the treatment of postpneumonectomy chronic empyema: two case reports]. / Prilozhenie na vaskularizirani pedikulizirani muskulni lamba za lechenie na postpulmonektomichen i khronichen empiem: dva sluchaia.

Two cases treated for postpulmonectomy empyema and residual chronic empyema cavity with latissimus dorsi and pectoralis major muscle pedicle flaps are presented. The anatomic considerations for performing these two flaps, the indications and postoperative results are discussed.

[Surgical reconstruction options in Poland's syndrome]. / Khirurgichni v'zmozhnosti za rekonstruktsiia pri sindrom na Poland.

We present two cases with Poland's anomaly in a 36 years old man and 27 years old woman and review the possibilities of surgical reconstruction. We performed a one-stage chest-wall reconstruction with a prefabricated silicone implant and latissimus dorsi muscle flap in our male patient with chest-wall deformity and partial absence of the pectoral major muscle. Our female patient with absent pectoral major muscle and aplasia of the mammary gland and mammalia underwent a one-stage reconstruction with a prefabricated silicone implant and latissimus dorsi muscle flap and inflatable silicone prothesis for the mound of the breast.