[The biological activity of Pseudomonas solanacearum polysaccharide]. / Biologicheskaia aktivnost' lipopolisakharida Pseudomonas solanacearum.

Antitumour, antileukosis and antimetastatic effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) isolated from Pseudomonas solanacearum have been studied. It is established that LPS does not possess the antitumour effect on experimental animals with Lewis lung carcinoma, melanoma B-16 and sarcoma S-37 and vice versa, intensifies the tumour growth. The life time of animals with experimental leukoses lymphocytic leukemia P-388 and lymphoid leukemia L 1210 inconsiderably increases. At the same time LPS possesses the expressed antimetastatic effect that has manifested in the decrease of the volume (40 and 5 times) and of the amount (4-4.2 times) of metastases in mice with Lewis lung carcinoma and melanoma B-16, respectively. Study of the contribution of certain structural components of LPS molecule to the total biological activity has shown that O-specific polysaccharide and oligosaccharide of core take the expressed antimetastatic effect. Lipid A in the used dose weakly modified the development of Lewis lung carcinoma metastases.

[Synthesis and biological properties of delta-sleep peptide analogs. 2. Antimetastatic effect]. / Sintez i biologicheskie svoistva analogov peptida del'ta-sna. 2. Antimetastaticheskoe deistvie.

With the aim to investigate structure-functional relations of DSIP, 11 DSIP analogues were tested on antimetastatic activity, among them five new analogues, differing in positions 2 and 6 of the DSIP amino acid sequence were synthesized by the solid-phase method using Fmoc-approach. Experiments on C57B1 mice with metastatic Lewis lung carcinoma showed some analogues to be more efficient as antimetastatic agents then DSIP after i.v. (50 micrograms/kg) administration. Normalization of neuroendocrine status and activity of peritoneal, alveolar and spleen macrophages after the DSIP and some analogues injections in mice with metastatic Lewis lung carcinoma took place. Antimetastatic action of DSIP derivatives is considerably affected by structural changes, especially in the N-terminal part. Conformational factors rather than enhanced enzymatic resistance are essential for antimetastatic response.

[Effect of N-palmitoyl- and N-stearoylethanolamines on lipid peroxidation in mouse tissues in metastatic Lewis carcinoma]. / Vliianie N-pal'mitoil- i N-stearoilétanolaminov na perekisnoe okislenie lipidov v tkaniiakh mysei pri metastazirovanii kartsinomy L'iuis.

The ability of two-cell minor lipid components: N-palmitoyl- and N-stearoylethanolamines to influence the Lewis lung carcinoma metastases has been studied. It is shown that these compounds decrease the quantity and the volume of metastases. Acyl derivatives of ethanolamine inhibit simultaneously the process of lipid peroxidation. Mice C57 B1/6 were intraperitonealy injected labeled 3H-N-stearoylethanolamine. Localization of this radioactive label in some organs of the animals was studied.

[Biochemical characteristics of the brain mediator systems during stimulation of metastasis from surgical removal of a tumor]. / Viokhimicheskaia kharakteristika mediatornykh sistem golovnogo mozga v usloviiakh stimuliatsii metastazirovaniia pri khirurgicheskom udalenii opukholi.

In cases of tumor surgical operation, which stimulated metastatic spreading, distinct activation of hypothalamic structures was observed simultaneously with generalization of impairments in the neurotransmitting systems, accompanied by their exhaustion and disturbance. Pathology-related alterations in brain neurotransmitting reactions, provoked by surgical operation in cases of tumors, considerably exceeded similar parameters in non-operated or sham-operated animals.

[The effect of Leu- and Met-enkephalins on the adenosine deaminase and 5'-nucleotidase activities of the lymphocytes under conditions of stress stimulation of metastasis]. / Vliianie lei- i met-énkefalinov na aktivnost' adenozindezaminazy i 5'-nukleotidazy limfotsitov v usloviiakh stressornoi stimuliatsii metastazirovaniia.

A correlation between changes of the hypothalamic mediator processes, hormone level in blood plasma, catecholamines and their catabolites in urine and changes of the activity of adenosine metabolism enzymes in the thymus and the spleen lymphocytes has been observed in C57B1 mice with Lewis lung carcinoma. Effect of leu- and met-enkephalines on neuroendocrine stress-realizing mechanisms proved to be different, that is responsible for their contrary effect on the metastatic growth--leu-enkephaline inhibits and met-enkephaline stimulates the process. It has been shown that an inhibitory effect of leu-enkephaline is greatly related to its stimulating influence on the thymus lymphocyte activity and a decrease of the functional activity of the spleen lymphocytes.

[Effects of constant magnetic field on the growth and metastasizing of Lewis carcinoma in mice]. / Vliianie postoiannogo magnitnogo polia na rost i metastazirovanie kartsinomy L'iuis u myshei.

In mice with the metastasizing Lewis carcinoma the constant magnetic field (CMF) was studied for its effect on growth and metastatic process depending on the immobilization of animals. The results obtained show a decrease in the rate of the primary tumour growth and in the intensity of the metastatic process under the influence of CMF by incomplete immobilization. Complete immobilization eliminates the antimetastatic effects of the CMF.

[Effects of prostaglandins E2 and F2 alpha on the hypothalamo-hypophyseal-adrenal system and thyroid function in mice with Lewis lung carcinoma]. / Vliianie prostaglandinov E2 i F2 alfa na gipotalamo-gipofizarno-nadpochechnikvuiu sistemu i tireoidnuiu funktsiiu u myshei s kartsinomoi legkogo L'iuis.

It has been determined that prostaglandins E2 and F2 alpha being exogenously inoculated during the premetastatic period to mice with metastatic Lewis lung carcinoma in equal degree activate neurocytes of supraoptic and paraventricular hypothalamus nuclei, playing the important role in secretion of peptidergic hypophysial adrenal gland complex, but they exert unequal influence on pituitary body, adrenal cortex and thyroid apparatus. F2 alpha stimulates the pituitary body corticotrophic function, secretory function of spongiocytes and thyrocytes, identifies the thyroxin and triiodothyronine utilization, E2, on the contrary, does not influence these indices or reduces them. Obviously, the mentioned above differences between E2 and F2 alpha may be explained by their different influences on antimetastatic resistance.

[Increase of the functional activity of natural killers under the effects of the pharmacological correction of the sympathoadrenal system state in patients with lung cancer]. / Povyshenie funktsional'noi aktivnosti estestvennykh killerov pod vliianiem farmakologicheskoi korrektsii sostoianiia simpatoadrenalovoi sistemy u bol'nykh rakom legkogo.

The influence of drugs improving sympathoadrenal system status on natural killer (NK) functional activity was studied in lung cancer patients. The activity of adenosine-metabolizing enzymes (adenosine deaminase and 5'-nucleotidase) in NK cells was found significantly altered, suggesting the involvement of this phenomenon in decreasing NK activity under tumor growth. Pharmacological correction of sympathoadrenal system status was followed by an increase in NK functional activity in lung cancer patients.

[Endothelial changes in the pulmonary blood vessels of mice with Lewis lung carcinoma and experimental stress]. / Izmeneniia éndoteliia krovenosnykh sosudov legkogo myshei s kartsinomoi legkogo L'iuis pri éksperimental'nom stresse.

The influence of surgical tumour removal and of the emotional-pain stress described by Desiderato on the lung metastases development and lung vascular internal surface state was studied in C57BL mice with Lewis carcinoma. Scanning electron microscopy revealed a stress-damaging effect on vascular walls. It is possible to assume that the stress damage of pulmonary blood vessels greatly influences the stimulation of metastases. Concrete mechanisms responsible for this phenomenon are elucidated.

[The effect of age-related changes on the hypophyseo-adrenal and sympathetico-adrenal systems in patients with cancer of the digestive tract and lungs]. / Vliianie vozrastnykh izmenenii na gipofizarno-nadpochechnikovuiu i simpato-adrenalovuiu sistemy u bol'nykh rakom pishchevaritel'nogo kanala i legkikh.

An analysis of the activity of pituitary-adrenal and sympathetic-adrenal systems in patients with cancer of the digestive canal and lungs with consideration of age, sex and stage of the disease indicates that not age but the development of the tumour process is the leading factor in disorders of the neuroendocrine homeostasis. Therapeutic measures are discussed.

[The effect of emotional-pain stress syndrome on the biochemical characteristics of the stress-realizing system and metastasis of Lewis lung carcinoma in mice]. / Vliianie émotsional'no-bolevogo stressa na biokhimicheskie kharakteristiki stressrealizuiushchikh sistem i metastazirovanie kartsinomy legkikh L'iuis u myshei.

The emotional-pain stress (EPS) in C57BL mice with Lewis carcinoma was studied for its influence on serotoninergic, noradrenergic, dopaminergic, glutamatergic, aspartatergic, glycinergic, taurinergic, GABA-ergic and cholinergic mediator mechanisms of the hypothalamus, the level of corticotropin, free and bound 11-corticosteroids, insulin, thyroxin and testosterone in blood plasma as well as on the content of catecholamines, their precursors and catabolites in urine. EPS contributed to a long-term activation of stress-realizing systems resulting in generalization of decompensation in them. The stimulating effect of EPS on the incidence and growth of metastases is established depending on the terms of its application.

[Antimetastatic effect of the delta-sleep peptide during stress in mice with Lewis' lung carcinoma]. / Antimetastaticheskii éffekt peptida del'ta-sna pri stresse u myshei s kartsinomoi legkogo L'iuis.

The experiments on C57Bl mice with metastatic Lewis lung carcinoma have shown that peptide delta-sleep (DSIP) lowers the stimulation of metastatic spreading which is observed in combination of the surgical removal of the tumour with the emotional-painful stress. The antimetastatic effect is accompanied by stabilization of neurohumoral indices, by a decrease in the intensity of lipid peroxidation and of the acid cathepsin activity in the blood vessels and in the lung tissue.

[Functional state of the sympatho-adrenal system at late stages of the tumor process after cyclophosphamide and 5-fluorouracil administration]. / Funktsional'noe sostoianie simpatoadrenalovoi sistemy na pozdnikh stadiiakh opukholevogo protsessa pri vvedenii tsiklofosfana i 5-ftoruratsila.

The effect of cyclophosphamide and 5-fluorouracil on the neurochemical determinants of the functional state of the sympatho-adrenal system (SAS) is studied in C57BL mice with metastatic Lewis carcinoma and tumours induced by subcutaneous administration of 20-methylcholanthrene. It is established that pathologic effect of cytostatics on the SAS is especially pronounced at the late stages of the tumour process. In this case urine excretion of DOPA, catecholamines and their catabolites is observed.

[Changes in neurohumoral factors of various tissues in patients with breast cancer]. / Izmeneniia nekotorykh tkanevykh neirogumoral'nykh faktorov u bol'nykh rakom molochnoi zhelezy.

Such neurohumoral factors of antitumor resistance regulation as catecholamines, corticosteroids and cholinergic mechanisms were studied in tissues of breast cancer patients. Tissue adjacent to tumor revealed elevated concentrations of 11-hydroxycorticosteroids and adrenaline matched by an increased release of norepinephrine which greatly depended on weakened cholinergic influences. These disturbances were pronounced in stages I and II tumors and, particularly, in infiltrating scirrhous cancer. Disbalance in neurohumoral factor distribution between normal and altered tissues may boost tumor recurrence and metastatic spread.

[Effect of prostaglandins on metastatic spread after surgical removal of tumors and pain stress in mice]. / Vliianie prostaglandinov na metastazirovanie pri kirurgicheskom udalenii opukholi i bolevom stresse u myshei.

The effect of prostaglandins (PG) E2 and F2 alpha, indomethacin and arachidonic acid on stressful metastatic stimulation observed in case of combined stress influence has been studied in C57Bl mice with Lewis carcinoma. Under conditions of excessive stress load indomethacin, arachidonic acid and PGF2 alpha stimulated the development of metastases, while PGE2 caused an inhibiting effect. On the contrary, in animals which were not affected by stress indomethacin and PGF2 alpha revealed an antimetastatic effect.

[Adenosine metabolism in lymphocytes and neurochemical stressor reactions in mice with metastatic Lewis carcinoma after surgical removal of the tumor]. / Metabolizm adenozina v limfotsitakh i neirokhimiheskie stressornye reaktsii u myshei s metastaziruiushchei kartsinomoi L'iuis pri khirurgicheskom udalenii opukholi.

Surgical operation of metastatic Lewis carcinoma, carried out in male mice of C57B1 strain, which stimulated distinctly the metastases spreading, was accompanied by phase impairments in activities of adenosine deaminase and 5'-nucleotidase in immunocompetent cells correlating with neurochemical stressory reactions. Thus, excessive stressory alterations in activity of symptoadrenal and hypothalamic mediatory systems appear to be among the factors responsible for inhibition of metabolism in lymphoid cells and for stimulation of metastatic spreading.

[Enzymes of adenosine metabolism in lymphocytes and the functional state of the sympatho-adrenal system in tumor processes]. / Fermenty metabolizma adenozina v limfotsitakh i funktsional'noe sostoianie simpatoadrenalovoi sistemy pri opukholevom protsesse.

A correlation between reactions of the sympathoadrenal system and the activity of adenosine transformation enzymes in lymphocytes is demonstrated in the dynamics of metastatic Lewis carcinoma development in C57Bl mice. In the period when metastases arise a decrease in the adenosine deaminase activity in lymphoid cells of the thymus and spleen is accompanied by drop in the content of DOPA, noradrenalin and adrenalin in adrenals. At the late stages of the tumour process a decrease in the amount of these compounds in adrenals is accompanied by the diminution of the adenosine deaminase activity and by an increase in the 5'-nucleotidase activity in the thymus. Contrary changes are observed in spleen lymphocytes. The revealed disturbances may stimulate to a considerable extent the appearance and growth of metastases.

[Neurohormonal changes during the growth of metastatic Lewis carcinoma in C57Bl mice]. / Nerogormonal'nye izmeneniia v protsesse rosta metastaziruiushchei kartsinomy L'iuis u myshei C57Black.

Functions of adrenal gland cortex, mediator system of brain and of sympathoadrenal system, including hormone formation in medullar layer of adrenal glands, were studied in mice of C57BL strain with growing metastatic Lewis carcinoma. The neurohormonal activity was distinctly inhibited under conditions of stress within the period of adaptation to the tumor development (I-14 days after the carcinoma inoculation) as well as in development of metastases (21 day of the tumor growth). Excessive stimulation of the systems studied as well as their exhaustion, might cause a distinct augmenting effect on the tumor growth and development of metastases.

[Correction of the function of the sympathoadrenal system in the surgical and combined treatment of patients with cancer of the esophagus and stomach]. / Korrektsiia funktsii simpatoadrenalovoi sistemy pri khirurgicheskom i kombinirovannom lechenii bol'nykh rakon pishchevoda i zheludka.

The study was concerned with the functional condition of the sympatho-adrenal system in 80 patients with cancer of the esophagus and proximal part of the stomach who had undergone surgery and received combined treatment, coupled with measures aimed at correcting the sympatho-adrenal system in some cases. Treatment with phenformin, decaris and S-methylmethionine was shown to produce a favorable effect on certain stages of catecholamine synthesis and metabolism as well as on immunologic indexes and hemodynamic stability.