Prosthetic polyester-based hybrid mesh for repairing of perineal hernia in dogs.

Background: This study involves the use of a new multifunctional prosthetic mesh for treatment of the perineal hernia without complications. The prosthetic mesh is a hybrid platform of both synthetic and natural materials, mainly consisting of a synthetic commercial polyester fabric (CPF) to deliver the required mechanical integrity. The CPF mesh was coated by a natural biodegradable, biocompatible, and antimicrobial layer of chitosan incorporating phenytoin-loaded pluronic nanomicelles for healing promotion and ciprofloxacin-alginate polyelectrolyte complex-based microparticles as antibacterial agent. Aim: To evaluate the new developed multifunction polyester-based hybridmesh to repair perineal hernia clinical cases in dogs. Methods: The used multifunctional prosthetic mesh is a hybrid of the natural biodegradable, biocompatible, and antimicrobial material used in six cases with perineal hernia. Results: The prosthetic polyester-based hybrid mesh was found very helpful in repairing clinical cases of perineal hernias in six dogs without unwarranted other surgical procedures or complications. The developed mesh proved its feasibility in terms of efficient biocompatibility, stability, sterilizability, and low cost. Conclusion: The prosthetic commercial polyester-based mesh provided the ideal and feasible alternative prosthesis with many advantages.

Multifunctional prosthetic polyester-based hybrid mesh for repairing of abdominal wall hernias and defects.

This study involves the design, development and evaluation of a new multifunctional prosthetic mesh for treatment of abdominal wall defects without complications. The developed prosthetic mesh is a hybrid platform of both synthetic and natural materials with its backbone consisting of a synthetic commercial polyester fabric (CPF) to provide the required mechanical integrity. The CPF mesh was coated by a natural biodegradable, biocompatible and antimicrobial layer of chitosan (CS) incorporating phenytoin (PH)-loaded pluronic nanomicelles for healing promotion, and ciprofloxacin (CPX)-alginate polyelectrolyte complex-based microparticles as antibacterial agent. The prosthetic mesh was optimized and evaluated in-vitro and in-vivo. The optimum PH-loaded micelles had particle size of 95.42 nm, polydispersity index of 0.41, zeta potential of -18 and entrapment efficiency of 89.4%, while the optimum CPX microcomplexes had particle size of 1292.0 nm, polydispersity index of 0.8, zeta potential of -20.1, complexation efficiency of 81.1%, and minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.25 µg/ml and 0.125 µg/ml against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, respectively. In-vivo study on abdominal wall defect dog model was conducted, followed by implantation of the proposed prosthetic meshes. The developed mesh depicted an efficient healing with excellent biocompatibility, and could be an ideal and feasible alternative prosthesis with many advantages such as low cost, inertness, mechanical stability, pliability, low infection rate, limited modification by body tissues, sterilizability, non-carcinogenicity, limited inflammatory reaction, hypoallergenic as well as minimal complications.

Epidural anesthesia in Egyptian water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis): a comparison of lidocaine, xylazine and a combination of lidocaine and xylazine.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate and compare the analgesic effects of a combination of lidocaine and xylazine to lidocaine or xylazine administered alone for epidural anesthesia in Egyptian water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis). STUDY DESIGN: Prospective, randomized, 'blinded', crossover experimental study. ANIMALS: A total of 12 female Egyptian water buffalo. METHODS: Buffalo were randomly assigned to one of three epidural treatments administered through the sacrococcygeal joint: a local anesthetic (2% lidocaine, 0.22 mg kg-1), an alpha-2-adrenergic agonist (xylazine, 0.1 mg kg-1) or a combination of both drugs in a crossover fashion with a 14 day washout period. The total volume of each treatment was fixed at 7.0 mL by adding 0.9% NaCl. Onset, maximal effect, and duration of epidural anesthesia were recorded. RESULTS: Caudal epidural anesthesia was easily performed, and all three treatments produced local anesthesia of the tail and perineal structures of standing buffalo. Onset of epidural anesthesia was faster (p < 0.05) with lidocaine (3.4 ± 0.9 minutes) than with xylazine (9.1 ± 1.1 minutes) or lidocaine-xylazine (6.4 ± 1.1 minutes). The maximal effect of epidural anesthesia was reached faster (p < 0.05) with lidocaine (5.9 ± 0.64 minutes) than xylazine (14.4 ± 1.1 minutes) or lidocaine-xylazine (12.9 ± 0.64 minutes). The duration of epidural anesthesia was longer (p < 0.05) with lidocaine-xylazine (145.8 ± 3.3 minutes) than either lidocaine (118.4 ± 2.7 minutes) or xylazine (102.1 ± 3.7 minutes) administered alone. None of the treatments produced ataxia. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Caudal epidural anesthesia was easily performed in Egyptian water buffalo by administering a local anesthetic, an alpha-2-adrenergic agonist or a combination of both drugs through the sacrococcygeal joint. Administering a combination of lidocaine and xylazine provided a longer duration of anesthesia than either drug used alone. Epidural xylazine provided a useful level of systemic sedation without ataxia.