Effect of pulsed electric field treated on quality of curd.

Pulsed electric field (PEF) is a potential pre-treatment technique to improve the quality of milk by reducing its microbial load. The present study aims at addressing this issue with respect to a popular fermented dairy product, that is, curd. Milk was treated with high voltage and frequency (55 kV and 90 Hz) square waves of pulse width 900 µs for 100 s. Curd samples were prepared with conventional heat treatment (CHT), PEF-treated milk subjected to CHT (PT-CHT), and PEF-treated milk (PT). PT samples resulted in curd with higher acidity (0.17 ± 0.005% LA) and microbial load (6.65 ± 0.27 log CFUg-1), while the PT-CHT samples resulted in curd with better whey holding capacity. The firmness recorded for CHT, PT-CHT, and PT was 1.15 ± 0.05, 1.32 ± 0.04, and 0.91 ± 0.03 N, respectively. PT-CHT showed a higher viscosity index, that is, 0.207 ± 0.005 g. Sensorial properties showed the acidic nature of PT-curd with greater syneresis and softer texture resulted in its poorer sensory scores for texture. Shelf-life analysis showed no significant difference between curd prepared using the CH and PT-CHT up to 12 days. The study demonstrated the potential of employing PEF with CHT for improving the texture and shelf life of curd without impacting its quality.

Synthesis and luminescence properties of Sm3+ doped CaTiO3 nanophosphor for application in white LED under NUV excitation.

CaTiO3:Sm(3+) (1-11 mol%) nanophosphors were successfully synthesized by a low temperature solution combustion method [LCS]. The structural and morphological properties of the phosphors were studied by using Powder X-ray diffractometer (PXRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray photo electron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). TEM studies indicate that the size of the phosphor is ∼20-35 nm. Photoluminescence (PL) properties of Sm(3+) (1-11 mol%) doped CaTiO3 for NUV excitation (407 nm) was studied in order to investigate the possibility of its use in White light emitting diode (WLED) applications. The emission spectra consists of intra 4f transitions of Sm(3+), such as (4)G5/2→(6)H5/2 (561 nm), (4)G5/2→(6)H7/2 (601-611 nm), (4)G5/2→(6)H9/2 (648 nm) and (4)G5/2→(6)H11/2 (703 nm) respectively. Further, the emission at 601-611 nm show strong orange-red emission and can be applied to the orange-red emission of phosphor for the application for near ultra violet (NUV) excitation. Thermoluminescence (TL) of the samples irradiated with gamma source in the dose range 100-500 Gy was recorded at a heating rate of 5°Cs(-1). Two well resolved glow peaks at 164°C and 214°C along with shouldered peak at 186°C were recorded. TL intensity increases up to 300 Gy and thereafter, it decreases with further increase of dose. The kinetic parameters namely activation energy (E), frequency factor (s) and order of kinetics were estimated and results were discussed in detail.

Infected late false aneurysm of the deep femoral artery.

A false aneurysm may mimic an abscess, but concomitant existence of the two lesions seems not to have been previously described. In a 32-year-old man, a false aneurysm of the deep femoral artery was found to be in communication with an abscess cavity in the posterolateral thigh. The false aneurysm was found in the proximity of the protruding tip of a Steinmann pin which had eroded the arterial wall. The abscess was a consequence of posttraumatic and postoperative osteomyelitis which had been previously debrided, bone grafted, and immobilize with an external fixator attached to four Steinmann pins. The condition was successfully treated by surgical drainage of te abscess cavity, excision of the false aneurysm, and ligation of the deep femoral artery.

Deep fasciitis of the biceps region.

An infection of the biceps fascia, later myositis, and spreading to the pectoralis is described in six patients. The majority were synergistic infections with an anaerobic Peptococcus, Eikenella, or Bacteroides and an aerobic Streptococcus. Five of the patients were drug abusers. Excision of the biceps and portions of the pectoralis major was necessary in four patients.

Anatomical basis of variability in injuries of the medial malleolus and the deltoid ligament. I. Anatomical studies.

An anatomical study of the medial malleolus and the deltoid ligament of the ankle on fresh and formalin preserved legs of cadavera and amputation specimens has been carried out. The anterior and posterior colliculi, and the intercollicular groove of the medial malleolus were described. The deltoid ligament was found to have two layers: the superficial, attached primarily to the anterior colliculus, consisted of the naviculotibial, calcaneotibial, and superficial talotibial ligaments; the deep layer consisted of the deep anterior and posterior talotibial ligaments and was attached primarily to the posterior colliculus and the intercollicular groove. These findings are at variance with previous descriptions of the deltoid ligament.

Anatomical basis of variability in injuries of the medial malleolus and the deltoid ligament. II. Clinical studies.

The anatomical concept of the deltoid ligament as being attached to the anterior colliculus of the medial malleolus by its superficial portion, and to the posterior colliculus by its deep portion has been applied to a clinical material. A number of singular and concurrent lesions of the medial malleolus and the deltoid ligament were recognized: fracture of the anterior colliculus, concurrent fracture of the anterior colliculus and rupture of the deep posterior talotibial ligament, fracture of the posterior colliculus, supracollicular fracture, rupture of the deltoid ligament, and chip fracture of the anterior colliculus. The clinical implications of these lesions are discussed.