RESUMO
Interest in the use of assisted reproductive technology in reindeer husbandry has gradually increased during the last decades. This article reviews Western and Russian literature on reindeer semen collection, semen cryopreservation and artificial insemination. In addition, literature on the synchronisation of the stage of reindeer oestrous cycle among females, recovery of in vivo embryos, embryo transfer, the production of in vitro-produced embryos and pregnancy diagnosis is reviewed.
Assuntos
Prenhez , Rena , Técnicas de Reprodução Assistida/veterinária , Animais , Criopreservação/veterinária , Transferência Embrionária/veterinária , Ciclo Estral , Feminino , Inseminação Artificial/veterinária , Masculino , Gravidez , Sêmen , Manejo de Espécimes/veterináriaRESUMO
The number of patients with metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and obesity increases all over the world; the prevalence of these conditions in developed countries amounts to 20-30 per 1,000 adult population. Most studies demonstrate their direct relation to non-alcoholic fatty infiltration of the liver. MRI is the only non-invasive method allowing to quantitatively determine the degree of fatty infiltration of the liver with high sensitivity and specificity comparable with those attainable by morphological studies. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy is an effective non-invasive diagnostic method for dynamic and quantitative evaluation of fat content in the liver undergoing non-alcoholic fatty infiltration. Specifically, its application to estimate the efficacy of a lipid-reducing diet and therapy revealed normalization of lipid metabolism in 57% of the patients within 6 months after the onset of the treatment (the lipid level decreased two-fold in 28% of the patients).
