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1.
Nat Commun ; 7: 12153, 2016 07 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27396506

RESUMO

Since their discovery, carbon nanotubes have fascinated many researchers due to their unprecedented properties. However, a major drawback in utilizing carbon nanotubes for practical applications is the difficulty in positioning or growing them at specific locations. Here we present a simple, rapid, non-invasive and scalable technique that enables optical imaging of carbon nanotubes. The carbon nanotube scaffold serves as a seed for nucleation and growth of small size, optically visible nanocrystals. After imaging the molecules can be removed completely, leaving the surface intact, and thus the carbon nanotube electrical and mechanical properties are preserved. The successful and robust optical imaging allowed us to develop a dedicated image processing algorithm through which we are able to demonstrate a fully automated circuit design resulting in field effect transistors and inverters. Moreover, we demonstrate that this imaging method allows not only to locate carbon nanotubes but also, as in the case of suspended ones, to study their dynamic mechanical motion.

2.
J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol ; 20(3): 233-63, 2009.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19852310

RESUMO

The goal of the present study was to apply the oscillatory brain dynamics model to the structural and quantitative analysis of neurocognitive functions considered as a potential marker of schizophrenia. This was achieved in tests of the detection of auditory events deviating in the regular auditory stream (oddball paradigm, MMN effect). It was hypothesized that the post-stimulus peaks of the oscillation power localized in post-stimulus time in the definite EEG oscillators represented neuro-electrical 'events' evoked in the specific neuronal nets characterized by this oscillation frequency band. We suggest that the time-frequency destination of these events related to the activation of the functional neuronal nets could be used for the determination of specific neurocognitive functions. Thus it was an attempt to distinguish the different neuro-functional parts of auditory processing and to compare these results between healthy subjects and patients with schizophrenia. The present results demonstrate the significant difference between the frontal averaged EEG oscillatory dynamics in healthy subjects and patients with schizophrenia related to neurocognitive function marked by the MMN and orienting response N200/P300a.


Assuntos
Transtornos Cognitivos/fisiopatologia , Eletroencefalografia , Potenciais Evocados Auditivos , Esquizofrenia/fisiopatologia , Estimulação Acústica/métodos , Adulto , Análise de Variância , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Transtornos Cognitivos/etiologia , Lobo Frontal/fisiopatologia , Humanos , Masculino , Rede Nervosa/metabolismo , Adulto Jovem
3.
Psychiatr Serv ; 50(5): 698-700, 1999 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10332910

RESUMO

The effectiveness of Israel's compulsory ambulatory treatment order was evaluated based on a one-year follow-up of the 326 orders served during the first four years of implementation. Demographic, epidemiological, clinical, and legal data were obtained from patient records. Success was defined as continuous treatment for the entire six-month period of compulsory ambulatory treatment, or as voluntary hospitalization during or after the compulsory treatment period. The compulsory ambulatory treatment order was found to be efficacious in 43.3 percent of the cases; in 32.5 percent it did not succeed in preventing compulsory hospitalization, and in the remaining cases (22.1 percent), success was partial.


Assuntos
Assistência Ambulatorial/legislação & jurisprudência , Internação Compulsória de Doente Mental/legislação & jurisprudência , Transtornos Mentais/terapia , Adulto , Assistência Ambulatorial/normas , Distribuição de Qui-Quadrado , Internação Compulsória de Doente Mental/normas , Grupos Diagnósticos Relacionados/estatística & dados numéricos , Feminino , Hospitalização/estatística & dados numéricos , Humanos , Israel , Masculino , Cooperação do Paciente , Estudos Retrospectivos , Resultado do Tratamento
6.
Harefuah ; 133(12): 597-602, 664, 1997 Dec 15.
Artigo em Hebraico | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9451866

RESUMO

The Treatment of Mentally Sick Persons Law of 1955, was repealed and replaced by the Law of 1991. Under the latter, the Order for Compulsory Ambulatory Treatment (OCAT) was addressed for the first time (Section 11, a-d). According to this law, the district psychiatrist instead of issuing a hospitalization order, may issue an OCAT, under which the required treatment is given within the scope of a clinic which he designates, for up to 6 months and under conditions which he specifies. This is done on the basis of psychiatric examination, or an application in writing from the director of a hospital or clinic, when continued ambulatory treatment is needed after discharge from hospital or instead of compulsory hospitalization. The district psychiatrist may extend the period of treatment for further periods, none of which is to exceed 6 months. Compulsory ambulatory treatment is to enable patients to benefit from the positive aspects of living freely in the community, while receiving prompt treatment under compulsory conditions. The concept offers a partial solution, achieving a balance between civil liberties and clinical needs, between over-confinement and under-treatment which might be dangerous or neglectful. The clinical impression has been that the OCAT has not fulfilled expectations. The purpose of this study was to examine the topic in a systematic way in Jerusalem and the southern districts for the 4 years since inception of the law. In 44.4% of cases OCAT was proven to be effective, while in 33.1% it was found to be ineffective and did not prevent compulsory hospitalization, one of its main goals. It was partially effective in the rest of the cases. It is recommended that suitable means for the enforcement of the law be allocated and that the subject of forceful hospitalization and OCAT be made a mandatory subject in the residency program of psychiatrists.


Assuntos
Assistência Ambulatorial/legislação & jurisprudência , Legislação Médica , Transtornos Mentais/terapia , Psiquiatria/legislação & jurisprudência , Direitos Civis/legislação & jurisprudência , Atenção à Saúde/legislação & jurisprudência , Humanos , Israel
7.
Schizophr Bull ; 21(4): 693-701, 1995.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8749895

RESUMO

This study assesses the different approaches to treating patients with schizoaffective and paranoid schizophrenia in remission. Individualized treatment of 220 outpatient schizophrenia patients was conducted for 4 years. The choice of treatment was based on the course of the disease and the frequency of relapses. The influence of changes in treatment on the patterns of relapses is presented. The results of this prospective followup open study were evaluated by comparing data received during our research with data from the two preceding 4-year periods and with data from the control group. Compared with routine methods, special treatment tactics led to a significantly decreased frequency of relapses in patients with frequent relapses (p < 0.001). In patients with rare relapses, full cessation of treatment did not lead to increasing mean frequency of relapses. Treatment in remission should be based on the peculiarities of the course of disease, specifically, frequency of relapses, type of schizophrenia, and presence or absence of positive psychopathological signs in remission.


Assuntos
Antipsicóticos/administração & dosagem , Transtornos Psicóticos/tratamento farmacológico , Esquizofrenia/tratamento farmacológico , Psicologia do Esquizofrênico , Adulto , Idoso , Doença Crônica , Terapia Combinada , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Quimioterapia Combinada , Feminino , Humanos , Assistência de Longa Duração , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Equipe de Assistência ao Paciente , Escalas de Graduação Psiquiátrica , Psicoterapia , Transtornos Psicóticos/diagnóstico , Transtornos Psicóticos/psicologia , Recidiva , Esquizofrenia/diagnóstico , Esquizofrenia Paranoide/diagnóstico , Esquizofrenia Paranoide/tratamento farmacológico , Esquizofrenia Paranoide/psicologia , Resultado do Tratamento
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